Ignition Characteristic of Bridgewire Electric Ignition Element in Limited Space
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摘要: 桥丝式电点火头作为常用的点火元件，在有限空间内的发火特性是其传爆精确性和可靠性的体现。通过制备测试样品模拟桥丝式电点火头发火的有限空间，设计桥丝式电点火元件发火参数测试系统，测试了电点火元件发火过程的时间结构、有限空间内气体压力以及发火光强等参数；采用高速相机拍摄电点火元件发火的动态过程，建立了电点火元件有限空间内发火动态过程的物理模型。研究表明：随着点火电压的增大，桥丝的相变时间缩短，等离子体阶段的持续时间增加，随后趋于稳定，电点火头的发火时间在5.6 ms左右波动，发火压力时间及发火光强时间在3.0～5.0 ms范围内有界波动。点火电压达到20 V后，发火特性参数趋于稳定，能够可靠输出均匀的点火能量，用于点燃下一序列装药。在气室有限空间内，电点火元件发火动态过程可分为桥丝升温加热药剂、药剂发火、热流扩散和冲击波反射4个阶段。Abstract: As a common ignition element, the ignition characteristic in limited space of a bridgewire electric ignition element (EIE) is the internal embodiment of its precision and reliability as an explosion-transfer sequence. The limited space environment of bridgewire electric fusehead ignition is simulated by preparing test samples and the test system of the ignition parameter is designed to test the time structure of the ignition process, the gas pressure, ignition light intensity and other parameters in limited space; using the high-speed camera to test the dynamic ignition process of the EIE, a physical model of ignition in the limited space of EIE is established. The research shows that with the increase of the ignition voltage, the phase transition time of the bridgewire is shortened, the duration of the plasma stage increases, and then tends to stabilize. The ignition time of the electric fusehead fluctuates at about 5.6 ms, and the ignition pressure time and the ignition light intensity time are maintained in the 3.0–5.0 ms range. After the ignition voltage reaches 20 V, the ignition characteristic parameters tend to be stable, and it can reliably output uniform ignition energy for igniting the next sequence of charging. In the limited space of the air chamber, the dynamic process of EIE can be divided into four stages: bridgewire heating up and heating fusehead agent, fusehead agent ignition, heat flow diffusion and shock wave reflection.
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Key words:
- limited space /
- electric ignition element /
- ignition pressure /
- ignition voltage
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图 2 电点火头发火参数测试系统示意图
Figure 2. Schematic diagram for the experimental setup of the electric fusehead for testing the ignition parameters
图 3 点火电压为5、20和60 V时电点火头的发火信号
Figure 3. Ignition signals of the electric fusehead at 5, 20 and 60 V ignition voltages
图 4 电点火头的发火时间参数随点火电压的变化关系
Figure 4. Ignition time parameters of the electric fusehead changing with ignition voltage
图 5 电点火头的发火压力峰值和发火光强峰值随点火电压的变化
Figure 5. Peak ignition pressure and peak ignition light intensity of the electric fusehead changing with ignition voltage
图 6 桥丝和电点火头发火过程的高速摄影图像
Figure 6. High-speed photographic images of the firing process evolution of bridgewire and electric fusehead
图 7 桥丝式电点火头发火历程物理模型
Figure 7. Physical modelling of the firing process evolution of bridgewire electric fusehead
表 1 电点火头的发火参数
Table 1. Ignition parameters of the electric fusehead
U/V ti/ms tp/ms tg/ms pm/MPa Vg/mV 5 9.174 4.526 3.814 0.483 4 437.42 10 7.069 2.456 2.565 0.395 9 517.20 15 8.173 3.360 1.770 0.343 4 518.11 20 6.863 3.134 1.708 0.231 4 452.72 25 7.410 4.350 3.180 0.267 2 448.40 30 6.486 3.820 2.220 0.255 2 465.64 35 6.803 2.626 2.335 0.265 5 426.15 40 5.930 3.820 2.278 0.243 4 436.16 45 5.540 3.554 2.970 0.236 8 415.59 50 5.239 3.537 2.800 0.237 2 437.26 55 5.682 4.446 3.721 0.226 9 424.99 60 5.530 4.860 4.454 0.256 2 439.03 70 5.781 4.801 3.954 0.243 0 430.81 80 5.700 4.207 3.334 0.253 2 434.82 90 5.626 4.745 3.911 0.250 8 430.33 
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