Development of a 6.2 GPa Precompressed Static-Dynamic Compression Technique for Wide-Range Equation-of-State Investigations
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摘要: 材料在极端压力和温度条件下的状态方程为高能量密度物理、行星科学及惯性约束聚变研究提供了重要基础数据。传统冲击压缩实验受限于样品的初始状态，通常只能覆盖有限的热力学相区；而静态高压与激光动高压相结合的静-动加载技术通过改变材料初始密度，显著拓展了可研究的相区范围。发展了一种面向宽相区状态方程研究的高预压静-动加载实验技术，通过对Mini-Boehler型金刚石压砧（diamond anvil cell, DAC）的靶结构进行力学与光学优化设计，成功将静态预压水平提升至最高6.2 GPa。依托神光Ⅱ及神光Ⅱ升级激光装置开展实验，采用任意反射面速度干涉仪（velocity interferometer system for any reflector, VISAR）和条纹光学高温计（streaked optical pyrometer, SOP）对冲击过程进行高精度诊断。同时，针对高预压实验条件，对阻抗匹配法中的标准材料状态方程、折射率以及稀疏路径等进行修正处理。实验结果表明，该技术能够在保持良好诊断信号的同时显著提高样品的初始密度，从而拓展了冲击压缩实验可覆盖的热力学相区范围。以水、氘材料为例进行实验验证，结果显示，该平台获得的实验数据与理论模型保持良好的一致性。高预压静-动加载实验技术为开展材料宽相区状态方程研究提供了新的实验手段。Abstract: The equation of state of materials under extreme pressure and temperature conditions is the important fundamental data in high energy density physics, planetary science, and inertial confinement fusion research. Traditional shock compression experiments are limited by the initial state of the sample and can usually only cover a limited thermodynamic region. In contrast, the static-dynamic compression technique combining static high pressure and laser-driven dynamic compression can significantly extend the accessible thermodynamic region by changing the initial density of the material. In this work, a high-precompression static-dynamic compression experimental technique for equation-of-state studies over a wide thermodynamic range is developed. By mechanically and optically optimizing the target structure of a Mini-Boehler-type diamond anvil cell (DAC), the static precompression level is successfully increased to as high as 6.2 GPa. The experiments are carried out on the SG-Ⅱ and SG-Ⅱ upgrade laser facilities, and velocity interferometer system for any reflector (VISAR) and a streaked optical pyrometer (SOP) are employed for high-precision diagnostics of the shock process. Meanwhile, under high-precompression conditions, corrections are applied to the standard material equation of state, refractive index, and release path in the impedance-matching method. The experimental results show that this technique significantly increases the initial density of the sample while maintaining good diagnostic signal quality, thereby extending the thermodynamic region accessible by shock compression experiments. Using water and deuterium as representative materials, the experimental data obtained from this platform show good agreement with theoretical models. The high-precompression static-dynamic compression experimental technique established in this work provides a new experimental approach for equation-of-state studies over a wide thermodynamic range.
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Key words:
- shock waves /
- equation of state /
- diamond anvil cell /
- static-dynamic compression /
- warm dense matter
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图 1 (a) 前窗平片式DAC，(b) Mini-Boehler型DAC，(c) Mini-Boehler型DAC加压后样品腔区域的显微内景图像
Figure 1. (a) Conventional flat-anvil DAC; (b) Mini-Boehler type DAC; (c) microscopic inner view of the sample chamber in Mini-Boehler type DAC
图 2 (a) 气体加压DAC靶装配与加压系统示意图，(b) 齿轮盒，(c) DAC靶
Figure 2. (a) Schematic diagram of the gas-loading DAC target assembly and pressurization system; (b) gearbox; (c) DAC target
图 3 (a) 红宝石荧光标定装置，(b) 加压后的光谱谱线
Figure 3. (a) Ruby fluorescence pressure calibration system; (b) fluorescence lines after compression
图 4 3种窗口的抗辐射效应对比结果
Figure 4. Comparison of radiation effects in three window materials
图 6 (a) VISAR原始信号，(b) SOP原始信号（以冲击波进入石英时为零时刻）
Figure 6. (a) Raw images of VISAR; (b) raw images of SOP (Time zero is defined as the moment when the shock wave enters the quartz.)
图 7 阻抗匹配法示意图（绿色实线为石英的Grüneisen模型稀疏线，青色实线为标准材料石英的镜像反演线，紫色实线为石英的Hugoniot线，蓝色和橙色实线分别为石英和样品的Rayleigh线，虚线区间为不确定度）
Figure 7. Schematic of the impedance-matching method (The green solid line represents the release isentrope of quartz based on the Grüneisen model, and the cyan solid line denotes the mirror-reflected Hugoniot of the quartz standard. The purple solid line is the Hugoniot of quartz. The blue and orange solid lines correspond to the Rayleigh lines of quartz and the sample, respectively. The dashed region indicates the uncertainty.)
图 8 氘的压强与密度关系（空心倒三角为Brygoo等[21]的低预压实验数据，实心倒三角为本实验获得的高预压结果，蓝色系虚线与红色实线分别为DFT-MD[42]和WEOS[15, 41]的理论线）
Figure 8. Pressure-density relation of deuterium (Open inverted triangles denote the low-precompression experimental data from Brygoo, et al.[21], while solid inverted triangles represent the high-precompression results from this work. The blue dashed lines and red solid line denote the theoretical curves from DFT-MD[42] and WEOS[15, 41], respectively.)
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