冲击载荷下金属材料的微结构-加载特性-层裂响应关系概述

蔡洋; 李超; 卢磊

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20200648

冲击载荷下金属材料的微结构-加载特性-层裂响应关系概述

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20200648

蔡洋^1,,
李超^2,*, ,,
卢磊²

1.
顶峰多尺度科学研究所，四川成都　610027
2.
西南交通大学材料科学与工程学院，四川成都　610031

基金项目: 科学挑战计划（TZ2018001）

详细信息

作者简介:
蔡　洋（1990－），男，博士，副研究员，主要从事材料动态力学响应研究. E-mail：caiy@pims.ac.cn

通讯作者:
李　超（1990－），男，博士，助理教授，主要从事金属材料变形损伤研究. E-mail：cli@swjtu.edu.cn

中图分类号: O347.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-12-01
- 修回日期: 2021-02-01

Effects of Microstructure and Loading Characteristics on Spallation of Metallic Materials under Shock Loading

CAI Yang^1
,,
LI Chao^{2,*
, ,},
LU Lei²

1.
The Peac Institute of Multiscale Sciences, Chengdu 610027, Sichuan, China
2.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 鉴于冲击载荷下金属材料的变形损伤具有微结构和加载特征的依赖性，对国内外有关层裂现象的研究进展进行了简要梳理与总结。概述了晶粒尺寸、织构、晶界类型、相界和元素偏析带等结构对金属材料变形损伤的影响，重点阐述了脉冲宽度、应变率和峰值应力等加载特征对金属材料层裂强度的耦合作用，为了解冲击载荷下金属材料微结构、加载特征与变形损伤行为之间的关系提供参考。
- 损伤 /
- 层裂强度 /
- 微结构 /
- 加载特征
Abstract: Deformation and damage of metallic materials under shock loading depend on microstructure and loading characteristics. The effects of microstructures such as grain size, texture, grain boundary, phase boundary and element segregation bands on deformation and damage of metallic materials are reviewed, as well as the coupled effects of pulse duration, peak stress and strain rate on spall strength. This review provides a reference for establishing the relationship among microstructure, loading characteristics and deformation and damage behavior of metallic materials under shock loading.
- damage /
- spall strength /
- microstructure /
- loading characteristics

HTML全文

图 1 轻气炮加载装置示意图^[8]

Figure 1. Schematic setup for gas-gun experiment^[8]

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图 2 层裂原理示意图^[8]

Figure 2. Schematic illustration of spallation^[8]

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图 3 层裂强度及空隙密度与晶粒尺寸的关系^[27]

Figure 3. Contour map demonstrating the grain size dependence of spall strength as a function of void density^[27]

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图 4 金属钽层裂损伤的微结构表征^[14]

Figure 4. Microstructure characterization of spallation damage for tantalum^[14]

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图 5 不锈钢的自由面速度历史曲线^[43]

Figure 5. Representative free surface velocity histories for stainless steel^[43]

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图 6 镁合金层裂损伤的X射线计算机断层图像^[41]

Figure 6. X-ray computed tomography images of spallation damage for the magnesium alloy^[41]

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图 7 304不锈钢中的元素偏析带以及层裂损伤特征^[40]

Figure 7. Element segregation bands and damage features of 304 stainless steel^[40]

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图 8 304不锈钢层裂强度与冲击压力的关系^[40]

Figure 8. Spall strength of 304 stainless steel as a function of peak stress^[40]

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图 9 冲击加载下样品不同截面处的应力历史^[66]

Figure 9. Stress histories in different cross-sections of a sample under shock loading^[66]

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图 10 低碳钢的自由面速度历史^[28]

Figure 10. Free surface velocity histories of mild carbon steel^[28]

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图 11 金属材料的层裂强度与应变率的关系^[28]

Figure 11. Spall strength of metallic materials as a function of strain rate^[28]

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图 12 低碳钢层裂强度与峰值应力的关系^[28]

Figure 12. Spall strength of mild carbon steel as a function of peak compression stress^[28]

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图 13 拉应力历史对层裂强度影响的示意图^[28]

Figure 13. Schematic illustration of the effect of tensile stress history on spall strength^[28]

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图 14 低碳钢层裂损伤的微结构表征及层裂强度的减少量$\Delta\sigma\rm_{tw} $与孪晶密度的关系^[28]

Figure 14. Microstructure characterization of spallation damage for mild carbon steel, and reduction in spall strength $\Delta\sigma\rm_{tw} $ as a function of deformation twin density^[28]

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