水下接触爆炸作用下金属/CFRP复合层合板的防护性能

赵豫熙; 袁浩天; 王须民; 张之凡

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20240801

水下接触爆炸作用下金属/CFRP复合层合板的防护性能

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20240801

大连理工大学船舶工程学院工业装备结构分析国家重点实验室, 辽宁大连　116024

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52271307，52061135107，52192692）；中央高校基本科研业务费（DUT20TD108）；辽宁省兴辽英才计划（XLYC1908027）；大连市重点领域创新团队（2020RT03）

详细信息

作者简介:
赵豫熙（2000－），男，硕士研究生，主要从事水下爆炸与舰船防护研究. E-mail：zyx1758654186@163.com

通讯作者:
张之凡（1990－），女，博士，副教授，主要从事水下爆炸与舰船防护研究. E-mail：zhifanzhang@dlut.edu.cn

中图分类号: O382.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-04-23
- 修回日期: 2024-06-02
- 网络出版日期: 2024-09-02

Protective Properties of Metal/CFRP Composite Laminates Subjected to Underwater Contact Explosion

State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, School of Naval Architecture, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China

摘要

摘要: 碳纤维增强复合材料（carbon fiber-reinforced polymer，CFRP）具有优异的抗爆性能，逐渐被应用于舰船结构的抗爆抗冲击设计中。为了探究水下接触爆炸作用下金属/CFRP复合层合板的防护性能，基于任意拉格朗日-欧拉方法，建立了水下接触爆炸对金属/CFRP复合层合板毁伤的流固耦合数值模型，分析了层合板在承受水下爆炸载荷后的变形和吸能特点，比较了不同铺层方式对结构抗爆性能的影响，结果显示，钢/CFRP/钢结构的抗爆性能较优。针对钢/CFRP/钢结构，探究了CFRP的厚度对吸能效果的影响，并进行了厚度优化，得到了较优的厚度比，即1.1∶4.0∶1.1。
- 碳纤维增强复合材料 /
- 水下接触爆炸 /
- 层合板 /
- 抗爆性能 /
- 吸能
Abstract: Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) with excellent blast-resistant performances is gradually applied in the anti-shock design of warships. In order to investigate the protective performance of metal/CFRP composite laminates subjected to underwater contact explosion, a fluid-structure coupling numerical model was established based on arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method. The deformation and energy absorption characteristics of laminates were analyzed, and the effect of layup types on the blast-resistant performance was compared. The results show that steel-CFRP-steel structure had better blast-resistant performance. On the basis of this structure, the optimal thickness ratio was given as 1.1∶4.0∶1.1.
- carbon fiber-reinforced polymer /
- contact underwater explosion /
- laminate /
- blast resistance performance /
- energy absorption

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图 1 实验^[25]与数值仿真结果的对比

Figure 1. Comparison of experimental^[25] and numerical simulation results

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图 2 水下爆炸作用下实验^[26] 和数值仿真得到的靶板变形

Figure 2. Target plate deformation of experiment^[26] and numerical simulation under underwater explosion

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图 3 水下爆炸对靶板作用的有限元模型

Figure 3. Finite element model of underwater explosion on target plate

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图 4 不同爆距处冲击波峰值压力随网格尺寸的变化

Figure 4. Variation of peak pressure of shock wave with grid size at different detonation distances

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图 5 作用于靶板的水下爆炸冲击波压力

Figure 5. Shock wave pressure of underwater explosion on target plate

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图 6 工况4中不同时刻层合板中各层的Mises应力

Figure 6. Mises stress of each layer of laminates at different times in Case 4

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图 7 t=300 μs时工况1～工况5中靶板的位移

Figure 7. Displacements of target plates at t=300 μs in Case 1−Case 5

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图 8 工况1中气泡的脉动过程

Figure 8. Bubble pulsation process in Case 1

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图 9 工况4中气泡的脉动过程

Figure 9. Bubble pulsation process in Case 4

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图 10 靶板中心挠度变化曲线

Figure 10. Change curve of center deflection of target plate

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图 11 计算终止时刻工况1～工况5中的靶板位移

Figure 11. Displacements of target plates at the termination time in Case 1−Case 5

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图 12 工况1～工况5中靶板各层的内能及其占比

Figure 12. Internal energy and its proportion of each layer of the target plate in Case 1−Case 5

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图 13 计算终止时刻工况6～工况10中的靶板位移

Figure 13. Displacements of target plates at the termination time in Case 6−Case 10

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表 1 RDX的材料模型及JWL状态方程参数^[21]

Table 1. Parameters of RDX material model and JWL equation of state^[21]

Density/(g·cm⁻³)	A/GPa	B/GPa	R₁	R₂	ω	D/(m·s⁻¹)	e/(GJ·m⁻³)	p_CJ/GPa
1.69	850	18	4.6	1.3	0.38	8310	10	30.15

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表 2 空气的材料参数^[22]

Table 2. Material parameters of air^[22]

Density/(kg·m⁻³)	C₀	C₁	C₂	C₃	C₄	C₅	e/(J·cm⁻³)
1.293	0	0	0	0	0.4	0.4	0.25

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表 3 水的材料参数^[23]

