Mechanical Property and De-Icing Function of Carbon Fibre-Hand-Torn Steel Composites
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摘要: 碳纤维增强复合材料因其轻质高强等优异特性，在轨道交通、航空航天等领域具有重要作用。然而，作为高空飞行器表面结构材料，碳纤维复合材料在低温环境中存在力学性能衰减和结冰等问题，严重影响了其服役安全性。以单向碳纤维预浸料和不锈钢超薄带即手撕钢为原材料，采用铺层固化的方法，设计了不同裁剪形状的手撕钢与碳纤维铺层的“碳纤维-手撕钢”复合材料，并对其在电流驱动下的力学性能和除冰功能进行研究。研究表明，手撕钢不仅能够改善复合材料内部的应力分布，提升力学性能，而且由于手撕钢的电流致热效应，能够实现复合材料的温度调控，从而进一步改善材料的强度和吸能特性。此外，手撕钢的裁剪宽度对于调控电流通路及其致热效应具有重要影响，是优化材料力学性能和除冰功能的关键因素。研究结果对于“碳纤维-手撕钢”复合材料的力学设计和电流驱动除冰功能实现具有一定的指导意义，并有望在航天航空等领域得到重要应用。
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关键词:
- 碳纤维-金属复合材料 /
- 应力分布 /
- 力学性能 /
- 电流除冰
Abstract: Carbon fibre reinforced composites have an important role in rail transportation, aerospace and other fields due to their excellent properties such as lightweight and high strength. However, as a surface structure material for high-altitude vehicles, carbon fibre reinforced composites suffer from mechanical property degradation and icing in low-temperature environments, which seriously affect their service safety. In this paper, a “carbon fibre-hand-torn steel” composite is designed using unidirectional carbon fibre prepreg and stainless steel ultra-thin belts, i.e. hand-torn steel, as the raw material, and a lay-up curing method is used to design a “carbon fibre-hand-torn steel” composite consisting of hand-torn steel with different cut shapes and carbon fibre lay-up. It is shown that the hand-torn steel not only improves the mechanical properties by improving the internal stress distribution of the composite, but also enables the temperature regulation of the composite due to the current-driven thermal effect of the hand-torn steel, which further improves the material strength and energy absorption properties. In addition, the cutting width of the hand-torn steel has an important influence on the regulation of the current path and its thermogenic effect, which is a key factor in optimizing the mechanical properties and de-icing function of the material. This paper provides guidance on the mechanical design and current-driven de-icing of carbon fibre-hand-torn steel composites, and is expected to have important applications in aerospace and other fields. -
图 2 不同电流通路宽度的手撕钢层合板
Figure 2. Hand-torn steel laminates with different current path widths
图 3 三点弯曲样品通电实验和力学性能测试
Figure 3. Three-point bending sample energization test and mechanical property test
图 4 3种样品的三点弯曲测试结果
Figure 4. Three-point bending test results of three kinds of samples
图 5 碳纤维-手撕钢层合板在不同电流强度下的弯曲测试结果
Figure 5. Bending test results of carbon fibre-hand-torn steel laminates at different current strengths
图 6 不同电流通路宽度层合板表面稳态温度随电流变化和温度场分布
Figure 6. Steady-state temperature variation of laminate surface with current and temperature field distribution for different current path widths
图 7 电流通路宽度为10 mm的层合板通入2.5 A电流后不同时刻样品表面的温度场
Figure 7. Temperature field on the surface of a laminate with a current path width of 10 mm after applying 2.5 A current at different moments
表 1 材料的基本属性
Table 1. Basic material properties
Material Tensile strength/MPa Density/(g·cm−3) Thickness/mm HTS 1130 7.26 0.02 CFRP 1800 1.80 0.20 
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表 2 三点弯曲样品通电方案
Table 2. Three-point bending sample energization scheme
Samples Current/A CFRP No power HTS-CFRP No power Cut HTS-CFRP 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5
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表 3 电流致热样品通电方案
Table 3. Energizing samples with current heating
Width of hand-torn steel/mm Current/A 20 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 15 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 10 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 5 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 1.8
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