起爆方式对非圆截面装药结构释能特性的影响

张广华; 沈飞; 刘睿; 王辉

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20210894

起爆方式对非圆截面装药结构释能特性的影响

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20210894

张广华^1,,
沈飞¹,
刘睿²,
王辉^1,*, ,

1.
西安近代化学研究所，陕西西安　710065
2.
北京理工大学机电学院，北京　100081

基金项目: 国防重大科研基础专项（20190502）

详细信息

作者简介:
张广华（1987－），男，博士，副研究员，主要从事爆炸作用与毁伤技术研究.E-mail：guanghua0611@sina.com

通讯作者:
王　辉（1977－），男，硕士，研究员，主要从事炸药爆轰性能试验及理论研究.E-mail：land_wind@163.com

中图分类号: O381; TJ414
计量
- 文章访问数: 1074
- HTML全文浏览量: 431
- PDF下载量: 42
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-10-26
- 修回日期: 2021-11-04
- 录用日期: 2021-12-20
- 刊出日期: 2022-05-30

Influence of Detonation Modes on Energy Release Characteristics of a Charge with a Non-Circular Cross-Sectional Structure

ZHANG Guanghua^1
,,
SHEN Fei¹,
LIU Rui²,
WANG Hui^{1,*
, ,}

1.
Xiʼan Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xiʼan 710065, Shaanxi, China
2.
School of Mechatronical Engineeing, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

摘要

摘要: 为了研究不同起爆方式下非圆截面装药结构的释能规律，采用AUTODYN软件开展了非圆截面装药结构在不同起爆方式下的释能特性数值模拟，分析了起爆方式对爆轰波形演变、破片质量、破片初速的影响。结果表明：由于装药结构的特殊性，采用端部单点起爆时装药能量分布不均匀，部分区域产生大量的无效小质量破片，且不同位置处的破片初速波动较大；采用端部两点和端部三点起爆时，能够对爆轰能量起到匀化效果，减少无效破片数量，提升破片初速的一致性。由此证明通过调整起爆方式可以对非圆截面装药结构的能量输出结构进行有效调控，对其周向能量场起到匀化效果。
- 起爆方式 /
- 非圆截面装药 /
- 释能特性 /
- 爆轰波形 /
- 破片质量 /
- 破片初速
Abstract: In order to study the energy release law of a charge with a non-circular cross-sectional structure under the influence of initiation modes, the energy release characteristics of the charge with a non-circular cross-sectional structure under different initiation modes were calculated by AUTODYN simulation software, then effects of initiation modes on the evolution of detonation waveforms, and masses and initial velocities of fragments were analyzed. The results show that, due to particularity of the charge’s structure, energy distribution of the charge is uneven when using single-endpoint initiation, which results in a large number of invalid fragments with small masses in some areas, and a large fluctuation of initial velocities of fragments at different positions. When the two-endpoint and three-endpoint initiation modes are adopted, the detonation energy is homogenized, the number of invalid fragments is reduced, and the consistency of fragments’ initial velocities is improved. It proves that the energy output structure of a charge with a non-circular cross-sectional structure could be effectively regulated by adjusting the initiation mode, and the circumferential energy field could be homogenized.
- initiation modes /
- non-circular cross-sectional charge /
- energy release characteristic /
- detonation waveform /
- fragment mass /
- fragment velocity

HTML全文

图 1 战斗部截面

Figure 1. Cross section of the warhead

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 不同起爆点位置

Figure 2. Positions of different initiation points

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 有限元模型

Figure 3. Finite element model

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 分幅观测试验布局

Figure 4. Test layout for framing observation

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 数值模拟结果与试验结果的对比

Figure 5. Comparison of simulation and test results

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 不同起爆方式下的爆轰波形演变

Figure 6. Evolution of detonation waveforms under different initiation modes

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 不同起爆方式下的壳体破裂过程

Figure 7. Fracturing process of shell under different initiation modes

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 装药区域划分

Figure 8. Area division of a charge

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 两点起爆时的马赫反射区

Figure 9. Mach reflection zones withtwo-endpoint initiation mode

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 破片初速沿径向分布曲线

Figure 10. Radial distribution of fragments’ initial velocities

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 不同部件的网格划分

Table 1. Meshing of different parts

Part	Grid size/mm	Elements number	Nodes number	Grid quality
Shell	3	9 702	12 320	≥0.95
Charge	3	66 943	87 695	≥0.90
Air	1	1 450 000		≥0.95

