叠合双层靶抗球形破片的侵彻能耗

徐瑞; 智小琦; 范兴华

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20200551

叠合双层靶抗球形破片的侵彻能耗

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20200551

徐瑞^1,,
智小琦^1,*, ,,
范兴华²

1.
中北大学机电工程学院，山西太原　030051
2.
晋西工业集团有限公司，山西太原　030051

详细信息

作者简介:
徐　瑞（1996－），男，硕士研究生，主要从事战斗部毁伤技术研究. E-mail：2473077009@qq.com

通讯作者:
智小琦（1963－），女，博士，教授，主要从事战斗部毁伤技术及弹药易损性研究.E-mail：zxq4060@sina.com

中图分类号: O385
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-04-23
- 修回日期: 2020-05-07

Energy Consumption of Composite Double-Layer Targets against Spherical Fragment Penetration

XU Rui^1
,,
ZHI Xiaoqi^{1,*
, ,},
FAN Xinghua²

1.
College of Mechatronics Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, Shanxi, China
2.
Jinxi Industries Group Co., LTD., Taiyuan, 030051, Shanxi, China

摘要

摘要: 为了研究影响叠合双层靶抗弹性能的因素，在靶板总厚度为7.2 mm的条件下，采用直径为9.5 mm、质量为8.05 g的钨合金球形破片侵彻单层和不同组合方式的叠合双层Q235钢靶板。弹道极限试验结果表明：(3.6 + 3.6) mm靶板最高，(5.4 + 1.8) mm靶板次之，(1.8 + 5.4) mm靶板最低，单层7.2 mm靶板与(5.4 + 1.8) mm叠合靶基本相同。研究发现，叠合靶排列方式不同，则其破坏模式与耗能模式不同。当双层靶板均产生冲塞破坏时，压缩耗能和凹陷耗能是影响靶板抗弹性能的主要因素；当前靶板为冲塞破坏、后靶板为扩孔破坏时，凹陷耗能是影响靶板抗弹性能的主要因素。通过对多种组合靶的能耗计算表明，(3.6 + 3.6) mm的排列是本研究条件下的最优组合。这些研究结果对防护装置的设计有重要的参考价值。
- 侵彻 /
- 双层靶 /
- 能耗 /
- 极限穿透速度
Abstract: In order to study the factors affecting the anti-elastic energy of the composite double-layer targets, a tungsten alloy spherical fragment with a diameter of 9.5 mm and a mass of 8.05 g was used to penetrate the single layer and the superimposed double Q235 targets with different combinations, which were kept 7.2 mm in total thickness. The experimental results show that the ballistic limit of (3.6 + 3.6) mm targets is the highest, followed by (5.4 + 1.8) mm targets, and (1.8 + 5.4) mm targets, which is the lowest. The ballistic limit of the penetration monolayer 7.2 mm target is basically the same as that of the (5.4 + 1.8) mm superimposed target. It is also found that the failure and energy consumption modes of superimposed targets vary with different arrangements. When both the two layers of the targets produce slug failure, the compression and sag energy dissipations together affect the elastic energy of the targets. However, when the current target is punch failure and the rear target reaming failure, only the sag energy dissipation is the main factor affecting its elastic energy. According to the energy consumption calculation of multiple combination targets, the arrangement of (3.6 + 3.6) mm turns to be the optimal combination under the conditions of this study. The results are of great reference value to the design of protective device.
- penetration /
- double-layered targets /
- energy consumption /
- critical penetration velocity

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图 1 试验装置示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of test equipment

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图 2 破片与尼龙弹托实物

Figure 2. Pictures of fragment and nylon sabot

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图 3 双层靶板剖面

Figure 3. Profiles of double-layer targets

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图 4 不同靶板的靶前和靶后状态

Figure 4. Front and back states of different targets

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图 5 不同速度下靶板变形程度对比

Figure 5. Comparison of targets deformation at different speeds

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图 6 回收破片与塞块

Figure 6. Recycle fragment and plugs

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图 7 薄板扩孔示意图

Figure 7. Schematic diagram of ductile failure

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图 8 靶板塑性凹陷示意图

Figure 8. Schematic of plastic deformation

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图 9 不同排列方式下着靶速度与凹陷变形程度的关系

Figure 9. Relationship between the hit speed and pitting deformation of targets in different arrangements

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图 10 不同厚度后靶板的变形程度

Figure 10. Deformation of targets with different thicknessees

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图 11 不同排列方式的总耗能

Figure 11. Total energy consumption in different arrangements

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表 1 钨球侵彻7.2 mm和(3.6 + 3.6) mm Q235钢靶试验数据

