弹体侵彻混凝土的优化模型及可视化仿真研究

苏永超; 宁建国; 许香照

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20240811

弹体侵彻混凝土的优化模型及可视化仿真研究

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20240811

北京理工大学爆炸科学与安全防护全国重点实验室, 北京　100081

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（12372350）

详细信息

作者简介:
苏永超（1999－），男，硕士研究生，主要从事侵彻力学及可视化研究. E-mail：s15802440892@163.com

通讯作者:
许香照（1989－），男，博士，特别副研究员，主要从事冲击动力学研究. E-mail：xzxu@bit.edu.cn

中图分类号: O346.5; O521.9
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- 文章访问数: 319
- HTML全文浏览量: 80
- PDF下载量: 40
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-05-13
- 修回日期: 2024-05-31
- 录用日期: 2024-09-18
- 网络出版日期: 2024-12-02
- 刊出日期: 2025-04-03

Optimization Model and Visualization Simulation of Projectile Penetration into Concrete

State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

摘要

摘要: 利用可视化仿真技术研究弹体侵彻混凝土的毁伤机理和靶板响应是爆炸冲击领域的重要课题。混凝土作为常见的建筑材料，在遭受爆炸冲击或高速弹体侵彻时，其毁伤行为复杂多变。介绍了一种理论研究与可视化技术相结合的可视化仿真方法。基于空腔膨胀理论建立了优化的侵彻计算模型，可以预测弹体侵彻混凝土的侵彻深度特征。利用可视化物理引擎，对弹体运动轨迹、开坑孔径、靶板损伤、碎石飞溅等进行了细致的表征处理和仿真，增强了场景的真实性和可靠性。开发的可视化仿真系统不仅能够从多角度观察弹体侵彻混凝土的过程，而且能够高效、准确地分析和预测弹体侵彻混凝土靶的损伤行为和动力响应，在建筑工程设计和安全评估中具有重要的应用前景，为理解和探索混凝土侵彻机理提供了新的视角。
- 弹体侵彻 /
- 混凝土 /
- 可视化仿真 /
- 物理引擎
Abstract: Using visual simulation technology to investigate the damage mechanism and target response of projectile penetration into concrete is an important research topic in the field of explosive impact. Concrete, as a common building material, has complex and varied damage behavior when subjected to explosive impact or high-speed projectile penetration. Herein, a visual simulation method is introduced, which is based on the combination of theoretical research and visualization technology. An optimized model of penetration calculation is established based on the theory of cavity expansion, which can predict the characteristics of the penetration depth of concrete penetrated by the projectile. Using a visualization physics engine, the trajectory of the projectile, the aperture of the open pit, the damage of the target slab, and the debris splash are carefully characterized and simulated, which enhances to the realism and reliability of the scene. The developed visual simulation system can not only observe the process of projectile penetration into concrete from multiple perspectives, but also efficiently and accurately analyze and predict the damage behavior and dynamic response of projectile penetration into concrete targets. It has important application prospects in the design and safety assessment of construction projects, providing a novel perspectives for understanding and exploring the mechanism of concrete penetration.
- projectile penetration /
- concrete /
- visual simulation /
- physics engine

HTML全文

图 1 13.5～36.2 MPa评价指标

Figure 1. 13.5–36.2 MPa regression evaluation indicator

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图 2 51.0～62.8 MPa评价指标

Figure 2. 51.0–62.8 MPa regression evaluation indicator

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图 3 优化模型预测结果的误差对比

Figure 3. Comparison of errors in the prediction results of the optimisation model

