新型仿竹薄壁圆管的设计与吸能特性分析

于鹏山; 刘志芳; 李世强

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20210710

新型仿竹薄壁圆管的设计与吸能特性分析

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20210710

太原理工大学机械与运载工程学院应用力学研究所，山西太原　030024

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（11772216，12072219）

详细信息

作者简介:
于鹏山（1994－），男，硕士研究生，主要从事金属薄壁结构的耐撞性研究. E-mail：1850068840@qq.com

通讯作者:
刘志芳（1971－），女，博士，副教授，主要从事弹塑性力学研究. E-mail：liuzhifang@tyut.edu.cn

中图分类号: O341
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-01-19
- 修回日期: 2021-02-04

Design and Energy Absorption Characteristic Analysis of a New Bio-Bamboo Thin-Walled Circular Tube

Institute of Applied Mechanics, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China

摘要

摘要: 受自然界毛竹微观结构的启发，在传统双圆管结构的基础上，在内、外圆管之间引入双菱形肋骨，设计了一种新型仿竹薄壁圆管。基于超折叠单元理论，建立了轴向压缩时仿竹薄壁圆管的理论分析模型。利用ABAQUS 有限元软件对新型仿竹薄壁圆管进行轴向压缩的数值模拟，分析了双菱形肋骨数、内管直径、壁厚等因素对新型仿竹薄壁管耐撞性和变形模式的影响，并与传统双圆管结构进行了对比。结果表明：理论预测与数值模拟结果吻合，平均压缩力和比吸能的误差均在10%以内。与传统双圆管相比，新型仿竹薄壁圆管的比吸能提高了83.61%，压缩力效率提高了198.65%。肋骨数对结构耐撞性能有显著影响，随着双菱形肋骨数目的增加，结构的比吸能逐渐增加，初始峰值力也随之提高；肋骨数较少时，结构出现局部屈曲变形，影响其吸能能力。内管直径越小，初始峰值力越高；内管直径越大，比吸能越小。
- 仿生竹 /
- 双菱形肋骨 /
- 薄壁圆管 /
- 比吸能
Abstract: Inspired by the microstructure of natural bamboo, a new bio-bamboo thin-walled tube was designed by introducing double-rhombic ribs between inner and outer tubes on the basis of the traditional double-circular tube structure. Based on the theory of simplified super folding element, theoretical models of bio-bamboo circular tubes under axial compression were established. Finite element software ABAQUS was used to simulate the axial compression of these models. For crashworthiness and deformation mode of bio-bamboo thin-walled tube, the effects of those number of double-rhombic ribs, diameter of inner tube, wall thickness were analyzed, and it was compared with the traditional structure. The results show that the theoretical prediction is consistent with numerical simulation, and the errors of average compression force and specific energy absorption are less than 10%. Compared with traditional double-circular tube, the specific energy absorption of the bio-bamboo thin-walled tube is increased by 83.61% and the compression force efficiency is increased by 198.65%. The number of ribs has a significant effect on the crashworthiness of the structure. With the number increase of double-rhombic ribs, both specific structural energy absorption and peak crushing force increases. When the number of ribs is small, the structure appears local buckling deformation, which affects the energy absorption crashworthiness. The smaller the diameter of inner tube, the higher the initial peak force, and the larger the diameter of inner tube, the smaller the energy absorption.
- bio-bamboo /
- double-rhombic ribs /
- thin-walled circular tube /
- specific energy absorption

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图 1 仿生竹结构设计

Figure 1. Structural design of bionic bamboo

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图 2 RNL2BT仿竹薄壁圆管有限元模型

Figure 2. Finite element models of RNL2BT bionic tubes

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图 3 数值模拟与实验^[12]结果对比

Figure 3. Comparison between numerical simulation and experiment results^[12]

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图 4 简化超折叠单元模式：(a)拉伸单元，(b)弯曲塑性铰线，(c)基本折叠单元凸缘完全压缩

Figure 4. Schematic diagrams of the simplified super folding elements (SSFE): (a) extensional elements, (b) bending plastic hinge lines, (c) basic folding element with fully compressed flange

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图 5 结构基本单元分布与简化

Figure 5. Distribution and simplification of basic constitutive elements

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图 6 基本角单元

Figure 6. Basic angle element

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图 7 RNL2BT和TBCT的载荷-位移曲线

Figure 7. Load-displacement curves of RNL2BT and TBCT

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图 8 具有不同肋骨数的RNL2BT的耐撞性比较：(a)载荷-位移曲线，(b)R8L2BT和TBCT的载荷-位移曲线，(c)初始峰值力和比吸能，(d)压缩力效率

Figure 8. Crashworthiness comparison of RNL2BT with different number of ribs: (a) load-displacement curves, (b) load-displacement curves of R8L2BT and TBCT, (c) PCF and SEA, (d) compression force efficiency (CFE)

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图 9 RNL2BT仿竹薄壁圆管的变形模式（管质量为108.9 g）

Figure 9. Deformation modes of RNL2BT bionic-bamboo thin-walled circular tube (The mass of tube is 108.9 g.)

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图 10 不同内管直径和壁厚的R8L2BT的耐撞性比较： (a)初始峰值力，(b)平均压缩力，(c)比吸能，(d)压缩力效率

Figure 10. Crashworthiness comparison of R8L2BT with different inner circle diameters and wall thicknesses: (a) peak crushing force (PCF), (b) mean crushing force (MCF), (c) specific energy absorption (SEA), (d) crushing force efficiency (CFE)

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图 11 不同内管直径的R8L2BT的变形模式(t = 0.8 mm)：(a)R8L2BT等效塑性应变d = 30 mm，(b) d = 10 mm，(c) d = 20 mm，(d) d = 30 mm，(e) d = 40 mm，(f) d = 50 mm

Figure 11. R8L2BT deformation modes with different inner tube diameters(t = 0.8 mm): (a) equivalent plastic strain nephogram of R8L2BT (d=30 mm), (b) d = 10 mm, (c) d = 20 mm，(d) d = 30 mm, (e) d = 40 mm, (f) d = 50 mm

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图 12 不同壁厚管的压缩响应

Figure 12. Compression responses of tubes with different wall thicknesses

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图 13 PCF与SEA的响应面

Figure 13. Response surfaces of PCF and SEA

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表 1 数值模拟与理论计算结果对比

Table 1. Comparison between numerical simulation and theoretical calculation results

Type	MCF			SEA
Type	Num./kN	Theor./kN	Error/%	Num./(J·g⁻¹)	Theor./(J·g⁻¹)	Error/%
R4L2BT	53.59	52.59	−1.86	35.14	34.47	−1.88
R6L2BT	66.96	66.49	−0.71	38.42	38.15	−0.69
R8L2BT	86.04	80.51	−6.34	40.69	38.07	−6.33
R10L2BT	104.52	95.54	−8.59	49.99	45.69	−8.59
R12L2BT	121.22	115.45	−4.75	51.54	49.08	−4.75
R14L2BT	134.51	124.51	−7.43	55.42	51.77	−6.57

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表 2 R8L2BT与TBCT耐撞性比较

Table 2. Comparison of crashworthiness between R8L2BT and TBCT

Type	Mass/g	EA/J	SEA/(J·g⁻¹)	PCF/kN	MCF/kN	CFE/%	t/mm
R8L2BT	119.8	5703.52	47.62	85.76	77.94	90.88	0.9
TBCT	119.8	3106.41	25.93	85.18	25.93	30.44	1.4

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