高压极端条件下的富氢高温超导体

陈胤圻; 王洪波

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20230842

高压极端条件下的富氢高温超导体

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20230842

陈胤圻,
王洪波^*, ,

吉林大学物理学院, 超硬材料国家重点实验室, 吉林长春　130012

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（12374007）；中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（XDB33000000）

详细信息

作者简介:
陈胤圻（1997－），男，硕士，主要从事高压下富氢超导体研究. E-mail：yinqi23@mails.jlu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
王洪波（1981－），男，教授，主要从事高压下富氢超导体研究. E-mail：whb2477@jlu.edu.cn

中图分类号: O521.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-10-31
- 修回日期: 2024-01-18
- 录用日期: 2024-01-18
- 网络出版日期: 2024-04-11
- 刊出日期: 2024-04-09

Hydrogen-Rich Superconductors with High Critical Temperature under High Pressure

CHEN Yinqi,
WANG Hongbo^{*
, ,}

State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China

摘要

摘要: 自从在汞中发现4.2 K的超导转变温度以来，寻找室温超导体一直是凝聚态物理领域的研究热点。近年来，科学家在高压极端条件下发现了以共价型H₃S（T_c=203 K）和离子型LaH₁₀（T_c=250 K）、CaH₆（T_c=215 K）为代表的系列高温超导体，先后刷新了超导转变温度纪录，这些工作开启了学界在富氢化合物中寻找室温超导体的新篇章。本文重点介绍了目前高压下二元和三元富氢高温超导体的理论模拟以及实验制备和表征方面的相关研究进展，分析在富氢化合物中发现室温超导体面临的挑战和可能途径，为实现室温超导做出基础性贡献。
- 高压极端条件 /
- 富氢超导体 /
- 晶体结构预测 /
- 金刚石对顶砧
Abstract: Since the discovery of 4.2 K superconductivity in mercury, the search for room-temperature superconductivity has been a hot topic in the field of condensed matter physics. In recent years, scientists have discovered a series of high-temperature superconductivity, represented by covalent H₃S (superconducting transition temperature T_c=203 K) and ionic LaH₁₀ (T_c=250 K) and CaH₆ (T_c=215 K) under high pressures. These works have successively broken superconducting temperature records, opening a new era in search for room-temperature superconductivity in hydrogen-rich compounds. This paper focuses on the progress of theoretical prediction, experimental synthesis, and characterization in binary and ternary hydrogen-rich superconductors with high critical temperature under high pressure. Furthermore, it addresses the challenges and potential avenues in the quest for room-temperature superconductors in hydrogen-rich compounds.
- high pressure /
- hydrogen-rich superconductor /
- crystal structural prediction /
- diamond anvil cell

HTML全文

图 1 (a) H₃S的晶体结构（大球为硫原子，小球为氢原子），(b) 155 GPa高压下H₃S在零场冷却（ZFC）和外加20 Oe有场冷却（FC）的磁化强度^[32]

Figure 1. (a) Crystal structure of H₃S (The large and small balls represent sulfur atoms and hydrogen atoms, respectively.);(b) magnetization measurements of H₃S at 155 GPa under zero-field cooling (ZFC) and 20 Oe field cooling (FC)^[32]

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图 2 笼型超氢化合物MH₆（a）、MH₉（b）和MH₁₀（c）的晶体结构（M为碱土、稀土金属原子，大球为金属原子，小球为氢原子）^[42]，(d) 135～150 GPa高压下LaH₁₀的电阻随温度的变化曲线^[48]（插图为超导转变温度与压强的关系^[47]）

Figure 2. Crystal structures of the clathrate superhydrides MH₆(a), MH₉(b), and MH₁₀(c) (M represents alkaline earth orrare earth metal atoms. The large and small balls represent metal atoms and hydrogen atoms, respectively.)^[42]；(d) resistance measurements on clathrate LaH₁₀ in the pressure range of 135–150 GPa^[48] (The inset showsthe relationship between superconducting transition temperature and pressure^[47])

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图 3 实验制备的典型富氢超导体（红色标注的富氢超导体结构中已含有原子氢）

Figure 3. Typical hydrogen-rich superconductors that have been experimentally synthesized (Structures of the hydrogen-rich superconductors marked in red contain atomic hydrogen.)

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