单轴压缩条件下软硬互层类岩石的声发射特性与裂纹类型演化

王峥; 郭佳奇; 高锋辉; 程立攀; 田永超

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20240812

单轴压缩条件下软硬互层类岩石的声发射特性与裂纹类型演化

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20240812

王峥^1,,
郭佳奇¹,
高锋辉^{2, 3, 4,*, ,},
程立攀⁵,
田永超¹

1.
河南理工大学土木工程学院, 河南焦作　454000
2.
河南省第一地质矿产调查院有限公司, 河南洛阳　471023
3.
河南省金银多金属成矿系列与深部预测重点实验室, 河南洛阳　471023
4.
自然资源部贵金属分析与勘查技术重点实验室, 河南洛阳　471023
5.
武汉理工大学土木工程与建筑学院, 湖北武汉　430070

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（42302327）；陕西省公路桥梁与隧道重点实验室（长安大学）开放基金（300102211517）；企业委托科研课题（H23-841）

详细信息

作者简介:
王　峥（2001－），男，硕士研究生，主要从事隧道与地下工程防灾减灾研究. E-mail：wzheng0301@163.com

通讯作者:
高锋辉（1981－），男，本科，工程师，主要从事地质勘查及矿产开发研究. E-mail：wyqwyx001@163.com

中图分类号: O521.9; O346.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-05-13
- 修回日期: 2024-05-27
- 录用日期: 2024-09-02
- 网络出版日期: 2024-10-15

Acoustic Emission Characteristics and Crack Types Evolution of Soft and Hard Interbedded Rock-Like Specimens under Uniaxial Compression

WANG Zheng^1
,,
GUO Jiaqi¹,
GAO Fenghui^{2, 3, 4,*
, ,},
CHENG Lipan⁵,
TIAN Yongchao¹

1.
School of Civil Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan, China
2.
Henan First Geology and Mineral Survey Institute Co., Ltd., Luoyang 471023, Henan, China
3.
Key Laboratory of Au-Ag-Polymetallic Deposit Series and Deep-Seated Metallogenic Prognosis of Henan Province, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China
4.
Key Laboratory of Precious Metals Analysis and Exploration Technology, MNR, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China
5.
School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China

摘要

摘要: 为进一步揭示不同层理倾角的软硬互层岩在单轴压缩下的声发射特性和裂纹扩展规律，采用类岩石材料制备了软硬互层类岩石试样，基于搭载DS-5型声发射监测系统的RMT-150B型岩石力学试验系统，开展了不同层理倾角（0°、30°、45°、60°和90°）的软硬互层类岩石试样的单轴压缩试验，分析了层理倾角对岩样声发射特性、损伤演化和裂纹扩展的影响。结果表明：试样的声发射活动呈现明显的阶段性特征，且不同层理倾角下其分布特征具有明显差异，声发射特征参数表现出明显的层面效应，声发射累计振铃计数和累计能量随着层理倾角的增大先减小后增大；低频-超高幅信号的突然出现或占比增加可作为软硬互层类岩石试样的破坏前兆，低角度（0°、30°）试样表现为大尺度裂纹稳步扩展破坏，中角度（45°、60°）试样为大尺度裂纹突发失稳扩展破坏，高角度（90°）试样为小尺度裂纹突发失稳扩展破坏，60°层理倾角为试样破坏的最不利角度；试样的损伤累积过程同样具有明显的阶段性特征，在峰值应力前，试样的损伤累积主要集中在高速率损伤阶段，中等角度（45°、60°）的层理面加快了试样的损伤累积过程；不同层理倾角对软硬互层类岩石试样的拉剪裂纹演化的影响差异明显，水平层理面促进了拉剪裂纹的产生，层理倾角的逐渐增大促进了类岩石试样拉剪裂纹的发育，在层理面与岩石基体共同作用下，随着层理倾角的逐渐增大，类岩石试样的剪切裂纹占比先增大后减小，且剪切裂纹数目处于较高水平。研究结果对地下工程围岩结构的稳定性评估具有一定的参考作用。
- 软硬互层类岩石 /
- 声发射 /
- 层面效应 /
- 损伤演化 /
- 裂纹类型
Abstract: In order to further reveal the acoustic emission characteristics and crack propagation law of soft and hard interbedded rock with different bedding plane dip angles under uniaxial compression, the soft and hard interbedded rock-like samples were prepared by rock-like materials. Based on the RMT-150B rock mechanics test system equipped with DS-5 acoustic emission monitoring system, uniaxial compression experiments were carried out on soft and hard interbedded rock-like samples with different bedding plane dip angles (0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°). Accordingly, the influences of bedding plane dip angle on acoustic emission characteristics, damage evolution and crack propagation of rock samples were analyzed. The results show that the acoustic emission activity of the sample presents obvious stage characteristics, and its distribution characteristics are obviously different under different bedding plane dip angles. The acoustic emission characteristic parameters show obvious bedding effect, and the cumulative ringing count and cumulative energy of acoustic emission decrease first and then increase with the increase of bedding plane dip angle. The sudden appearance or increase in the proportion of low frequency-ultra high amplitude signals can be used as a precursor information for the failure of soft-hard interbedded rock samples. The failure of low-angle (0° and 30°) samples is the steady expansion of large-scale cracks. The failure of medium-angle (45° and 60°) samples is the sudden instability expansion of large-scale cracks. The failure of high-angle (90°) samples is the sudden instability expansion of small-scale cracks. The dip angle of 60° is the most unfavorable angle for sample failure. The damage accumulation process of the specimens also has obvious stage characteristics. Before the peak stress, the damage accumulation of the specimens is mainly concentrated in the high rate damage stage, and the medium angle (45° and 60°) bedding surfaces accelerate the damage accumulation process of the specimens. The influence of different bedding plane dip angles on the evolution of tensile-shear cracks in soft-hard interbedded rock-like samples is obviously different. The horizontal bedding plane promotes the generation of tensile-shear cracks, and the gradual increase of bedding plane inclination angle promotes the development of tensile-shear cracks in rock-like samples. Under the joint action of bedding plane and rock matrix, with the gradual increase of bedding plane dip angle, the proportion of shear cracks in rock-like samples increases first and then decreases, and the number of shear cracks is at a high level. The research results have certain reference value for the stability evaluation of surrounding rock structure in underground engineering.
- soft and hard interbedded rocks /
- acoustic emission /
- bedding effect /
- damage evolution /
- crack types

