不同类型装药侵彻安全性数值模拟

白晨; 杨昆; 吴艳青; 高洪泉; 薛海蛟

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20210754

不同类型装药侵彻安全性数值模拟

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20210754

白晨^1,,
杨昆¹,
吴艳青^1,*, ,,
高洪泉²,
薛海蛟¹

1.
北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室，北京　100081
2.
火箭军研究院，北京　100094

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（11872119）；博士后科学基金（BX20200046，2020M680394）

详细信息

作者简介:
白　晨（1997－），男，硕士研究生，主要从事弹药安全性研究. E-mail：906587639@qq.com

通讯作者:
吴艳青（1974－），女，博士，教授，主要从事高能炸药细观力学研究. E-mail：wuyqing@bit.edu.cn

中图分类号: O341; TJ55
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-03-27
- 修回日期: 2021-04-16

Numerical Simulation for PBX Charges Safety of Different Types During Penetration

1.
State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
2.
Academy of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing 100094, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究侵彻过程典型装药的力学响应和损伤点火过程，采用高聚物黏结炸药微裂纹-微孔洞力热化学耦合细观模型，对侵彻过程中PBX装药的力学响应、应力波传播情况和损伤-温升机理进行了研究，标定了两类炸药的本构模型参数，对比分析了压装PBX04和浇注GOFL-5两类装药的力学-损伤-温升响应的差异性。结果表明：GOFL-5炸药的屈服强度、硬化模量、初始微裂纹密度和微裂纹尺寸均小于PBX04炸药；加载初期，压装药头部微裂纹损伤高于浇注药；整个侵彻过程中，两类炸药的微裂纹损伤较严重区域均为装药头部和尾部；剪切裂纹热点为压装药主导的温升机制，且浇注药GOFL-5在侵彻过程中的温升较压装药PBX04更低。
- PBX炸药 /
- 弹体侵彻 /
- 微裂纹-微孔洞模型 /
- 装药安全性
Abstract: In order to analyze the mechanical response and damage-ignition process of typical explosive charges in projectiles during penetrating concrete targets, the combined microcrack and microvoid model (CMM) were used to investigate the compressive wave propagation, damage and temperature rise mechanism of PBX charge in penetration process. The constitutive model parameters of two kinds of explosives were calibrated. Meanwhile, the difference between two typical PBXs (pressed PBX04 and casted GOFL-5) in response to penetration process is compared. The results show that, the yield strength, hardening modulus, initial microcrack density and microcrack size of GOFL-5 are lower than those of PBX04. The damage of microcrack in the head of PBX04 is higher than that of GOFL-5 in the initial loading stage. During the whole penetration process, the most serious microcrack damage areas of the two kinds of explosives are the head and tail. Shear-crack hotspot is the dominated ignition mechanism for PBX04, and the temperature rise of GOFL-5 is lower than that of PBX04.
- PBX explosive /
- projectile penetration /
- microcrack-microvoid model /
- charge safety

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图 1 CMM模型所考虑的微缺陷演化机制与变形机制示意图

Figure 1. Conceptual diagram of all kinds of considered mechanisms in the current model

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图 2 计算与实验得到的两类炸药在不同应变率下的应力-应变曲线

Figure 2. Calculated and experimental stress-strain curves of two kinds of explosives at different strain rates

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图 3 有限元计算模型

Figure 3. Finite element calculation model

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图 4 压装药PBX04的压力演化情况

Figure 4. Pressure evolution of PBX04

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图 5 浇注药GOFL-5的压力演化情况

Figure 5. Pressure evolution of GOFL-5

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图 6 不同时刻两类炸药微裂纹损伤演化情况

Figure 6. Evolution of microcrack damage of two kinds of explosives

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图 7 不同时刻两类炸药的微孔洞损伤演化

Figure 7. Evolution of microvoid damage of two kinds of explosives

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图 8 不同时刻PBX04中微裂纹与微孔洞相关热点温度曲线

