HMX晶体高温相变及裂纹对点火的影响

随志磊; 胡秋实; 尚海林; 傅华; 郑贤旭

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20220550

HMX晶体高温相变及裂纹对点火的影响

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20220550

中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所, 四川绵阳　621999

基金项目: 科学挑战专题（TZ2016001）；冲击波物理与爆轰物理重点实验室基金（2021JCJQLB05708）

详细信息

作者简介:
随志磊（1986－），男，博士，助理研究员，主要从事含能材料的微细观结构与爆轰性能研究.E-mail：suizhilei179@126.com

通讯作者:
郑贤旭（1977－），男，博士，研究员，主要从事含能材料物性及实验诊断技术研究.E-mail：zxxgoal109@sina.com

中图分类号: O521.2; O347
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-03-28
- 修回日期: 2022-04-27
- 刊出日期: 2022-05-30

Influence of High Temperature Phase Transformation and Cracks on Ignition of HMX Crystal

Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 炸药晶体的相结构、相变过程以及相变引起的微结构变化对炸药性能有重要影响。为研究HMX晶体的高温相变及其引起的裂纹对点火的影响，开展了HMX晶体的原位高温拉曼光谱、X射线衍射实验以及落锤实验。通过拉曼光谱和X射线衍射谱识别出不同温度加载和后处理方法对HMX晶体相结构和微结构的影响。制备了3类含有不同相结构和裂纹的HMX样品，实现了相结构和裂纹对点火影响的解耦。落锤实验结果显示，对于3类HMX晶体，按照敏感度由高到低排序依次为含裂纹的β-δ混相、含裂纹的β相、无裂纹的β相。最后，分析了高温相变和裂纹提高HMX晶体感度的原因。
- HMX晶体 /
- 落锤实验 /
- 高温相变 /
- 裂纹 /
- 点火
Abstract: The crystal structure, phase transition and microstructure changes of explosive crystals have important influence on the properties of explosives. In order to study the high temperature phase transition of HMX crystals and the effect of the cracks caused by them on ignition, we performed in situ high temperature Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction on HMX crystals. Moreover, drop weight experiments were also carried out for HMX crystals with different cracks and phase structures. The effects of different temperature loading and post-treatment methods on the phase structure and microstructure of HMX crystals were identified by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. Samples with different phase structures and cracks were prepared, and the decoupling of the HMX phase structure and the effect of cracks on ignition was realized. The results of the HMX crystal drop-weight impact experiment showed that the order of sensitivity of the three types of HMX crystals under the drop-weight impact was: crack-containing β-δ phase > β phase with cracks > β phase without cracks. And the reasons why high temperature phase transition and cracks can improve the crystal sensitivity of HMX were also analyzed.
- HMX crystal /
- drop weight experiment /
- high temperature phase transition /
- crack /
- ignition

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图 1 落锤撞击实验装置

Figure 1. Drop weight impact experiment device

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图 2 HMX晶体的高温拉曼光谱 (a) 和XRD谱 (b)

Figure 2. High temperature Raman spectra (a) and XRD patterns (b) of HMX crystals

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图 3 影像测量仪扫描图像

Figure 3. Scan images obtained by image measuring instrument

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图 4 3类样品的点火情况与落高之间的关系（Ⅰ类样品，圆形；Ⅱ类样品，三角形；Ⅲ类样品，菱形）

Figure 4. Relationship between the ignition conditions of the three types of samples and the drop height (Samples of type I, round; samples of type Ⅱ, triangle; samples of type Ⅲ, rhombus)

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图 5 Ⅰ类样品5的速度和压力时程曲线（H=85 cm，未点火）

Figure 5. Velocity-time and pressure-time curves of type Ⅰ sample 5 (H=85 cm, no ignition)

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图 6 Ⅰ类样品5的动态变形图像

Figure 6. Dynamically deform images of type Ⅰ sample 5

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图 7 Ⅱ类样品12的速度和压力时程曲线（H=55 cm，点火）

Figure 7. Velocity-time and pressure-time curves of type Ⅱ sample 12 (H=55 cm, ignition)

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图 8 Ⅱ类样品12的动态点火图像

Figure 8. Dynamically ignition images of type Ⅱ sample 12

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图 9 Ⅲ类样品的压力时程曲线

Figure 9. Pressure-time curves of type Ⅲ samples

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图 10 Ⅲ类样品22的动态点火图像

Figure 10. Dynamically ignition images of type Ⅲ sample 22

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表 1 HMX晶体的退火及存放条件

Table 1. Heating and storage conditions of HMX crystals

Sample type	Sample No.	Annealing temperature	Treatments after annealing	Status of the sample
Ⅰ	1−5	Without annealing		β-phase without crack
Ⅱ	6−15	≥190 ℃	Experiment within 24 h of annealing	β- and δ-phase with cracks
Ⅲ	16−24	≥190 ℃	Humidifying and experiment after 30 d	β-phase with cracks

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表 2 不同HMX晶体的落锤高度

Table 2. Drop heights of different HMX crystals

Type	Sample No.	H/cm	Type	Sample No.	H/cm	Type	Sample No.	H/cm
Ⅰ	1	30	Ⅱ	9	30	Ⅲ	17	20
	2	35		10	30		18	30
	3	55		11	30		19	30
	4	60		12	55		20	40
	5	85		13	60		21	40
Ⅱ	6	15		14	65		22	40
	7	15		15	85		23	45
	8	20	Ⅲ	16	10		24	60

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