深部岩石爆破裂纹扩展与不耦合装药系数的关系

陈啸林; 张智宇; 王凯; 彭磊

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20230649

深部岩石爆破裂纹扩展与不耦合装药系数的关系

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20230649

陈啸林^1,,
张智宇^1,*, ,,
王凯²,
彭磊¹

1.
昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院, 云南昆明　650093
2.
昆明理工大学公共安全与应急管理学院, 云南昆明　650093

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52064025）；云南省重大科技项目（202202AG050014）

详细信息

作者简介:
陈啸林（1998－），男，硕士研究生，主要从事工程爆破研究. E-mail：1395156573@qq.com

通讯作者:
张智宇（1973－），男，硕士，教授，博士生导师，主要从事采矿工程及工程爆破研究. E-mail：924221851@qq.com

中图分类号: O346
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-04-24
- 修回日期: 2023-05-15
- 录用日期: 2023-05-29
- 网络出版日期: 2023-10-09
- 刊出日期: 2023-11-07

Relation between Crack Propagation and Decoupling Charging Coefficient in Deep Rock Blasting

CHEN Xiaolin^1
,,
ZHANG Zhiyu^{1,*
, ,},
WANG Kai²,
PENG Lei¹

1.
Faculty of Land Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
2.
Faculty of Public Security and Emergency Management, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China

摘要

摘要: 通过数值模拟，研究了有无地应力条件下深部岩石爆破过程中裂纹扩展与不耦合装药系数之间的关系。模拟结果表明：初始地应力对爆破裂纹产生和扩展的影响较大；粉碎区半径、裂隙区半径、径向裂纹扩展最大长度以及炮孔孔壁应力峰值均随不耦合装药系数的增大而降低。通过动焦散相似试验，根据不同不耦合系数对应的径向裂纹扩展长度，构建了径向裂纹扩展长度与不耦合系数间的关系式，关系式与试验结果的拟合度达0.974。深部岩体爆破开挖过程中，可根据径向裂纹扩展长度与不耦合系数之间的关系设计爆破参数，以达到高效率爆破开采的目的。研究结果可为矿山深部高效率爆破开采提供一定的参考。
- 深部岩体 /
- 不耦合装药系数 /
- 裂纹扩展 /
- 动焦散相似试验
Abstract: Through numerical simulation, the relation between the crack propagation during deep rock blasting and the decoupling charge coefficient under the conditions of in-situ stress or not was studied. The simulation results showed that the initial ground stress has a great influence on the generation and the propagation of blasting cracks. The radius of the crushing zone, the radius of the crack zone, the maximum length of radial crack propagation, and the peak stress of the blast hole wall all decrease with the increase of the decoupling coefficient. According to the radial crack propagation lengths under different decoupling coefficients obtained by dynamic caustic similarity test, a relation between the radial crack propagation length and the decoupling coefficient was established, and the degree of fit reaches 0.974. During the process of deep rock blasting excavation, the blasting parameters can be designed according to the relation between the radial crack propagation length and the decoupling coefficient, so as to realize high efficiency blasting mining. This study provides some reference for the background of deep mining.
- deep rock mass /
- decoupling charging coefficient /
- crack propagation /
- dynamic caustic similarity test

HTML全文

图 1 RHT模型

Figure 1. RHT model

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图 2 有限元模型示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of finite element model

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图 3 模型加载示意图

Figure 3. Loading diagram of model

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图 4 无围压下岩石双孔爆破过程中裂纹扩展与压力的演化过程

Figure 4. Crack propagation and pressure evolution processes without confining pressure in rock under double-hole blasting

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图 5 双向等围压下岩石双孔爆破裂纹扩展与压力的演化过程

Figure 5. Crack propagation and pressure evolution processes of rock under double-hole blasting with bidirectional constant confining pressure

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图 6 双孔爆破过程中测点的环向应力时程曲线

Figure 6. Hoop stress history curves of monitoring points under double-hole blasting

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图 7 不同不耦合系数下孔壁的应力时程曲线

Figure 7. Hole wall stress-time curves under different decoupling coefficients

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图 8 不同不耦合系数下裂纹的扩展情况

Figure 8. Crack propagation under different decoupling coefficients

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图 9 双向等围压下粉碎区半径和裂隙区半径随不耦合系数的变化规律

Figure 9. Variation laws of radii of crushing zone and fracture zone with decoupling coefficient under bidirectional constant confining pressure

