Design and Energy Absorption Characteristic of Improved FCC Lattice Materials
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摘要: 基于金属微观晶体结构，设计了一种改进型面心立方（FCC）晶格材料。利用 ABAQUS有限元软件，对体心立方（BCC）及FCC晶格材料进行了准静态与速度为10～100 m/s的动态加载数值模拟，定量分析了两种晶格材料的能量吸收性能，给出了动态加载下晶格材料压缩平台应力及塑性能量耗散的半经验公式。结果表明：在准静态压缩载荷下，相同相对密度的FCC晶格比BCC晶格具有更优异的能量吸收性能，当相对密度为10.5%～10.6%时，FCC晶格材料的归一化比吸能是BCC晶格材料的2.6倍。此外，与常见负泊松比材料及大部分桁架晶格材料相比，相同相对密度的FCC晶格材料具有更高的比刚度、能量吸收效率及压缩力效率。Abstract: Inspired by the metal crystal structures, the improved face centered cubic (FCC) lattice material was designed. The finite element simulations were carried out through ABAQUS, both for body centered cubic (BCC) and FCC lattice materials subjected to quasi-static compression and dynamic impact (10−100 m/s), respectively. The energy absorption characteristic of these two lattice materials were quantitatively analyzed and compared. Moreover, the semi-empirical formulae for plateau stress and plastic energy dissipation under dynamic loading were proposed. The results show that when undergoing quasi-static compression, the energy absorption capability of FCC lattice is better than that of BCC lattice with the same relative density, while the normalized specific energy absorption is 2.6 times larger than that of BCC lattice when the relative density is 10.5%−10.6%. In addition, maintaining the same relative density, FCC lattice performs larger specific stiffness, higher energy absorption efficiency and better compression force efficiency compared with most of the common negative Poisson’s ratio materials and truss lattice materials.
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图 1 两种仿金属晶体结构的单元晶格
Figure 1. Unit cells of two lattices inspired by metal crystal structures
图 3 相对密度理论模型与CAD结果的比较
Figure 3. Comparison of the predictions of relative density between theoretical results and calculation with CAD models
图 4 相对密度为10.5% 的BCC和FCC晶格材料的能量验证
Figure 4. Energy verification of BCC and FCC lattice materials in case of relative density 10.5%
图 5 BCC和FCC晶格材料的准静态压缩变形模式
Figure 5. Quasi-static deformation modes for BCC and FCC lattice materials
图 6 准静态压缩晶格材料的应力-应变响应
Figure 6. Stress-strain response curves of lattice materials under quasi-static compression
图 8 相同相对密度下不同晶格材料在1～100 m/s速度范围内的能量吸收特性对比
Figure 8. Comparison of energy absorption for different lattice with the same relative density at various velocities of 1–100 m/s
图 9 不同冲击速度下晶格材料的应力-应变响应
Figure 9. Stress-strain curves of lattice materials subjected to impact at different velocities
图 10 承载能力波动及压缩力效率与冲击速度的关系
Figure 10. Trends of undulation of load-carrying capacity and CFE versus the impact velocity
图 11 密实化应变(a)、平台应力(b)以及塑性能量耗散(c)与冲击速度的关系
Figure 11. Trends of onset strain of densification (a), plateau stress (b), and plastic energy dissipation (c) versus the impact velocity
图 12 BCC及FCC晶格材料与其他材料的归一化弹性模量-相对密度关系比较
Figure 12. Comparison of normalized Young’s modulus versus relative density for BCC and FCC lattice materials with other materials
图 13 BCC及FCC晶格材料与其他材料的吸能效率(a)、压缩力效率(b)和归一化比吸能UM,n (c)比较
Figure 13. Comparison of energy absorption efficiency (a), compression force efficiency (b) and specific energy absorption UM,n (c) for BCC and FCC lattice materials with other materials
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