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 空气参数

Table 2. Parameters of the air

$\gamma $	$\rho $/(g·cm⁻³)	e/kJ	p_shift/GPa
1.4	0.001 225	206.8	0

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 炸药参数

Table 3. Parameters of the explosive

D_CJ/(km·s⁻¹)	p_CJ/GPa	A/GPa	B/GPa	R₁	R₂	$\omega $	E₀/(kJ·cm⁻³)
7.98	29.5	524.23	7.678	4.2	1.1	0.34	8.5

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 壳体参数

Table 4. Parameters of the shell

A₀/MPa	B₀/MPa	C	n	m	T₀/K	T_m/K	${\dot \varepsilon}$₀/s⁻¹
792	510	0.014	0.26	1.03	294	1 793	1

下载: 导出CSV

表 5 破片质量分布

Table 5. Mass distribution of fragments

Mass range/g	Fragments number
Mass range/g	Single-endpoint	Two-endpoint	Three-endpoint
4.0–8.0	12	10	8
1.0–4.0	86	112	120
0.8–1.0	40	52	62
0.6–0.8	32	52	54
0.4–0.6	94	104	102
<0.4	254	198	186
Total	518	528	532

下载: 导出CSV

表 6 破片速度分布

Table 6. Velocity distribution of fragments

Detonation mode	Velocity range/(m·s⁻¹)	Average velocity/(m·s⁻¹)	Velocity standard deviation/(m·s⁻¹)
Single-endpoint	1 551–1 758	1 660	64
Two-endpoint	1 572–1 735	1 649	37
Three-endpoint	1 563–1 760	1 657	39

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(17)