Table 3. Material parameters of water^[23]

Density/(g·cm⁻³)	c/(m·s⁻¹)	S₁	S₂	S₃	γ₀	v₀
1	1647	1.92	−0.096	0	0.35	1

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表 4 Q235钢的材料参数^[22]

Table 4. Material parameters of Q235 steel^[22]

Density/(g·cm⁻³)	E/GPa	μ	σ₀/MPa	E_T/MPa	C/s⁻¹	P
7.83	207	0.3	235	375	40.4	5

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表 5 CFRP的材料参数^[24]

Table 5. Material properties of CFRP^[24]

Density/(g·cm⁻³)	E_a/GPa	E_b/GPa	G_ab/GPa	G_bc/GPa	G_ca/GPa
1.53	53.81	53.81	5.8	2.9	2.9

μ	X_t/MPa	X_c/MPa	Y_t/MPa	Y_c/MPa
0.04	680	741	800	728

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表 6 实验^[25]与数值仿真结果的对比

Table 6. Comparison of experimental^[25] and numerical simulation results

Method	r_max/m	t_b1/ms	T_b/ms
Experiment	0.50	50	94
Simulation	0.54	45	92
Relative error/%	8	−10	−2.13

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表 7 TNT炸药的材料模型及JWL方程参数^[23]

Table 7. Parameters of TNT material model and JWL equation^[23]

Density/(g·cm⁻³)	A/GPa	B/GPa	R₁	R₂	ω	D/(m·s⁻¹)	E/(GJ·m⁻³)	p_CJ/GPa
1.63	371	7.43	4.15	0.95	0.3	6930	7	27

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表 8 低碳钢的材料参数^[26]

Table 8. Material parameters of mild steel^[26]

Density/(g·cm⁻³)	E/GPa	μ	σ₀/MPa	E_T/MPa
7.86	210	0.3	300	250

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表 9 工况 1～工况5中靶板的设置

Table 9. Target plates setup in Case 1−Case 5

Case	Target plate (thickness)	$ {\rho }_{\mathrm{t}} $/(g·cm⁻²)
1	Q235 steel (3.0 mm)	2.349
2	CFRP (5.0 mm, face plate)/Q235 steel (2.0 mm)	2.331
3	CFRP (5.0 mm, back plate)/Q235 steel (2.0 mm)	2.331
4	Q235 steel (1.0 mm)/CFRP (5.0 mm)/Q235 steel (1.0 mm)	2.331
5	CFRP (2.5 mm)/Q235 steel (2.0 mm)/CFRP (2.5 mm)	2.331

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表 10 工况1～工况5中靶板的总内能

Table 10. Total internal energy of target plate in Case 1−Case 5

Case	Target plate (thickness)	E_tot/J	$ \gamma $
1	Q235 steel (3.0 mm)	5691.3	1
2	CFRP (5.0 mm, face plate)/Q235 steel (2.0 mm)	5287.4	0.929
3	CFRP (5.0 mm, back plate)/Q235 steel (2.0 mm)	5985.5	1.052
4	Q235 steel (1.0 mm)/CFRP (5.0 mm)/Q235 steel (1.0 mm)	6022.4	1.058
5	CFRP (2.5 mm)/Q235 steel (2.0 mm)/CFRP (2.5 mm)	4917.9	0.864

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表 11 工况6～工况10中的靶板设置

Table 11. Target plates setup in Case 6−Case 10

Case	Target plate (thickness)	$ {\rho }_{\rm t} $/(g·cm⁻²)
6	Q235 steel (1.3 mm)/CFRP (2.0 mm)/Q235 steel (1.3 mm)	2.342
7	Q235 steel (1.1 mm)/CFRP (4.0 mm)/Q235 steel (1.1 mm)	2.335
8	Q235 steel (0.9 mm)/CFRP (6.0 mm)/Q235 steel (0.9 mm)	2.327
9	Q235 steel (0.7 mm)/CFRP (8.0 mm)/Q235 steel (0.7 mm)	2.320
10	Q235 steel (0.5 mm)/CFRP (10.0 mm)/Q235 steel (0.5 mm)	2.313

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表 12 工况6～工况10中靶板的总内能

Table 12. Total internal energy of target plate in Case 6−Case 10

Case	Target plate (thickness)	E_tot/J	$ \gamma $
6	Q235 steel (1.3 mm)/CFRP (2.0 mm)/Q235 steel (1.3 mm)	6285.6	1.104
7	Q235 steel (1.1 mm)/CFRP (4.0 mm)/Q235 steel (1.1 mm)	6336.2	1.113
8	Q235 steel (0.9 mm)/CFRP (6.0 mm)/Q235 steel (0.9 mm)	5599.5	0.984
9	Q235 steel (0.7 mm)/CFRP (8.0 mm)/Q235 steel (0.7 mm)	4841.1	0.851
10	Q235 steel (0.5 mm)/CFRP (10.0 mm)/Q235 steel (0.5 mm)	3697.1	0.650

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