HTML全文

图 1 软硬互层类岩石试样加工及层理布置

Figure 1. Processing and bedding layout of soft and hard interbedded rock-like specimens

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图 2 试验系统

Figure 2. Test system

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图 3 不同层理倾角下软硬互层类岩石试样的AE振铃计数分布规律

Figure 3. Distribution of AE ringing counts of soft and hard interbedded rock-like specimens with different bedding plane dip angles

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图 4 不同层理倾角下软硬互层类岩石试样的AE能量分布规律

Figure 4. Distribution of AE energy of soft and hard interbedded rock-like specimens with different bedding plane dip angles

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图 5 不同层理倾角下软硬互层类岩石试样的振幅、峰值频率分布规律

Figure 5. Distribution of amplitude and peak frequency of soft and hard interbedded rock-like specimens with different bedding plane dip angles

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图 6 不同层理倾角下软硬互层类岩石试样的AE累计振铃计数、AE累计能量和低频-超高幅信号占比

Figure 6. AE cumulative ringing counts, AE cumulative energy and the ratio of low frequency-ultrahigh amplitude signals of layered composite rock-like specimens with different bedding plane dip angles

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图 7 不同层理倾角下软硬互层类岩石试样的损伤变量

Figure 7. Damage quantity of layered composite rock-like specimens with different bedding plane dip angles

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图 8 通过声发射特征参数对拉伸和剪切裂纹的分类

Figure 8. Classification of tensile and shear cracks by acoustic emission characteristic parameters

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图 9 不同层理倾角下软硬互层类岩石试样的RA-AF散点密度分布

Figure 9. RA-AF scatter density distribution of soft and hard interbedded rock-like specimens with different bedding plane dip angles

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图 10 不同层理倾角下软硬互层类岩石试样的拉剪裂纹分布规律

Figure 10. Distribution law of tensile shear cracks in soft and hard interbedded rock-like specimens with different bedding plane dip angles

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表 1 2种类岩石材料的质量比和材料参数

Table 1. Mass ratio and material parameters of the two kinds of rock-like materials

Material Color Mass ratio f_c/MPa E/GPa

Hard layers White 1∶0.6∶0.1∶0.5 39.90 10.07

Soft layers Black 1∶0.20∶0.40∶0.65 9.47 2.00

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