起爆方式对复合战斗部毁伤输出的影响

周唯潇; 王雅君; 于佳鑫; 朱新元; 李伟兵

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20200593

起爆方式对复合战斗部毁伤输出的影响

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20200593

南京理工大学智能弹药技术国防重点学科实验室，江苏南京　210094

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（11972018）；装备预研兵器工业联合基金（6141B012858）

详细信息

作者简介:
周唯潇（1999－），男，本科，主要从事战斗部设计研究. E-mail：214809166@qq.com

通讯作者:
李伟兵（1982－），男，博士生导师，研究员，主要从事高效毁伤技术研究. E-mail：njustlwb@163.com

中图分类号: O389; TJ410
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-07-13
- 修回日期: 2020-07-30

Effect of Initial Detonation Method on Damage Power of Composite Warhead

ZNDY of Ministerial Key Laboratory, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China

摘要

摘要: 为了进一步提高复合战斗部的毁伤输出效率，基于一种可形成聚能侵彻体、预制破片和自然破片3种毁伤元的破甲杀伤复合战斗部结构，应用LS-DYNA数值仿真软件，研究了起爆点位置、起爆直径和起爆点数量对复合战斗部各毁伤元成型和能量输出的影响，讨论了实现战斗部毁伤威力可调的技术路径。结果表明：起爆点距药型罩越远、数量越多、起爆直径越大，由药型罩形成的聚能侵彻体的头部速度越高，头尾速度差和长径比越大，速度增益最高可达50%，可以实现爆炸成型弹丸（EFP）到聚能杆式侵彻体（JPC）转换；在装药内部轴线阵列多点起爆时，聚能侵彻体的成型基本仅与离药型罩最近的起爆点有关。对于预制破片，装药高度60 mm（P₂）处起爆速度最快，增加起爆点数量和增大起爆直径可以有效提高预制破片的最高速度，但整体上最低速度仍在600 m/s上下波动，变化并不显著。对于壳体形成的自然破片，以平均速度来表征时，整体变化并不明显，速度增益不足10%，但合理的起爆方式可使壳体断裂形成的自然破片更均匀，有利于调整破片质量分布。通过控制起爆方式可在一定程度上实现复合战斗部毁伤威力可调，但对于破片速度的调控仍需进一步研究。
- 复合战斗部 /
- 成型装药 /
- 爆炸成型弹丸 /
- 破片 /
- 起爆方式
Abstract: To improve the energy output efficiency of composite warhead, a HEAT-HE composite warhead is presented, which can release explosively formed penetrator, prefabricated fragments and natural fragments. With the numerical simulation software LS-DYNA, we analyzed how the initial detonation mode (including location, diameter and number of detonation points) affects the damage elements formation and energy output. Besides, a possible technical approach for the tunable damage-power warhead was also discussed. The results shows that: (1) When the donation points are wider and further away from the linear, the linear-formed damage element would get a higher tip velocity and a greater tip-tail velocity and length-diameter ratios. The greatest gain of velocity can reach up to 50% so as to lead the transformation from explosively formed projectile (EFP) to jetting projectile charge (JPC). (2) When the detonation points are located on the central axis of the charge, the damage element forming keeps only related to the point closest from the liner. (3) For the prefabricated fragment, the detonation velocity on the 60 mm charge height (P₂) is the highest. Its maximum velocity can get increased with the increasing detonation points with wider diameter, while its minimum velocity always keeps about 600 m/s with little variation. For the natural fragment formed by the shell, there isn’t an obvious variation of the average velocity, but a reasonable approach to detonate can make the fragments more homogeneous and benefit the adjustment of the fragments mass distribution. Therefore, it is feasible to make a tunable damage-power warhead by controlling the initiation detonation mode, but further research into the effects of the initiation mode on the fragment velocity is needed as well.
- composite warhead /
- shaped charge /
- explosively formed projectile /
- fragment /
- initiation mode

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图 1 战斗部结构及仿真模型

Figure 1. Schematic diagram and simulation model of warhead

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图 2 起爆方式示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of detonation mode

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图 3 起爆点位置对聚能侵彻体的影响

Figure 3. Effect of the initiation point position on explosively formed penetrator

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图 4 起爆点位置对预制破片的影响

Figure 4. Effect of the initiation point position on prefabricated fragment

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图 5 起爆点位置对自然破片的影响

Figure 5. Effect of the initiation point position on natural fragment

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图 6 起爆直径对侵彻体的影响

Figure 6. Effect of the detonation diameter on explosively formed penetrator

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图 7 起爆直径对预制破片的影响

Figure 7. Effect of the detonation diameter on prefabricated fragment

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图 8 起爆直径对自然破片的影响

Figure 8. Effect of the detonation diameter on natural fragment

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图 9 起爆点数量对侵彻体的影响

Figure 9. Effect of the initiation point number on explosively formed penetrator

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图 10 起爆点数量对预制破片的影响

Figure 10. Effect of the initiation point number on prefabricated fragment

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图 11 起爆点数量对自然破片的影响

Figure 11. Effect of the initiation point number on natural fragment

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表 1 炸药材料参数^[9]

Table 1. Material parameters of explosive^[9]

Material	$\,\rho_{\rm{e }}$/(g·cm⁻³)	D/(m·s⁻¹)	p_C-J/GPa	A/GPa	B/GPa	V₀
JH-2	1.695	8425	29.66	854.5	20.5	1

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表 2 空气材料参数^[9]

Table 2. Material parameters of air^[9]

Material	$\,\rho_{\rm{a} }$/(g·cm⁻³)	C/(m·s⁻¹)	$\gamma $₀	S₁	S₂	S₃
Air	1.205 × 10⁻³	344	1.4	0	0	0

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表 3 金属材料参数^[10]

Table 3. Material parameters of metal^[10]

Part	Material	$\;\rho $/(g·cm⁻³)	G/GPa	$\sigma $/MPa	b/MPa	n	c	m
Liner	Copper	8.96	47.7	90	292	0.31	0.025	1.09
Prefabricated fragment	Tungsten alloy	17.60	136.0	1 506	177	0.12	0.016	1.00
Case	45 steel	7.83	77.0	792	510	0.26	0.014	1.03

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