起爆偏心对聚能装药射流成型过程及威力参量的影响

徐恒威; 梁斌; 刘俊新; 卢永刚; 欧小红

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20220635

起爆偏心对聚能装药射流成型过程及威力参量的影响

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20220635

徐恒威^{1, 2,},
梁斌^2,*, ,,
刘俊新¹,
卢永刚²,
欧小红¹

1.
西南科技大学土木工程与建筑学院, 四川绵阳　621010
2.
中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所, 四川绵阳　621999

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（11672278）；国家重点研发计划（2017YFC0804600）

详细信息

作者简介:
徐恒威（1998-），男，硕士研究生，主要从事高效毁伤技术研究. E-mail：xuhw@mails.swust.edu.cn

通讯作者:
梁　斌（1976-），男，博士，研究员，主要从事常规武器研制及毁伤研究. E-mail：lb_110119@163.com

中图分类号: O383; TJ410.33
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-07-21
- 修回日期: 2022-08-18
- 录用日期: 2023-01-16
- 网络出版日期: 2023-02-28
- 刊出日期: 2023-02-05

Effect of Initiation Eccentricity on Shaped Charge Jet Forming Process and Power Parameters

XU Hengwei^{1, 2
,},
LIANG Bin^{2,*
, ,},
LIU Junxin¹,
LU Yonggang²,
OU Xiaohong¹

1.
School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China
2.
Institute of Systems of Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 为了研究起爆偏心对聚能射流的影响，运用有限元软件LS-DYNA模拟了不同起爆偏心量（0.025D_k～0.125D_k，D_k为装药直径）下射流成型及其破甲过程，探究了药型罩非对称压垮程度、射流形态以及横向速度的变化规律，建立了理论模型以分析不同偏心量下射流横向速度分布情况，并基于正交试验设计理论和方差分析法揭示了各因素对评价指标影响程度的显著差异。结果表明：药型罩非对称压垮程度及射流横向速度均与偏心量呈正相关变化趋势。偏心量为0.025D_k时，射流侵彻深度仅下降0.7%；偏心量为0.050D_k时，侵彻深度下降突跃为12.4%；随着偏心量的增加，侵彻深度继续下降。此外，适当增大壁厚、罩顶装药高度可削弱起爆偏心对射流横向速度的影响。
- 聚能装药 /
- 起爆偏心 /
- 示踪点法 /
- 破甲威力 /
- 正交设计 /
- 方差分析
Abstract: In order to study the influence of off-axis initiation on shaped charge jet, the finite element software LS-DYNA was used to simulate the jet forming and armor breaking process under different eccentricities (0.025D_k–0.125D_k, D_k is shaped charge diameter). The asymmetric collapse degree of the liner, jet shape and lateral velocity were investigated. A theoretical model was established to analyze the lateral velocity distribution of jet under different eccentricities. Based on the orthogonal experimental design theory and analysis of variance, the significant difference of the influence degree of each factor on the evaluation index was discussed. The results show that the degree of asymmetric collapse and lateral velocity of jet are positively correlated with the offset. When the offset is 0.025D_k, the percentage of penetration depth was only 0.7%. However, when the eccentricity was 0.050D_k, the percentage of penetration depth suddenly jumped to 12.4%. Moreover, the penetration depth continues to decrease with the increase of offset, seriously affecting the jet’s penetration performance. In addition, the influence of off-axis initiation on jet lateral velocity can be compensated by increasing the thickness of liner and the explosive height above liner.
- shaped charge /
- off-axis initiation /
- tracer method /
- armor-penetrating power /
- orthogonal design /
- variance analysis

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图 1 药型罩不对称压垮几何示意图

Figure 1. Geometric representation of the asymmetric collapse of shaped charge

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图 2 数值模型

Figure 2. Numerical simulation model

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图 3 示踪点位置

Figure 3. Location of static tracer points

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图 4 脉冲X射线摄影试验

Figure 4. X-ray photography test

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图 5 试验结果与模拟结果对比（30 μs）

Figure 5. Comparison of test and numerical simulaiton results (30 μs)

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图 6 药型罩两侧横向压垮速度差

Figure 6. Lateral collapse velocity difference between two sides of liner

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图 7 不同偏心量下的射流横向速度

Figure 7. Lateral velocity of jet under different initiation offsets

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图 8 射流速度云图

Figure 8. Velocity nephogram of shaped charge jet

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图 9 示踪点运动轨迹

Figure 9. Trace line of tracer points at liner surface

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图 10 罩材沿轴线方向的射流速度分布曲线

Figure 10. Distribution curve of the jet velocity of liner material along the axis direction

