Experimental Investigation of Plate Driven by HNS-Based PBX Explosive and Equation of State Parameters Determination for Explosive Detonation Products
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摘要: 为确定六硝基茋基PBX-1炸药产物的状态方程参数，采用平面波透镜加载和激光干涉测速技术，测量了在长度不同、直径为6 mm的PBX-1炸药药柱爆轰驱动下金属平板的自由面速度变化历程。实验结果表明：PBX-1炸药的爆轰波传播速度约为6798.2 m/s，且炸药的长径比对驱动平板的有效装药量有显著影响；与长径比为1的情况相比，长径比为2时PBX-1炸药驱动平板的有效装药量更小，导致金属平板的最大运动速度降低，但是在驱动平板过程中，金属平板受平面波透镜加载边界的影响较小。基于实验数据，开展了长径比为2的PBX-1炸药爆轰驱动平板的数值模拟，确定了PBX-1炸药爆轰产物的状态方程参数，计算得到的平板自由面速度变化历程与实验结果吻合较好。研究结果可为冲击片雷管的可靠性评估提供重要的基础参数。Abstract: To determine the parameters of equation of state for detonation products of the HNS-based explosive PBX-1, the plane wave lens and the photonic Doppler velocimetry (PDV) were used to measure the free surface velocity histories of metal plates driven by the PBX-1 explosives. The explosive samples had diameters of 6 mm and different lengths. According to the experimental results, the detonation velocity of PBX-1 is about 6798.2 m/s, and the effective explosive volume is obviously affected by the ratio of length to diameter of explosive sample. Compared with the sample with the ratio equal to 1, the effective explosive volume of the sample with the ratio equal to 2, leads to a lower maximum plate velocity. The plate driven by the longer explosive sample is less affected by the initiation boundary of plane wave lens. Therefore, the experimental result obtained by the longer explosive sample was used to determine the detonation products’ parameters of equation of state by numerical simulation. The simulation showed that the simulated free surface velocity history is in good agreement with the experimental result. The obtained detonation products’ parameters of equation of state provides fundamental data for reliability assessment of slapper detonator.
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图 1 PBX-1炸药爆轰驱动平板的实验装置
Figure 1. Experimental device of plate driven by PBX-1 explosive
图 4 探头1测得的平板位移-时间曲线（内插图中的单位为mm）
Figure 4. Displacement-time curves of metal plate measured by probe 1(Unit in inset figure is mm)
图 5 炸药长径比为1时的稀疏波轮廓线
Figure 5. Rarefaction profile for the explosive whose length equal to diameter
图 6 探头2测得的平板自由面速度曲线对比
Figure 6. Comparison of free surface velocity profiles of plate obtained by probe 2
图 8 不同网格尺寸条件下计算得到的铜板速度-时间曲线
Figure 8. Simulated velocity-time curves of plate for different mesh sizes of copper
图 9 数值模拟与实验获得的PBX-1炸药爆轰驱动下平板的自由面速度随时间的变化曲线
Figure 9. Free surface velocity-time curves of plate driven by PBX-1 explosive obtained by simulation and experiment
表 1 PBX-1炸药样品与金属平板的实测参数
Table 1. Measured parameters of PBX-1 explosive samples and metal plates
Shot No. Probe No. Explosive sample length/mm Explosive initial density/(g·cm−3) Plate thickness/mm 1 1 6.00 1.582 0.19 2 11.98 1.580 0.19 2 1 6.01 1.585 0.18 2 12.03 1.586 0.19 3 1 6.02 1.585 0.19 2 11.99 1.588 0.19 
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表 2 实验测得的平板最大速度
Table 2. Measured maximum velocity of plate
Shot No. Maximum velocity/(m∙s−1) Probe 1 Probe 2 1 3163.6 3004.6 2 3167.4 3050.1 3 3246.8 3016.0
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表 3 速度起跳时间与爆轰波传播速度计算结果
Table 3. Starting points and the calculated results of detonation velocity
Shot No. Starting point of velocity/μs Time delay/μs Difference of explosive
samples’ length/mmDetonation velocity/
(m·s−1)Probe 1 Probe 2 1 7.130 8.010 0.880 5.98 6795.5 2 7.129 8.030 0.901 6.02 6681.5 3 7.116 7.979 0.863 5.97 6917.7
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ρ0/(g·cm−3) C/(km·s−1) S1 S2 S3 γ0 a 8.90 3.958 1.497 0 0 2.0 0
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表 5 PBX-1炸药爆轰产物JWL状态方程参数
Table 5. Parameters of JWL equation of state for detonation product of PBX-1 explosive
A/GPa B/GPa C/GPa R1 R2 ω E0/GPa pJ/GPa DJ/(km·s−1) 694.26 17.28 1.23 5.6 1.4 0.45 7.0 18.9 6.798
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