弹体尾部斜锥面形状对侵彻偏转的影响

张丁山; 张博; 付良; 徐笑; 李鹏飞

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20230728

弹体尾部斜锥面形状对侵彻偏转的影响

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20230728

1.
西安近代化学研究所, 陕西西安　710065
2.
中国兵器工业试验测试研究院, 陕西华阴　714200

基金项目: 国防重大基础研究专项

详细信息

作者简介:
张丁山（1984－），男，博士，研究员，主要从事侵彻战斗部技术研究. E-mail：dingshan19840103@sohu.com

中图分类号: O385; TJ55
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-08-28
- 修回日期: 2023-11-21
- 网络出版日期: 2024-01-29
- 刊出日期: 2024-02-05

Influence of Penetration Deflection by the Shape of Tail Oblique Cone of Projectile

1.
Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an 710065, Shaanxi, China
2.
Norinco Group Testing and Research Institute, Huayin 714200, Shaanxi, China

Funds: ZHANG S, WU H J, HUANG F L. Resistance model of rigid projectile penetrating into reinforced concrete target [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2017, 38(11): 2081-2092. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2017.11.001.

摘要

摘要: 针对弹体斜侵彻多层靶时弹道发生的偏转问题，建立了弹体尾部为斜锥面结构的弹体侵彻偏转理论计算模型，获得了当速度为0.2～1.2 km/s、着角为−30°～20°、弹体半径为30～60 mm、尾飘斜面与弹轴的夹角为0°～4°时偏转随尾部结构的变化规律，通过与试验结果进行对比，验证了模型的准确性。结果表明：弹体侵彻仰靶时，弹尾形成负的偏转力矩，弹体产生“低头”效果；弹体侵彻俯靶时，弹尾形成正的偏转力矩，弹体产生“抬头”效果；弹体尾部斜锥面产生的垂直弹轴的偏转力矩约为平行弹轴的偏转力矩的100倍；增大尾飘斜面与弹轴的夹角、尾飘长度、弹体半径均可增大偏转力矩；与增大尾飘长度相比，增大尾飘斜面与弹轴的夹角对增大偏转力矩更有效。
- 多层靶 /
- 侵彻 /
- 偏转力矩 /
- 尾部形状 /
- 斜锥面结构
Abstract: Aiming at the problem of deflection when the projectile obliquely penetrates a multi-layer target, a theoretical calculation model of the projectile deflection caused by the oblique cone structure of the projectile tail is established, and the change rule of the deflection with the tail structure is obtained at the working conditions of the velocity of 0.2−1.2 km/s, the angle of attraction of −30°−20°, the radius of the projectile body of 30–60 mm, and the angle between bevel plane of tail and the projectile shaft of 0°−4°. Moreover, the accuracy of the model is verified by comparing with the test results. The results showed that the tail of the projectile forms a negative deflection moment and the projectile produces a “head down” effect when the tail of the projectile penetrated upward target, and the tail of the projectile forms a positive deflection moment and the projectile produces a “head up” effect when the tail of the projectile penetrated downward target; the deflection moment of vertical axis is about 100 times greater than that of parallel axis. The deflecting moment can be increased by increasing the angle between bevel plane of tail and the projectile shaft, the length of the tail, and the radius of the projectile. Increasing the angle between bevel plane of tail and the projectile shaft is more effective in increasing the deflection moment than increasing the tail length.
- multi-layer target /
- penetration /
- deflection moment /
- tail shape /
- oblique cone structure

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图 1 弹尾侵彻靶标示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of projectile tail penetrating a target

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图 2 不同L₁时平行力矩(a)和垂直力矩(b)随θ的变化曲线（工况1）

Figure 2. Change curves of parallel moment (a) and vertical moment (b) with θ by different L₁ (Case 1)

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图 3 不同v₀时平行力矩(a)和垂直力矩(b)随$\theta $的变化曲线（工况2）

Figure 3. Change curves of parallel moment (a) and vertical moment (b) with θ by different v₀ (Case 2)

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图 4 不同α时平行力矩(a)和垂直力矩(b)随$\theta $的变化曲线（工况3）

Figure 4. Change curves of parallel moment (a) and vertical moment (b) with θ by different α (Case 3)

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图 5 不同r时平行力矩(a)和垂直力矩(b)随θ的变化曲线（工况4）

Figure 5. Change curves of parallel moment (a) and vertical moment (b) with θ by different r (Case 4)

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图 6 平行力矩(a)和垂直力矩(b)随θ和L₁的变化曲线（工况5）

Figure 6. Change curves of parallel moment (a) and vertical moment (b) with θ and L₁ (Case 5)

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图 7 3种弹体结构示意图（单位：mm）

Figure 7. Schematic diagram of three kinds of projectiles (Unit: mm)

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图 8 平行角加速度曲线

Figure 8. Curves of parallel angular acceleration

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图 9 垂直角加速度曲线

Figure 9. Curves of vertical angular acceleration

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图 10 角速度曲线

Figure 10. Curves of angular velocity

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图 11 偏转角度曲线

Figure 11. Curves of deflection angle

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图 12 试验样弹照片

Figure 12. Pictures of test projectiles

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图 13 侵彻试验照片

Figure 13. Pictures of penetration test

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表 1 计算工况

Table 1. Calculation conditions

No.	v₀/(m·s⁻¹)	α/(°)	r/m	L₁/m	Variable
1	800	10	0.06	0.08, 0.09, 0.13, 0.16	θ
2	200, 400, 800, 1200	10	0.06	0.13	θ
3	800	10, 20, −15, −30	0.06	0.13	θ
4	800	10	0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06	0.13	θ
5	400	10	0.06		θ, L₁

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表 2 弹体结构参数

Table 2. Structural parameters of projectiles

Projectile	r/mm	L₀/mm	L₁/mm	θ/(°)	I/(kg·m²)
A	60	230	130	2.2	0.5035
B	60	230	95	4.5	0.5098
C	60	230	130	1.8	0.5029

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表 3 侵彻试验结果

Table 3. Penetration test results

Projectile	v₀/(m·s⁻¹)	β₀/(°)	β₅/(°)	(β₅–β₀)/(°)	${ \bar \beta} $/(°)
A	795	0.3	0.1	−0.2	−0.20
A	802	0	−0.2	−0.2	−0.20
B	791	0.5	0	−0.5	−0.45
B	796	0.2	−0.2	−0.4	−0.45
C	806	0	−0.1	−0.1	–0.10
C	801	0.1	0	−0.1	–0.10

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表 4 弹体尾部结构引起的偏转角度的计算结果

Table 4. Calculated results of deflection angle by change of tail projectile

Projectile	β₁/(°)	β₂/(°)	β₃/(°)	β₄/(°)	β₅/(°)	δ/%
A	−0.018	−0.041	−0.077	−0.140	−0.250	25
B	−0.029	−0.079	−0.160	−0.300	−0.530	18
C	−0.008	−0.016	−0.028	−0.049	−0.081	8

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