典型固体抑爆剂对乙炔-空气的抑爆特性

夏煜; 程扬帆; 胡芳芳; 王瑞; 朱守军; 沈兆武

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20220580

典型固体抑爆剂对乙炔-空气的抑爆特性

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20220580

夏煜^1,,
程扬帆^{1, 2,*, ,},
胡芳芳^{1, 2},
王瑞¹,
朱守军¹,
沈兆武³

1.
安徽理工大学化学工程学院, 安徽淮南　232001
2.
安徽理工大学土木建筑学院, 安徽淮南　232001
3.
中国科学技术大学工程科学学院, 安徽合肥　230027

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（11972046）；安徽省自然科学基金（2108085Y02）；安徽省高校自然科学基金重大项目（KJ2020ZD30）；安徽理工大学研究生创新基金（2021CX2026）

详细信息

作者简介:
夏　煜（1998－），男，硕士研究生，主要从事可燃粉尘的防爆和抑爆研究. E-mail：1433515089@qq.com

通讯作者:
程扬帆（1987－），男，博士，副教授，博士生导师，主要从事爆炸力学和爆炸安全研究. E-mail：cyf518@mail.ustc.edu.cn

中图分类号: O521.9; O389
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-05-09
- 修回日期: 2022-05-28
- 网络出版日期: 2022-10-11
- 刊出日期: 2022-12-05

Inhibition Characteristics of Typical Solid Explosion Suppressors on Acetylene-Air Explosion

XIA Yu^1
,,
CHENG Yangfan^{1, 2,*
, ,},
HU Fangfang^{1, 2},
WANG Rui¹,
ZHU Shoujun¹,
SHEN Zhaowu³

1.
School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, Anhui, China
2.
School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, Anhui, China
3.
School of Engineering Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China

摘要

摘要: 为了揭示固体抑爆剂对乙炔-空气预混气体爆炸的抑爆效果，采用20 L球形爆炸测试系统，研究了典型固体抑爆剂SiO₂、Al(OH)₃和NaHCO₃对乙炔-空气预混气体爆炸特性的影响。结果表明：低粉体浓度（300 g/m³以下）的SiO₂对乙炔-空气的爆炸威力具有促进作用，而高粉体浓度的SiO₂则具有显著的抑制作用；SiO₂、Al(OH)₃和NaHCO₃ 3种固体抑爆剂对乙炔-空气的抑爆效果依次增强；SiO₂和Al(OH)₃分别通过颗粒自身和分解吸热（生成Al₂O₃和H₂O）来降低乙炔-空气的爆炸威力，而NaHCO₃分解会产生Na₂CO₃、H₂O和CO₂，兼具气、固、液三相的抑爆特点，因而对乙炔-空气预混气体的抑爆效果最好。
- 抑爆剂 /
- 乙炔 /
- 气体爆炸 /
- 爆炸压力 /
- 压力上升速率
Abstract: In order to reveal the inhibition effect of solid explosion suppressors on acetylene-air premixed gas explosion, a 20 L spherical explosion test system was used to study the impact of typical solid explosion suppressors of SiO₂, Al(OH)₃ and NaHCO₃ on the explosion characteristics of premixed acetylene-air gas. The results showed that the low-concentration SiO₂ (less than 300 g/m³) can promote the explosion intensity of acetylene-air, while the high-concentration SiO₂ has a significant explosion inhibition effect. The explosion inhibition effect of SiO₂, Al(OH)₃ and NaHCO₃ on acetylene-air explosion increases in turn. The explosion inhibition effects of SiO₂ and Al(OH)₃ are dependent on the heat absorption and decomposition of particles (generating Al₂O₃ and H₂O). By contrast, the explosion inhibition effect of NaHCO₃ is dependent on the gas-solid-liquid three-phase suppression characteristics as the decomposition of NaHCO₃ produced Na₂CO₃, H₂O and CO₂. Therefore, the NaHCO₃ possessed the optimal effect of explosion inhibition.
- explosion suppressor /
- acetylene /
- gas explosion /
- explosion pressure /
- pressure rise rate

HTML全文

图 1 20 L球形爆炸测试系统示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the 20 L spherical explosion test system

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图 2 固体抑爆剂粉体的粒径分布

Figure 2. Particle size distribution of solid explosion suppressors

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图 3 乙炔-空气爆炸压力时程曲线（$\varphi$=1）

Figure 3. Explosion pressure-time curve of C₂H₂-air ($\varphi$=1)

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图 4 不同SiO₂粉体浓度下乙炔-空气爆炸压力时程曲线

Figure 4. Explosion pressure-time curves of C₂H₂-air at different concentrations of SiO₂

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图 5 SiO₂对乙炔-空气爆炸特性的影响

Figure 5. Effect of SiO₂ on explosion characteristics of C₂H₂-air

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图 6 不同Al(OH)₃粉体浓度下乙炔-空气爆炸压力时程曲线

Figure 6. Explosion pressure-time curves of C₂H₂-air at different concentrations of Al(OH)₃

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图 7 Al(OH)₃对乙炔-空气爆炸特性的影响

Figure 7. Effect of Al(OH)₃ on explosion characteristics of C₂H₂-air

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图 8 不同NaHCO₃粉体浓度下乙炔-空气爆炸压力时程曲线

Figure 8. Explosion pressure-time curves of C₂H₂-air at different concentrations of NaHCO₃

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图 9 NaHCO₃对乙炔-气体爆炸特性的影响

Figure 9. Effect of NaHCO₃ on explosion characteristics C₂H₂-air

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图 10 爆炸压力敏感性分析

Figure 10. Sensitivity analysis of explosion pressure

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图 11 3种固体抑爆剂的抑爆特性对比

Figure 11. Explosion inhibition characteristics of three solid explosion suppressors

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表 1 影响爆炸压力的主要反应

Table 1. Main reactions affecting explosion pressure

No.	Reaction	No.	Reaction
R1	H+O₂↔O+OH	R158	C₂H₂+O↔HCCO+H
R39	HCO+M↔CO+H+M	R161	C₂H₂+OH↔C₂H+H₂O
R41	HCO+O₂↔CO+HO₂	R166	C₂H₂+C₂H↔C₄H₂+H
R141	C₂H+O₂↔HCO+CO	R194	C₂H₃+O₂↔CH₂CHO+O
R155	C₂H₃(+M) ↔C₂H₂+H(+M)	R195	C₂H₃+O₂↔HCO+CH₂O

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