[1]	李元, 赵倩, 熊诗辉, 等. 一种异面棱柱战斗部威力特性的数值模拟 [J]. 含能材料, 2019, 27(2): 97–103. doi: 10.11943/CJEM2018143 LI Y, ZHAO Q, XIONG S H, et al. Numerical modeling on lethality of a faceted prismatic warhead [J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2019, 27(2): 97–103. doi: 10.11943/CJEM2018143
[2]	诸德放, 冯长根, 李友, 等. 基于Gurney假设的一种非对称型战斗部破片初速计算 [J]. 弹箭与制导学报, 2006, 26(1): 74–76. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-9728.2006.01.024 ZHU D F, FENG C G, LI Y, et al. Calculation of first velocity of the unsymmetrical warheadʼ fragment based on Gurney hypothesis [J]. Journal of Projectiles, Rockets, Missiles and Guidance, 2006, 26(1): 74–76. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-9728.2006.01.024
[3]	王成, 付晓磊, 宁建国. 起爆方式对聚能射流性能影响的数值分析 [J]. 北京理工大学学报, 2006, 26(5): 401–404. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-0645.2006.05.006 WANG C, FU X L, NING J G. Numerical simulation of shaped charge jet formation under different ways of initiation [J]. Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology, 2006, 26(5): 401–404. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-0645.2006.05.006
[4]	武双章, 顾文彬, 李裕春, 等. 环形向内切割聚能装药射流成型性能研究 [J]. 含能材料, 2017, 25(11): 896–902. doi: 10.11943/j.issn.1006-9941.2017.11.003 WU S Z, GU W B, LI Y C, et al. Jet formation performance of circular shaped charge of cutting inward [J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Material, 2017, 25(11): 896–902. doi: 10.11943/j.issn.1006-9941.2017.11.003
[5]	陈伟, 马宏昊, 沈兆武, 等. 起爆方式对环向聚能射流成型影响的数值模拟 [J]. 高压物理学报, 2015, 29(6): 419–424. doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.2015.06.003 CHEN W, MA H H, SHEN Z W, et al. Numerical simulation of influence of different modes of initiation on the forming of radial shaped jet [J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2015, 29(6): 419–424. doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.2015.06.003
[6]	刘健峰, 龙源, 纪冲, 等. 含偏心起爆对EFP战斗部飞行特性的影响 [J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2015, 35(3): 335–342. doi: 10.11883/1001-1455-(2015)03-0335-08 LIU J F, LONG Y, JI C, et al. Effect of eccentric initiation on the flight characteristics and ballistic dispersion of EFP [J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2015, 35(3): 335–342. doi: 10.11883/1001-1455-(2015)03-0335-08
[7]	RONDOT F. Tracking the “poorness” of a linear shaped charge [C]//23^rd International Symposium on Ballistic. Tarragona, Spain: International Ballistic Committee, 2007: 169–176.
[8]	黄正祥, 张先锋, 陈惠武. 起爆方式对聚能杆式侵彻体成型的影响 [J]. 兵工学报, 2004, 25(3): 289–291. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-1093.2004.03.008 HUANG Z X, ZHANG X F, CHEN H W. Influence of modes of detonation on the mechanism of jetting projectile charge [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2004, 25(3): 289–291. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-1093.2004.03.008
[9]	刘明涛, 汤铁钢, 胡海波, 等. 不同起爆方式下炸药驱动柱壳膨胀断裂的数值模拟 [J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2014, 34(4): 415–420. doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2014)04-0415-06 LIU M T, TANG T G, HU H B, et al. Numerical studies of explosion induced cylindrical shell fracture under different detonating modes [J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2014, 34(4): 415–420. doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2014)04-0415-06
[10]	范中波, 周淑荣, 杭义洪, 等. 爆炸变形式定向战斗部的数值仿真研究 [J]. 兵工学报, 2001, 22(3): 334–337. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-1093.2001.03.013 FAN Z B, ZHOU S R, HANG Y H, et al. Numerical investigation of detonatively deformable aimable warhead [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2001, 22(3): 334–337. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-1093.2001.03.013
[11]	刘琛, 李元, 李燕华, 等. 偏心起爆方式对棱柱形定向战斗部破片飞散规律的影响 [J]. 含能材料, 2017, 25(1): 63–68. doi: 10.11943/j.issn.1006-9941.2017.01.011 LIU C, LI Y, LI Y H, et al. Influence of eccentric initiation ways on fragment dispersion rule of prismatic aimable warhead [J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2017, 25(1): 63–68. doi: 10.11943/j.issn.1006-9941.2017.01.011
[12]	HELD M. Velocity enhanced warheads [J]. Journal of Explosives and Propellants, 2001, 17(2): 1–12.
[13]	周唯潇, 王雅君, 于佳鑫, 等. 起爆方式对复合战斗部毁伤输出的影响 [J]. 高压物理学报, 2021, 35(1): 015101. doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20200593 ZHOU W X, WANG Y J, YU J X, et al. Effect of initial detonation method on damage power of composite warhead [J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2021, 35(1): 015101. doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20200593
[14]	鲁忠宝, 黎勤, 哈海荣. 不同能量输出结构战斗部水下爆炸毁伤威力试验研究 [J]. 水下无人系统学报, 2019, 27(1): 71–77. LU Z B, LI Q, HA H R. Experimental study on underwater explosion damage power of warhead with different energy output configuration [J]. Journal of Unmanned Undersea Systems, 2019, 27(1): 71–77.
[15]	李贝, 余文力, 王文欣, 等. 中心装药起爆方式对FAE影响的仿真研究 [J]. 兵工自动化, 2014, 33(11): 30–33. doi: 10.7690/bgzdh.2014.11.009 LI B, YU W L, WANG W X, et al. Simulation and research on influence of center charge ignition method on FAE [J]. Ordnance Industry Automation, 2014, 33(11): 30–33. doi: 10.7690/bgzdh.2014.11.009
[16]	JONATHAN P G, GREG F, COLIN H. Numerical simulation of fragmentation using AUTODYN-2D & 3D in explosive ordnance safety assessment [C]//Proceedings of 6th PARARI International Explosive Ordnance Symposium. Canberra, Australia, 2003.
[17]	王力, 韩峰, 陈放, 等. 偏心对称起爆战斗部破片初速的增益 [J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2016, 36(1): 69–74. doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2016)01-0069-06 WANG L, HAN F, CHEN F, et al. Fragmentsʼ velocity of eccentric warhead with double symmetric detonators [J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2016, 36(1): 69–74. doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2016)01-0069-06