基于RHT本构模型的连续装药预裂爆破孔距优化研究

张伟; 王建国; 王勉; 陶家龙

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20240834

基于RHT本构模型的连续装药预裂爆破孔距优化研究

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20240834

张伟^1,,
王建国^{1, 2,*, ,},
王勉¹,
陶家龙¹

1.
昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院, 云南昆明　650093
2.
云南省教育厅爆破新技术工程研究中心, 云南昆明　650093

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52274083）；云南省基础研究计划（202201AT070178）；云南省重大科技专项计划项目（202102AG050024）

详细信息

作者简介:
张　伟（1999－），男，硕士研究生，主要从事爆炸与冲击理论、爆破技术与应用研究. E-mail：18304123916@163.com

通讯作者:
王建国（1987－），男，博士，副教授，主要从事岩石动力学、爆炸与冲击理论、爆破技术与应用研究. E-mail：wangjg0831@163.com

中图分类号: O346; O521.9
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-06-25
- 修回日期: 2024-07-23
- 录用日期: 2024-08-11
- 网络出版日期: 2024-12-10
- 刊出日期: 2024-01-05

Optimization Study of Pre-Splitting Hole Spacing for Continuous Charging Based on RHT Constitutive Model

ZHANG Wei^1
,,
WANG Jianguo^{1, 2,*
, ,},
WANG Mian¹,
TAO Jialong¹

1.
Faculty of Land Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
2.
Advanced Blasting Technology Engineering Research Center of Yunnan Province Education Department, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China

摘要

摘要: 为解决北衙金矿在使用预裂爆破技术时整体爆破效果不佳的问题，基于RHT损伤本构模型，利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA数值模拟软件，开展了不同孔距下预裂爆破的数值模拟研究。结果表明：当预裂孔炮孔间距为120 cm时，孔间裂纹存在较为明显的分叉，且裂纹扩展范围较大；当炮孔间距为130 cm时，裂纹向四周扩展的范围减小，且炮孔周围岩石的损伤程度明显降低；当炮孔间距增加至140 cm时，相邻预裂孔连线上的裂纹仅在局部连通，无法实现孔间贯穿。上述结果说明，130 cm的炮孔间距在降低预裂爆破自身对岩体的扰动与实现有效爆破成缝之间达到了平衡。基于数值模拟试验结果开展了现场试验，爆破效果良好。研究结果可为矿山的预裂爆破设计和施工提供参考。
- 预裂爆破 /
- 连续装药 /
- 孔距优化 /
- RHT本构模型
Abstract: In order to solve the problem of poor overall blasting effect when using pre-splitting blasting technology in Beiya gold mine, based on RHT damage constitutive model, numerical simulation research on pre-splitting blasting under different hole spacings was carried out by using ANSYS/LS-DYNA numerical simulation software. The results show that when the hole spacing of pre-splitting hole is set to 120 cm, the crack between holes has obvious bifurcation and the crack propagation range is large. When the hole spacing is set to 130 cm, the crack propagation range decreases within the surrounding area, and the rock damage around the blast hole is obviously reduced. When the hole spacing is further increased to 140 cm, it is found that the cracks on the connecting line of adjacent pre-splitting holes are only locally connected and cannot penetrate through holes. It shows that the 130 cm hole spacing has reached an ideal balance between reducing the disturbance of the pre-splitting blasting itself to the rock mass and achieving effective blasting. Based on the results of numerical simulation, the site test has achieved good blasting effect. The research results can provide reference for the design and construction of pre-splitting blasting in similar mines.
- pre-splitting blasting /
- continuous charge /
- hole spacing optimization /
- RHT constitutive model

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图 1 试件加工及测试的仪器

Figure 1. Instrument of specimen processing and testing

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图 2 失效面参数拟合曲线

Figure 2. Failure surface parameter fitting curve

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图 3 0.3 MPa下灰岩的破碎情况

Figure 3. Limestone crushing under 0.3 MPa

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图 4 室内冲击试验布局

Figure 4. Layout of indoor impact test

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图 5 SHPB冲击试验波形

Figure 5. Waveforms obtained by SHPB impact test

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图 6 数值模拟得到的波形

Figure 6. Waveforms obtained by numerical simulation

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图 7 调整优化后的应力-应变曲线对比

Figure 7. Comparison of stress-strain curves after adjustment and optimization

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图 8 单孔爆破模型

Figure 8. Single-hole blasting model

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图 9 单孔爆破近区损伤结果（y=0）

Figure 9. Near-field damage results of single-hole blasting (y=0)