Figure 8. Microcrack and microvoid related hotspot temperature evolution curves for PBX04

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图 9 不同时刻GOFL-5中微裂纹与微孔洞相关热点温度曲线

Figure 9. Microcrack and microvoid related hotspot temperature evolution curves for GOFL-5

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图 10 微裂纹不同扩展形态示意图

Figure 10. Schematic diagram of different propagation patterns of microcracks

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图 11 PBX04装药中不同位置的微裂纹状态频率分布

Figure 11. Frequency distribution of microcracks state in different positions of PBX04 charge

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表 1 GOFL-5与PBX04材料参数

Table 1. Material parameters for GOFL-5 and PBX04

Material	$\;\rho$ ₀/(kg·m⁻³)	G/GPa	$\nu$	G₁/MPa		G₂/MPa	G₃/MPa	G₄/MPa	G₅/MPa	${\tau{_1^{-1} } } /{\rm{s} }{^{-1} }$
GOFL-5	1 750	0.55	0.3	167		30.45	90.03	185.6	120.0	0
PBX04	1 820	8.25	0.3	1 940		1 175.00	1 521.00	1 909.0	1 688.0	0

Material	${\tau{_2^{-1} } } /{\rm{s} }{^{-1} }$	${\tau{_3^{-1} } } /{\rm{s} }{^{-1} }$	${\tau{_4^{-1} } } /{\rm{s} }{^{-1} }$	${\tau{_5^{-1} } } /{\rm{s} }{^{-1} }$		$\sigma{{_0}}$ /MPa	C	h/MPa	n	${\bar c}$ ₀/μm
GOFL-5	7.32 × 10³	7.32 × 10⁴	7.32 × 10⁵	7.32 × 10⁶		2.2	0.76	4.5	0.45	30
PBX04	9.00 × 10³	9.00 × 10⁴	9.00 × 10⁵	2.00 × 10⁶		40.0	0.10	1500.0	1.00	30

Material	N₀/cm⁻³	$\bar \gamma$ /(J·m⁻²)	${\dot c_{\max }}$ /(m·s^–1)	$\;\mu_{\rm{s}}$	m	f₀/(m·s^–1)	k_w	c₀/(m·s^–1)	s	$\varGamma$
GOFL-5	3	0.5	300	0.3	5.0	0.01	2.0	1 000	0.46	0.89
PBX04	300	1.4	300	0.5	5.0	0.01	2.0	2 500	2.26	1.50

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表 2 弹体材料参数

Table 2. Parameters of projectile material

Physical properties					Johnson-Cook model
$\;\rho$ /(g·cm⁻³)	c/(J·kg⁻¹·K⁻¹)	$\kappa$ /(kW·m⁻¹·K⁻¹)	$\alpha$ /(m·K⁻¹)	T_m/℃	G/GPa	N	M
7.82	478	38.11	3.24 × 10⁻⁵	1 793.15	774.97	0.26	1.03

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Johnson-Cook model				Damage model
C₁/MPa	C₂/MPa	C₃	C₄	D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅
792.21	509.52	1.4	0	–0.8	2.1	–0.5	20.0	0.61

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表 3 混凝土靶板材料参数

Table 3. Material parameters of concrete plate target

Physical properties				HJC model
$\;\rho$ /(g·cm⁻³)	c/(J·kg⁻¹·K⁻¹)	κ/(kW·m⁻¹·K⁻¹)	α/(m·K⁻¹)	G/GPa	F_C/MPa	A	B	N	C
2.28	654	1.76	4.32 × 10⁻⁵	16.40	40.68	0.75	1.65	0.76	7.0 × 10⁻³

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HJC model							Damage model
p_C/MPa	U_C	p_L/GPa	U_L	K₁/GPa	K₂/GPa	K₃/GPa	D₁	D₂	$\varepsilon$ _min
13.56	5.80 × 10⁻⁴	1.05	0.10	17.40	38.80	29.80	0.03	1.0	0.01

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