Hybrid Bionic Design Based on the Internal Structures of Nacre and Strombus Gigas Shell
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摘要: 融合多种生物材料内部结构的混合仿生结构设计是近年来兴起的一种材料强韧化设计新策略。采用碳纤维增强环氧树脂设计了一种由贝壳珍珠层“交错”结构和凤凰螺“交叉”结构融合而成的新型“交错-交叉”复合结构材料。实验和理论研究发现，珍珠层“交错”结构和凤凰螺“交叉”结构在内部载荷传递和应力分布调控方面存在显著差异，将两者进行简单混合将会导致局部应力集中，进而使材料性能劣化。通过优化该复合结构，提出了一种新型小角度连续纤维“交叉”叠层仿生结构，该结构能够优化材料内部的全场应力分布、抑制局部应力集中，形成延迟整体结构断裂失效的强韧化机制，有效解决材料性能的劣化问题。该研究结果有望为解决材料的强韧矛盾提供有益参考。Abstract: Hybrid biomimetic structure design, which integrates the internal structure of a variety of biomaterials, is a new strategy for strengthening and toughening materials in recent years. In this work, carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin was used to design a new type of “staggered-crossed” composite structure material, which is composed of the “interleaved” structure of nacre shell and the “crossed” structure of strombus shell. Through experimental and theoretical research, it was found that there is a significant difference between the “interleaved” structure of nacre and the “crossed” structure of strombus in the internal load transfer and stress distribution regulation. A simple hybrid mix of the two will produce adverse factors such as local stress concentration and lead to material performance degradation. On this basis, a new type of small angle continuous fiber “crossed” layered biomimetic structure was proposed by further optimizing the composite structure. This structure can optimize the full field stress distribution inside the material, suppress local stress concentration, and form a toughening mechanism that delays the overall structural fracture failure, effectively solving the problem of material performance degradation. The research results are expected to provide a useful reference for solving the contradiction between strength and toughness of materials.
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图 1 混合仿生结构设计方案及其力学测试
Figure 1. Design scheme and mechanical testing of hybrid biomimetic structure
图 2 “交错-交叉”复合结构的应力-应变曲线及其强度和单位吸能
Figure 2. Stress-strain curve, strength and energy absorption of “staggered -crossed” composite structure
图 3 “交错-交叉”复合结构中“砖块”的σ11应力云图和“砂浆”的σ13应力云图
Figure 3. σ11 stress cloud map of “brick” and σ13 stress cloud map of “mortar” in “staggered-crossed” composite structure
图 4 “交错-交叉”复合结构试件的断裂样貌
Figure 4. Fracture appearance of “staggered-crossed” composite structure specimen
图 5 “砖块”正应力S11峰值和“砂浆”的剪应力S13峰值
Figure 5. Peak normal stress S11 of “brick” and peak shear stress S13 of “mortar”
图 6 不同交叉角下连续交叉结构的应力-应变曲线以及强度和单位吸能
Figure 6. Stress-strain curve, strength and unit energy absorptions under different angles of continuous cross structure
图 7 连续交叉结构中“砖块”的σ11应力云图和“砂浆”的σ13应力云图
Figure 7. σ11 stress cloud map of “brick” and σ13 stress cloud map of “mortar” in continuous crossing structure
表 1 ABAQUS有限元模拟的相关力学参数
Table 1. ABAQUS finite element simulation related mechanical parameters
E1/GPa E2/GPa E3/GPa G12/GPa G13/GPa G23/GPa 41 3.4 3.4 3.6 3.6 2.5 μ12 μ13 μ23 E/GPa μ 0.03 0.03 0.23 3.5 0.25 
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