高压气体载荷下预制破片与空气冲击波的运动关系

夏晓旭; 宁建国; 李健

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20210749

高压气体载荷下预制破片与空气冲击波的运动关系

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20210749

北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室，北京　100081

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（11702026）

详细信息

作者简介:
夏晓旭（1994－），男，硕士研究生，主要从事战斗部数值仿真研究. E-mail：3120180256@bit.edu.cn

通讯作者:
李　健（1985－），男，博士，讲师，主要从事爆轰物理研究. E-mail：jian_li@bit.edu.cn

中图分类号: O389; TJ410.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-03-18
- 修回日期: 2021-04-15

Study on Motion Law of Prefabricated Fragment and Air Shock Wave under High Pressure Gas Load

State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

摘要

摘要: 冲击波与破片的运动关系直接决定两者对目标的联合毁伤效果，采用有限体积方法和网格自适应技术，对高温高压气体载荷作用下圆形刚体破片的运动规律、冲击波的衰减规律以及两者的运动关系进行了数值模拟研究。结果表明，高温高压气团形成的冲击波与破片作用发生反射和透射，在破片前后形成的压力差是导致其加速的主要原因。在破片数量一定的情况下，破片距离高温高压气团中心越远，初速越小。当破片与高温高压气团中心的间距相同时，破片数量越多，初速越大。同时研究发现，冲击波与刚体球存在复杂的追逐关系：当初速较大时，破片和冲击波相遇两次；初速减小时，二者相遇一次；初速进一步减小时，二者不能相遇。冲击波与刚体球破片的前后关系将会影响它们对目标的毁伤是否存在耦合关系。
- 预制破片 /
- 空气冲击波 /
- 绕射 /
- 相遇 /
- 运动关系
Abstract: The motion relationship between shock wave and fragment directly determines the coupled damage effect on the target. In the present study, the finite volume method and mesh adaptive technique are used to study the motion of the circular rigid body, the attenuation of the shock wave and the motion law of both under the high temperature and high pressure gas loads. The results show that the shock wave formed by high temperature and high pressure air masses reflects and diffracts from the cylindrical fragments, and the pressure difference formed before and after the fragments is the main reason for its acceleration. In cases with a fixed number of fragments, the larger the spaces between the fragments and the center, the lower the initial velocities. When the space is fixed, the greater the number of fragments, the larger the initial velocities. In addition, it is also found that there is a complicated chase relationship between the leading shock wave and the fragment. When the initial velocity is large, the fragment and the shock wave is found to meet twice. With the initial velocity decreasing they meet one time. With the initial velocity decreasing further they cannot meet. The front-to-back relationship between the shock wave and the fragments is expected to affect whether there is a coupled damage to the target.
- prefabricated fragment /
- air shock wave /
- diffraction /
- encounter /
- motion

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图 1 模型示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the model

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图 2 计算域设置示意图

Figure 2. Schematic of the computational domain

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图 3 网格收敛性测试结果

Figure 3. Grid resolution test results

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图 4 工况24-d0.02不同时刻密度纹影图

Figure 4. Schlieren diagram of density at different moments in case 24-d0.02

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图 5 工况24-d0.02不同时刻空间压力曲线

Figure 5. Pressure distribution at different moments in case 24-d0.02

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图 6 工况24-d0.02不同时刻的密度纹影图

Figure 6. Local schlieren photography at different moments in case 24-d0.02

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图 7 不同工况下冲击波和破片的速度及位移时程曲线

Figure 7. Time history curves of velocity and displacement of shock wave and fragment in different cases

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图 8 工况30-d0.04中局部的压力云图

Figure 8. Local pressure contours in case 30-d0.04

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图 9 不同工况下破片速度的空间分布曲线

Figure 9. Spatial distribution of fragment velocity under different working conditions

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图 10 不同工况下相遇时n-t、n-x、n-v曲线

Figure 10. n-t, n-x, n-v curves of encounter under different working conditions

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图 11 统计出的破片-冲击波的相遇情况

Figure 11. Encountering statistics of the fragment and shock wave

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表 1 数值模拟初始参数

Table 1. Initial parameters of numerical simulation

R/m $\;\rho$₀/(g·cm⁻³) p₀/GPa r/m $\;\rho $_s0/(g·cm⁻³) l/m

0.05 1.6 2.688 0.01 7.8 150

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