Effect of Torpedo Guidance Nose on Lethality of Shaped Charge Warhead
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摘要: 为了研究鱼雷制导头段结构对水下聚能战斗部毁伤威力的影响，采用AUTODYN有限元分析软件，对不同模拟头段结构条件下聚能侵彻体的毁伤性能进行了数值仿真，分析了不同模拟头段结构下冲击波绕射、靶后载荷传播和毁伤靶板的全过程。研究表明：侵彻体头部速度和后效靶扩孔半径随模拟头段总长度和模拟头段层数的增加而整体呈上升趋势；在一定范围内，增加模拟头段层数可以有效地优化爆炸成型弹丸（explosively formed projectile，EFP）的成型形态，从而提升其后续侵彻能力；在不同模拟头段总长度条件下，存在一个最佳总长度，使侵彻体保持较高头部速度的同时不发生颈缩断裂。Abstract: To investigate the influence of torpedo guidance nose configuration on the lethality of an underwater shaped charge warhead, a series of numerical simulations were performed using the AUTODYN finite element code. The damage performance of the shaped penetrator under different simulated nose structures was studied, and the complete process including shock wave diffraction, behind-target load propagation, and target damage were analyzed. The results indicate that both the penetrator head velocity and the diameter of hole in after-effect target generally increase with the total length and number of layers of the simulated nose. Within a certain range, increasing the number of nose layers effectively optimizes the formation of the explosively formed projectile (EFP), thereby enhancing its penetration capability. Furthermore, there exists an optimal total nose length that maximizes the head velocity while preventing necking and fracture of the penetrator.
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图 8 不同模拟头段层数下EFP侵彻体成型
Figure 8. Formation of EFP penetrators with different nose layer numbers
图 9 模拟头段层数对后效靶挠度的影响
Figure 9. Effect of number of nose layers on deflection of residual target
图 10 模拟头段层数对聚能战斗部毁伤威力的影响
Figure 10. Effect of number of nose layers on lethality of shaped charge warhead
图 11 不同模拟头段总长度条件下形成的EFP侵彻体
Figure 11. EFP penetrators formed by nose sections with different total lengths
图 13 模拟头段总长度对聚能战斗部毁伤威力的影响
Figure 13. Effect of total nose length on lethality of shaped charge warhead
表 1 模拟头段层数与单层铝靶板厚度的关系
Table 1. Relationship between the number of nose layers and the thickness of a single aluminum target plate
M h/mm M h/mm 1 10.0 4 2.5 2 5.0 5 2.0 3 3.3 
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表 2 PBX-9501炸药的材料参数
Table 2. Material parameters of PBX-9501 explosive
ρ/(g·cm−3) De/(m·s−1) Ae/GPa Be/GPa R1 R2 ω E/(J·mm−3) 1.84 8800 85.24 1.802 4.55 1.3 0.38 10.2
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表 3 紫铜的材料参数
Table 3. Material parameters of copper
ρ/(g·cm−3) C1/(m·s−1) C2/(m·s−1) S1 S2 Г 8.9 3958 0 1.497 0 2.0
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表 4 4340钢的材料参数
Table 4. Material parameters of 4340 steel
ρ/(g·cm−3) A/GPa B/GPa n C 7.83 0.792 0.51 0.26 0.014
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表 5 水的材料参数
Table 5. Material parameters of water
ρ/(g·cm−3) A1/GPa A2/GPa A3/GPa B0 B1 1.0 2.2 9.54 14.57 0.28 0.28
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