HMX基含AP浇注炸药烤燃实验与数值模拟

刘润泽; 王昕捷; 刘瑞峰; 段卓平; 黄风雷

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20220538

HMX基含AP浇注炸药烤燃实验与数值模拟

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20220538

北京理工大学机电学院, 北京　100081

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（12172051）

详细信息

作者简介:
刘润泽（1997—），男，硕士研究生，主要从事含能材料的热安全性研究.E-mail：1517603458@qq.com

通讯作者:
王昕捷（1991—），男，副教授，博士生导师，主要从事爆炸毁伤技术研究.E-mail：wangxinjie@bit.edu.cn

中图分类号: O359; V211
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-03-18
- 修回日期: 2022-04-08
- 网络出版日期: 2022-09-17
- 刊出日期: 2022-10-11

Cook-off Test and Numerical Simulation of HMX-Based Cast Explosive Containing AP

School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究新型奥克托今（HMX）基浇注炸药GOLA-1（HMX-Al-高氯酸铵（AP）-黏结剂（Kel-F））在热刺激下的响应特性，对GOLA-1炸药进行了温升速率为1.0和1.5 K/min的烤燃实验，获得了炸药中心点温升和点火时间等信息。在此基础上，结合烤燃数值模拟，预测了炸药的点火位置及温度。数值模拟与实验结果吻合较好，在1.0和1.5 K/min温升速率下GOLA-1炸药点火时间的相对偏差分别为1.3%和1.7%，表明所建立的数值模型较为合理。采用该模型进行了不同温升速率下的数值模拟，结果表明：当温升速率下降至0.4 K/min时，点火位置由装药底面边缘的环形区域移动至装药中心轴线上靠近下部的位置；点火位置随温升速率的下降而逐渐向药柱上部移动，温升速率对点火温度基本没有影响。
- HMX基PBX /
- 高氯酸铵 /
- 热安全性 /
- 烤燃实验
Abstract: In order to study the response characteristics of a new HMX-based cast explosive GOLA-1 (HMX-aluminum-ammonium perchlorate (AP)-binder (Kel-F)) under thermal stimulation, the cook-off tests with heating rates of 1.0 and 1.5 K/min were conducted, and the information such as the temperature rise of the explosive center point and the ignition time was obtained. On that basis, and combined with numerical simulation of cook-off, the ignition position and temperature of explosives were predicted. The numerical simulation is in good agreement with the experimental results. The ignition time deviations of GOLA-1 explosive at heating rates of 1.0 and 1.5 K/min are 1.3% and 1.7%, respectively, indicating that the established simulation model is reasonable. On above basis, numerical simulations at different heating rates were carried out. The results show that when the heating rate decreased to 0.4 K/min, the ignition position moved from the annular area at the bottom edge of the charge to the lower part of the central axis of the charge column. As the heating rate continued to decrease, the ignition position gradually moved to the upper part of the charge, while the heating rate had little effect on the ignition temperature.
- HMX-based PBX /
- ammonium perchlorate /
- thermal safety /
- cook-off test

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图 1 小型烤燃弹实验装置示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of small-scale cook-off bomb experiment device

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图 2 小型烤燃弹的计算网格模型

Figure 2. Computational grid model of small-scale cook-off bomb

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图 3 点火后烤燃弹实物

Figure 3. Cook-off bombs after ignition

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图 4 GOLA-1炸药中心点的温度-时间曲线（1.0 K/min）

Figure 4. Temperature-time curves at the center point of GOLA-1 explosive (1.0 K/min)

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图 5 GOLA-1炸药中心点的温度-时间曲线（1.5 K/min）

Figure 5. Temperature-time curves at the center point of GOLA-1 explosive (1.5 K/min)

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图 6 1.0 K/min温升速率下不同时刻GOLA-1炸药的温度分布

Figure 6. Temperature distribution of GOLA-1 explosive at different time with the heating rate of 1.0 K/min

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图 7 1.5 K/min温升速率下不同时刻GOLA-1炸药的温度分布

Figure 7. Temperature distribution of GOLA-1 explosive at different time with the heating rate of 1.5 K/min

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图 8 1.0 K/min温升速率下点火点处的温度-时间曲线

Figure 8. Temperature-time curve of the ignition position with the heating rate of 1.0 K/min

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图 9 1.0 K/min温升速率下中心测温点处HMX的质量分数变化曲线

Figure 9. Mass fraction curves of HMX at the center point with the heating rate of 1.0 K/min

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图 10 1.0 K/min温升速率下点火点处HMX的质量分数变化曲线

Figure 10. Mass fraction curves of HMX at the ignition position with the heating rate of 1.0 K/min

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图 11 1.5 K/min温升速率下点火点处的温度-时间曲线

Figure 11. Temperature-time curve of the ignition position with the heating rate of 1.5 K/min

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图 12 1.5 K/min温升速率下中心测温点处HMX的质量分数变化曲线

Figure 12. Mass fraction curves of HMX at center point with the heating rate of 1.5 K/min

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图 13 1.5 K/min温升速率下点火点处HMX的质量分数变化曲线

Figure 13. Mass fraction curves of HMX at ignition position with the heating rate of 1.5 K/min

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图 14 1.5 K/min温升速率下中心测温点的AP转化率曲线

Figure 14. Conversion rate curve of AP at the center point with the heating rate of 1.5 K/min

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图 15 1.5 K/min温升速率下点火点的AP转化率曲线

Figure 15. Conversion rate curve of AP at ignition position with the heating rate of 1.5 K/min

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图 16 不同温升速率下点火位置的对比

Figure 16. Comparison of ignition positions with different heating rates

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图 17 温升速率对点火位置的影响

Figure 17. Effect of heating rate on ignition position

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表 1 HMX的反应动力学参数

Table 1. Reaction kinetic parameters of HMX

Reaction No.	Z/s⁻¹	ΔS_f/ (J∙mol⁻¹∙K⁻¹)	E_f/(kJ∙mol⁻¹)	ΔS_r/ (J∙mol⁻¹∙K⁻¹)	E_r/(kJ∙mol⁻¹)	Q/(J∙g⁻¹)
1		123.0	204	89.0	189	−25
2		−41.7	102	−75.2	865	−25
3	3.16×10¹⁶		200			−120
4	1.50×10¹⁴		173			3200

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表 2 Kel-F和AP的反应动力学参数

Table 2. Reaction kinetic parameters of Kel-F and AP

Component	Reaction No.	Z/s⁻¹	E/(kJ∙mol⁻¹)	Q/(J∙g⁻¹)
Kel-F	5	9.93×10¹⁷	272.0	−5870
AP	6	6.85×10¹²	146.3	297

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表 3 材料物性参数

Table 3. Parameters of material properties

Component	Density/(kg∙m⁻³)	C/(J·kg⁻¹·K)	λ/(W·m⁻¹·K)
HMX	1850	1004.26	0.5358
Kel-F	2020	1000.43	0.0527
AP	1950	1255	0.2760
Al	2719	871	1.39
Steel	8030	502.48	16.27
Air	1.225	1006.43	0.0242

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表 4 温升速率与点火位置的关系

Table 4. Heating rate vs. ignition position

No.	β/(K·min⁻¹)	x/m
1	0.40	0.0212
2	0.35	0.0220
3	0.30	0.0273
4	0.25	0.0287
5	0.20	0.0298
6	0.15	0.0334
7	0.10	0.0374

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