Hemispherical and Flat Head Cylindrical Specimen Taylor Impact
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摘要: 为研究不同头型对泰勒（Taylor）撞击载荷的影响，在材料静动态力学性能实验和Taylor撞击实验的基础上进行数值模拟，分析试件在撞击过程中的接触力、速度和外形尺寸等参量的变化历程。结果表明：在相同的撞击速度下，半球头试件的塑性变形程度更大；半球头试件的撞击载荷上升沿变缓，载荷脉冲时间增长，而两种试件的载荷平台段幅值相当。根据实验和数值模拟结果，进一步分析了霍普金森杆测试Taylor撞击载荷历程的适用性。Abstract: In order to understand the impact loading of Taylor impact process with head shape changes, numerical simulation studies were carried out on the basis of static and dynamic mechanical performance experiments and Taylor impact experiments, and the contact force, velocity and dimensions of the specimen during the impact process were studied. The change history of the parameters is analyzed. The results show that: under the same impact speed, the plastic deformation of the hemispherical head specimen is greater; the impact load of the hemispherical head specimen has a slower rising edge and the load pulse time increases, and the amplitude of the load platform section of the two specimens is almost the same. According to the results of experiments and numerical simulations, the applicability of Hopkinson bar measuring Taylor impact load history was further analyzed and discussed.
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Key words:
- Taylor impact /
- hemispherical head /
- impact load /
- strain measuring
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图 2 3A21铝合金静、动态变形条件下的应力-应变曲线
Figure 2. Quasi-static and dynamic engineering stress-strain curve of 3A21 aluminum alloy
图 3 不同撞速实验后两种试件的典型形貌
Figure 3. Typical morphology of two specimens after different impact velocity experiments
图 4 两种形状试件初始外形和最终变形比较
Figure 4. The initial shape and the final dimensions of the two kinds of specimen
图 8 试件最终长度和最大直径的比较
Figure 8. Comparison of the final length andmaximum diameter of the specimen
图 10 试件长度和接触面直径随时间的变化
Figure 10. Variation of specimen length andcontact surface diameter with time
图 11 沿轴线距撞击面不同位置的节点速度（150 m/s）
Figure 11. Node velocity at different positions along the axis from the impact plane (150 m/s)
图 12 半球头试件的最终长度、接触面直径和最大直径
Figure 12. The final length, contact surface diameter and maximum diameter of the hemispherical head specimen
图 13 半球头试件撞击靶杆的载荷曲线
Figure 13. Load curves of the hemispherical head specimen hitting target bar
图 14 半球头试件长度和接触面直径随时间的变化历程
Figure 14. Change course of the hemispherical head specimenlength and contact surface diameter with time
图 15 半球头试件沿轴线距撞击面不同距离节点的速度
Figure 15. Node velocity at different positions along the axis from the impact plane
图 16 两种头型试件的最大等效塑性应变
Figure 16. The maximum effective plastic strain of specimens with two types of head
图 17 撞击速度150 m/s时两种头型试件的载荷历程
Figure 17. Load history of specimens with two types of head under 150 m/s
图 18 两种头型试件端面中心单元的应力三轴度
Figure 18. The stress triaxiality of the end face centerelement of the specimen with two types of head
图 19 两种试件靶杆载荷实验与模拟结果比较
Figure 19. Comparison of the load test and simulation of target rod
图 20 靶杆表面测得的接触力比较
Figure 20. Comparison of the contact force measured on the surface of the target rod
表 1 材料参数
Table 1. Material parameters
Material $\;\rho $/(g·cm−3) E/GPa $\;\mu $ $\dot \varepsilon_{\rm{s} }$/s−1 cp/[J·(kg·℃)−1] A/MPa 3A21 2.73 70 0.32 0.001 880 90 7A04 2.85 72 0.31 Material B/MPa C n m Tm/℃ Tt/℃ 3A21 216 0.01 0.31 0.8 600 25 
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