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图 10 模型示意图

Figure 10. Model diagram

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图 11 炮孔间距为120 cm时预裂面的损伤情况

Figure 11. Pre-splitting surface damage at hole spacing of 120 cm

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图 12 炮孔间距为120 cm时孔间裂纹的扩展情况

Figure 12. Inter-hole crack propagation at hole spacing of 120 cm

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图 13 不同炮孔间距下孔间岩石的损伤情况

Figure 13. Inter-hole rock damage under different hole spacings

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图 14 不同炮孔间距下预裂缝的贯穿情况

Figure 14. Pre-crack penetration under different hole spacings

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图 15 装药结构与现场爆后效果

Figure 15. Charging structure and on-site post-explosion effect

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表 1 灰岩的静力学参数

Table 1. Limestone’s statics parameters

${\rho }_{0}$ /(g∙cm⁻³)	$f\mathrm{_c}$ /MPa	$f\mathrm{_t}$ /MPa	$E$ /GPa	ν	c₀/(m·s⁻¹)
2.68	51.95	2.62	5.08	0.28	3605

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表 2 不同围压下岩石的力学参数

Table 2. Mechanic parameters of rock under different confining pressures

${\sigma }_{1}$ /MPa	${\sigma }_{2}/\mathrm{M}\mathrm{P}\mathrm{a}$	${\sigma }_{3}$ /MPa	${p}_{0}^{*}$	$\sigma_{\mathrm{f}}^*$
51.95	0	0	0.33	1.00
188.84	20	20	1.47	3.25
271.18	40	40	2.25	4.45
340.01	60	60	2.95	5.39
401.57	80	80	3.60	6.19

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表 3 灰岩的RHT本构参数

Table 3. RHT constitutive parameters of limestone

$f\mathrm{_c}$ /MPa	$f_{\mathrm{\;t}}^{\mathrm{*}}$	D₁	G	$\varepsilon_{\mathrm{p}}^{\mathrm{m}}$	${p}_{\mathrm{e}\mathrm{l}}$ /MPa	X_I	A	N	Q₀
51.95	0.05	0.04	1.98	0.01	39.93	0.5	2.605	0.689	0.68

B	$\beta\mathrm{_c}$	$\beta\mathrm{_t}$	B₁	B₀	$n_{\mathrm{p}}$	$g_{\mathrm{t}}^{\mathrm{*}}$	A_f	$f_{\mathrm{s}}^{\mathrm{*}}$	T₁/GPa
0.05	0.02	0.025	1.6	1.6	3	0.7	0.27	0.17	34.83

A₁/GPa	A₂/GPa	A₃/GPa	$g_{\mathrm{c}}^{\mathrm{*}}$	N_f	${p}_{\mathrm{c}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{m}\mathrm{p}}$ /MPa	T₂
34.83	55.73	30.3	0.8	0.63	0.06	0

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表 4 2#岩石乳化炸药物理力学参数

Table 4. Physical and mechanical parameters of 2# rock emulsion explosive

${\rho }_{0}/$ (g·cm⁻³)	$D/$ (m·s⁻¹)	$p\mathrm{_J}/\text{GPa}$	$A\mathrm{_{e_{ }}}/\text{GPa}$	$B\mathrm{_e}/\text{GPa}$	${R}_{1}$	${R}_{2}$	$\omega$	${e}_{0}/\text{GPa}$
1.25	3200	9.53	276.2	8.44	5.2	2.1	0.57	3.87

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表 5 预裂爆破的爆破参数

Table 5. Blasting parameters of pre-splitting blasting

d/mm	D/cm	H/m	L/m	l/m
115	130	12	9	3

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