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图 4 孔洞与裂缝纹理

Figure 4. Hole and crack texture

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图 5 孔洞计算函数

Figure 5. Hole calculation function

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图 6 碎石材质纹理

Figure 6. Gravel material texture

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图 7 烟雾材质纹理

Figure 7. Smoke material texture

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图 8 毁伤效果

Figure 8. Destruction effect

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图 9 可视化系统结构

Figure 9. Structure of the visualization system

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图 10 仿真模块之间的关系

Figure 10. Relationship of simulation modules

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图 11 弹体参数输入

Figure 11. Input of projectile parameters

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图 12 靶体参数输入

Figure 12. Input of target parameters

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图 13 数据传递接收

Figure 13. Data transmission reception

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图 14 数据对比

Figure 14. Comparison of data

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图 15 侵彻过程对比

Figure 15. Comparison of penetration processes

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图 16 毁伤对比

Figure 16. Comparison of destruction

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表 1 30.5 mm口径弹体侵彻51.0 MPa靶板（ρ=2300 kg/m³）深度实验数据

Table 1. Experimental data on the depth of penetration of a 30.5 mm projectile into a 51.0 MPa target slab (ρ=2300 kg/m³)

m/kg	v/(m·s⁻¹)	H_exp/m	H_LMC/m	$\delta_{\rm{LMC}}$ /%	H_MCT/m	$\delta_{\rm{MCT}}$ /%	H_LNC/m	$\delta_{\rm{LNC}}$ /%
1.60	405	0.37	0.28	25.02	0.28	23.87	0.23	37.79
	446	0.42	0.33	20.53	0.34	19.19	0.28	33.66
	545	0.56	0.49	12.69	0.50	10.90	0.41	26.04
	651	0.78	0.69	12.14	0.70	9.99	0.59	24.42
	804	1.05	1.04	1.10	1.07	1.94	0.91	12.93
	821	1.23	1.08	11.96	1.12	9.18	0.96	22.28
	900	1.41	1.30	7.53	1.35	4.30	1.17	17.37
	1 009	1.75	1.65	5.91	1.71	2.15	1.50	14.50
	1 069	1.96	1.85	5.39	1.93	1.36	1.70	13.24
	1 201	2.03	2.36	16.20	2.47	21.87	2.21	8.70

m/kg	v/(m·s⁻¹)	H_exp/m	H_HMC/m	$\delta_{\rm{HMC}}$ /%	H_HMCT/m	$\delta_{\rm{HMCT}}$ /%	H_HNC/m	$\delta_{\rm{HNC}}$ /%
1.60	405	0.37	0.29	21.88	0.32	13.51	0.24	34.55
	446	0.42	0.35	16.85	0.39	8.14	0.29	30.19
	545	0.56	0.52	7.79	0.57	1.40	0.44	22.17
	651	0.78	0.73	6.41	0.80	2.51	0.62	20.47
	804	1.05	1.12	6.48	1.22	16.13	0.96	8.40
	821	1.23	1.17	5.11	1.27	3.45	1.01	18.25
	900	1.41	1.41	0.10	1.54	8.99	1.23	13.11
	1 009	1.75	1.79	2.37	1.95	11.34	1.57	10.14
	1 069	1.96	2.02	3.15	2.20	12.18	1.79	8.85
	1 201	2.03	2.58	27.13	2.81	38.34	2.32	14.10

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表 2 实验验证数据

Table 2. Experimental validation data

Case	Projectile			Target slab		v/(m·s⁻¹)	H/m
Case	m/kg	d/mm	$\delta_{\rm{CRH}}$	f_c/MPa	ρ/(kg·m⁻³)	v/(m·s⁻¹)	H/m
1	1.600	30.5	3	51.0	2300	545	0.560
2	1.600	30.5	3	51.0	2300	1 201	2.030
3	0.478	20.3	3	58.4	2320	610	0.491
4	0.478	20.3	3	58.4	2320	1 009	1.300
5	1.620	30.5	3	58.4	2320	445	0.460
6	1.620	30.5	3	58.4	2320	980	1.950
7	0.480	20.3	3	62.8	2300	821	0.760

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表 3 系统测试数据对比

Table 3. Comparison of system test data

Case	H/m		Error/%
Case	Experiment	Systematic prediction	Error/%
1	0.560	0.642	14.6
2	2.030	2.434	19.9
3	0.491	0.500	1.8
4	1.300	1.185	8.8
5	0.460	0.428	6.9
6	1.950	1.697	12.9
7	0.760	0.819	7.7

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