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图 10 双向等围压下径向裂纹最大长度随不耦合系数的变化规律

Figure 10. Variation law of the maximum length of radial crack with decoupling coefficient under bidirectional constant confining pressure

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图 11 试件爆后的形态

Figure 11. Specimen patterns after explosion

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图 12 爆后试件裂纹扩展形态

Figure 12. Crack propagation morphology of specimen after explosion

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图 13 双向等围压下试件径向裂纹长度随不耦合系数的变化规律

Figure 13. Variation law of radial crack length of specimen with decoupling coefficient under bidirectional constant confining pressure

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表 1 花岗岩参数

Table 1. Granite parameters

ρ/(kg·m⁻³)	E/GPa	ν	σ_bc/MPa	R_m/MPa	G/GPa	K/GPa
2650	60	0.24	150	15.0	24.19	38.46

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表 2 岩石RHT模型的部分参数

Table 2. Some parameters of the rock RHT model

f_c/GPa	α₀	p_el/GPa	β_c	β_t	A₁/GPa	A₂/GPa	A₃/GPa	B₀	B₁	T₁/GPa
0.1678	1.0	0.0363	0.0102	0.0278	55.90	89.44	48.64	1.6	1.6	55.90

T₂/GPa	$ \dot\varepsilon {_0^{\,}}^{ \text{c}}/{\rm{s}}^{-1} $	$ \dot\varepsilon {_0^{\,}}^{ \text{t}}/{\rm{s}}^{-1} $	$ \dot\varepsilon ^{\text{c}} /{\rm{s}}^{-1}$	$\dot\varepsilon ^{\text{t}} /{\rm{s}}^{-1}$	D₁	D₂	B	$g_{\rm{t}}^*$	A	n
0	3.0×10⁻⁵	3.0×10⁻⁶	3.0×10²⁵	3.0×10²⁵	0.04	1	0.05	0.7	2.51	0.72

p_comp/MPa	$f_\text{s}^*$	$f_\text{t}^*$	Q₀	$g_{\rm{c}}^* $	ξ	$\varepsilon _\text{p}^{\text{m} }$	A_f	n_f	N
6.00	0.21	0.04	0.68	0.53	0.5	0.015	0.25	0.62	3.00

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表 3 炸药材料和JWL状态方程参数

Table 3. Explosive materials and the JWL equation of state parameters

ρ/(kg·m⁻³)	C_d/(m·s⁻¹)	A_e/GPa	B_e/GPa	R₁	R₂	ω
1150	4500	625.3	23.29	5.25	1.6	0.28

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表 4 模拟结果的定量分析

Table 4. Quantitative results of simulation

k	Crushing area radius/cm	Radius of circumferential crack zone/cm					Maximum length of radial crack/cm
k	Crushing area radius/cm	x-axis	y-axis	Diagonal 1	Diagonal 2	Average	Maximum length of radial crack/cm
1.2	23.4	44.7	49.8	40.1	41.1	43.9	59.8
1.4	21.2	39.6	41.7	38.6	39.8	39.9	53.2
1.6	18.4	36.1	32.2	33.3	33.4	33.8	38.5
1.8	15.5	29.8	28.2	25.2	26.9	27.5	31.0
2.0	14.0	26.6	25.6	24.6	23.7	25.1	29.4

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表 5 有机玻璃的动态力学参数

Table 5. Dynamic mechanical parameters of PMMA

ρ/(kg·m⁻³)	E/GPa	ν	σ_m/MPa	C_p/(m·s⁻¹)	C_s/(m·s⁻¹)	G/GPa
1180	6.1	0.31	130	2320	1260	1.28

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表 6 模型试件的测量结果

Table 6. Measurement results of model specimen

k	Crushing area radius/cm	Radius of circumferential crack zone/cm					Maximum length of radial crack/cm
k	Crushing area radius/cm	x-axis	y-axis	Diagonal 1	Diagonal 2	Average	Crack 1	Crack 2	Crack 3	Crack 4	Average
1.2	1.2	3.8	3.4	3.6	3.7	3.6	7.2	9.4	6.9	7.7	7.8
1.4	1.0	3.6	3.1	3.1	3.2	3.3	7.9	6.3	5.8		6.7
1.7	0.8	3.4	3.1	3.0	2.8	3.1	3.3	5.3			4.3
2.0	0.6	2.9	2.8	3.3	2.5	2.9	3.5				3.5

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