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图 11 数值模拟结果与理论计算值的对比

Figure 11. Comparison of numerical simulation results and theoretical calculated values

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图 12 不同偏心量下射流的破甲威力

Figure 12. Armor-breaking power of jet under different offsets

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图 13 不同因素水平对射流轴向速度的影响

Figure 13. Effects of factor levels on axial velocity of jet

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图 14 不同因素水平对射流有效长度的影响

Figure 14. Effects of factor levels on the effective length of jet

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图 15 不同因素水平对射流横向速度的影响

Figure 15. Effects of factor levels on lateral velocity of jet

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图 16 经优化后得到的射流形态

Figure 16. Jet shape after optimization

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表 1 聚能装药的几何尺寸

Table 1. Structural parameters of shaped charge

Charge diameter	Explosive height above liner	Cone angle/(°)	Thickness of liner	Radius of liner curvature	Brust height
D_k	0.5D_k	60	0.020D_k	0.037 5D_k	3D_k

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表 2 炸药模型及状态方程参数^[15]

Table 2. Parameters of explosive and equation of state^[15]

ρ/(g·cm⁻³)	D/(m·s⁻¹)	p_CJ/GPa	A₀/GPa	B₀/GPa	R₁	R₂
1.79	8 730	33.8	795.2	20.2	4.64	1.29

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表 3 药型罩模型及状态方程参数^[15]

Table 3. Parameters of liner and equation of state^[15]

ρ/(g·cm⁻³)	G₀/GPa	σ_y/GPa	C₀/(km·s⁻¹)	s₁	s₂	γ₀
8.96	47.7	0.64	3.94	1.49	0	2

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表 4 射流成型参数对比（30 μs）

Table 4. Comparison of jet formation parameters (30 μs)

Head jet			Tail jet			Length			Jet deviation
v_h,sim/(m·s⁻¹)	v_h,exp/(m·s⁻¹)	δ/%	v_t,sim/(m·s⁻¹)	v_t,exp/(m·s⁻¹)	δ/%	L_sim/cm	L_exp/cm	δ/%	ξ_sim/(°)	ξ_exp/(°)	δ/%
6 404	6 600	−2.9	622	745	−16.5	13.45	13.60	−1.1	1.25	1.15	8.6

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表 5 正交试验设计

Table 5. Orthogonal test design

Project	Factor			Evaluation indicator
Project	1	2	3	v_a/(m·s⁻¹)	v_b/(m·s⁻¹)	L/cm
1	Ⅰ(0.012 5D_k)	Ⅰ(0.020D_k)	Ⅰ(0.5D_k)	6 384	45.1	8.68
2	Ⅰ(0.012 5D_k)	Ⅱ(0.025D_k)	Ⅱ(0.8D_k)	6 260	26.2	9.02
3	Ⅰ(0.012 5D_k)	Ⅲ(0.030D_k)	Ⅲ(1.0D_k)	6 130	17.9	8.93
4	Ⅱ(0.025D_k)	Ⅰ(0.020D_k)	Ⅱ(0.8D_k)	6 554	78.2	9.18
5	Ⅱ(0.025D_k)	Ⅱ(0.025D_k)	Ⅲ(1.0D_k)	6 401	57.4	9.02
6	Ⅱ(0.025D_k)	Ⅲ(0.03D_k)	Ⅰ(0.5D_k)	5 738	75.5	8.76
7	Ⅲ(0.05D_k)	Ⅰ(0.020D_k)	Ⅲ(1.0D_k)	6 710	154.1	9.11
8	Ⅲ(0.05D_k)	Ⅱ(0.025D_k)	Ⅰ(0.5D_k)	6 023	187.0	8.54
9	Ⅲ(0.05D_k)	Ⅲ(0.030D_k)	Ⅱ(0.8D_k)	5 993	135.4	8.94

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表 6 计算结果

Table 6. Calculation results

Factor	v_a/(m·s⁻¹)				L/cm				v_b/(m·s⁻¹)
Factor	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	R_j	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	R_j	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	R_j
K₁	18 774	18 693	18 726		26.63	26.96	26.59		89.2	211.1	476.5
K₂	19 647	18 684	17 862		26.97	26.58	26.63		277.4	270.6	228.8
K₃	18 144	18 807	19 242		25.98	27.14	27.06		307.6	239.8	229.4
k₁	6 258	6 231	6 242	27	8.87	8.98	8.85	0.13	29.7	70.4	158.8	129.1
k₂	6 549	6 228	5 954	595	8.99	8.86	8.88	0.13	92.5	90.2	76.3	16.2
k₃	6 048	6 269	6 414	366	8.66	9.04	9.02	0.38	102.5	79.9	76.5	26.0

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