Experimental Investigation of Spall Damage in Pure Aluminum with Helium Bubbles
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摘要: 含氦泡材料的动态断裂性能是多个研究领域关注的重点。采用平板冲击实验技术，对含有氦泡、硼等杂质的铝材料进行了层裂实验研究，由双光源混频系统分别测量了纯铝、掺硼铝以及两种氦浓度的含氦泡铝样品的自由面速度，对比分析了不同杂质影响下铝材料的层裂强度及其差异。实验显示：纯铝的层裂强度为1.28 GPa，引入硼杂质使铝的层裂强度显著降低，降低幅度接近50%；中子辐照掺硼铝引入氦泡后，对铝的层裂性能没有造成进一步影响，说明采用中子辐照掺硼铝方法制备含氦泡铝时，氦泡效应不显著，即氦泡对材料的动态断裂性能影响有限。此外，根据实验测量结果，简要讨论了硼和氦泡等对铝的Hugoniot弹性极限的影响。Abstract: The dynamic fracture behavior of material containing helium bubbles is the focus of many research fields. In this work, the spall damage of pure aluminum containing boron inclusions or helium bubbles is studied by plane impact experiments. The experiments were done for three types of targets: pure aluminum, Al-10B and neutron irradiated Al-10B to obtain helium bubbles. The targets response to the dynamic loading was obtained from the free surface velocity profiles which were measured by dual laser heterodyne velocimetry. The results show that, the spall strength and Hugoniot elastic limit of these targets were calculated. It is found that the spall strength of pure aluminum is 1.28 GPa, and the addition of 10B in pure aluminum reduces the spall strength of material by about 50%. However, Al-10B with helium bubbles is not found to have higher spall strength compared to samples without bubbles, which means that the influence of helium bubble on the dynamic fracture properties of the material is not significant. In addition, the effects of boron and helium bubbles on the Hugoniot elastic pole of aluminum are discussed.
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Key words:
- boron /
- helium bubbles /
- pure aluminum /
- irradiation damage /
- spall strength
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图 1 平板冲击实验原理图(a)及典型的样品自由面速度剖面(b)
Figure 1. Schematic of plane shock experiment (a) and the typical free surface velocity of the sample (b)
图 2 纯铝、掺硼铝和氦泡铝Ⅰ样品的自由面速度剖面
Figure 2. Free surface velocities of pure Al, Al-10B and Al with helium bubbles Ⅰ
图 3 两种氦浓度的氦泡铝（辐照掺硼铝）样品的自由面速度剖面
Figure 3. Free surface velocity profiles of two neutron irradiated Al-10B samples with different helium density
表 1 实验数据
Table 1. Experimental data
Exp. No. LY12
thickness/mmFlyer
velocity/(m·s−1)Sample
thickness/mmYhel/GPa $\sigma $spall/GPa $ \dot{\varepsilon } $/(104 s−1) Material Shot 1 1.500 654 2.925 0.062 1.28 9.1 Al 2.736 0.123 0.62 7.8 Al with He bubbles Ⅰ Shot 2 1.503 603 3.050 0.130 0.55 4.3 Al-10B (0.07% 10B) Shot 3 1.500 720 2.776 0.153 0.69 8.6 Al with He bubbles Ⅱ 
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表 2 密度和声速
Table 2. Density and sound velocity
Material ${\,\rho }$0/(g·cm−3) c1/(km·s−1) ct/(km·s−1) cb/(km·s−1) Al 2.699 6.561 3.130 5.476 Al with He bubbles Ⅰ 2.696 6.514 3.180 5.381 Al-10B (0.07% 10B) 2.699 6.542 3.155 5.434 Al with He bubbles Ⅱ 2.695 6.505 3.215 5.341
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