Table 1. Test data of 7.2 mm and (3.6 + 3.6) mm Q235 steel penetrated by tungsten alloy fragments

No.	h/mm	v₀/(m·s^–1)	v₁/(m·s^–1)	Results	No.	(h₁+h₂)/mm	v₀/(m·s^–1)	v₁/(m·s^–1)	Results
1-1	7.2	837.0	558.9	Pennetration	2-1	3.6 + 3.6	652.5	395.5	Pennetration
1-2	7.2	787.3	504.9	Pennetration	2-2	3.6 + 3.6	631.4	344.1	Pennetration
1-3	7.2	718.5	413.3	Pennetration	2-3	3.6 + 3.6	619.0	310.8	Pennetration
1-4	7.2	653.5	287.0	Pennetration	2-4	3.6 + 3.6	604.0	266.2	Pennetration
1-5	7.2	570.1	240.5	Pennetration	2-5	3.6 + 3.6	579.2	172.3	Pennetration
1-6	7.2	552.5	152.4	Pennetration	2-6	3.6 + 3.6	565.1	94.6	Pennetration
1-7	7.2	532.5	79.5	Pennetration	2-7	3.6 + 3.6	561.8	62.1	Pennetration
1-8	7.2	494.3		No pennetration	2-8	3.6 + 3.6	532.7		No pennetration

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表 2 钨球侵彻(5.4 + 1.8) mm和(1.8 + 5.4) mm Q235钢靶试验数据

Table 2. Test data of (5.4 + 1.8) mm and (1.8 + 5.4) mm Q235 steel penetrated by tungsten alloy fragments

No.	(h₁+h₂)/mm	v₀/(m·s^–1)	v₁/(m·s^–1)	Results	No.	(h₁+h₂)/mm	v₀/(m·s^–1)	v₁/(m·s^–1)	Results
3-1	5.4 + 1.8	601.9	301.2	Pennetration	4-1	1.8 + 5.4	602.5	269.1	Pennetration
3-2	5.4 + 1.8	577.6	216.0	Pennetration	4-2	1.8 + 5.4	555.7	181.3	Pennetration
3-3	5.4 + 1.8	553.4	189.5	Pennetration	4-3	1.8 + 5.4	526.3	133.1	Pennetration
3-4	5.4 + 1.8	542.6	150.0	Pennetration	4-4	1.8 + 5.4	507.7	106.6	Pennetration
3-5	5.4 + 1.8	529.3	86.5	Pennetration	4-5	1.8 + 5.4	503.9	74.2	Pennetration
3-6	5.4 + 1.8	524.3	50.1	Pennetration	4-6	1.8 + 5.4	499.5	53.4	Pennetration
3-7	5.4 + 1.8	472.3		No pennetration

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表 3 不同排列方式靶板着靶速度与后靶板凹陷变形的关系

Table 3. Relationship between the hit speed and pitting deformation of the targets in different arrangements

(h₁ + h₂)/mm	v/(m·s^–1)	d/mm	(h₁ + h₂)/mm	v/(m·s^–1)	d/mm	(h₁ + h₂)/mm	v/(m·s^–1)	d/mm
5.4 + 1.8	601.9	7.47	1.8 + 5.4	602.5	7.03	3.6 + 3.6	652.5	10.09
	577.6	10.93		555.7	7.23		631.4	10.35
	553.4	14.04		526.3	7.31		619.0	10.67
	542.6	15.33		507.7	7.41		604.0	11.02
	529.3	16.84		503.9	7.42		594.0	11.37
	524.3	17.39		499.5	7.43		565.1	12.82
							561.8	13.06

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表 4 试验用的破片和靶板材料参数^[20-22]

Table 4. Material parameters of fragment and target used in the test^[20-22]

Material	$\;\rho $/(g·cm^–3)	E/GPa	c/(m·s^–1)	$\sigma $_y/MPa	D	P
Tungsten alloy	17.90	417	4831
Q235 steel	7.85	214	5221	320.5	305.8	2.7515

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表 5 试验结果和计算结果比较

Table 5. Comparison of the test and calculation results

(h₁+h₂)/mm	E₂/J	E₃/J	E₄/J	E₅/J	E_t/J		δ/%
(h₁+h₂)/mm	E₂/J	E₃/J	E₄/J	E₅/J	Calculation	Experiment	δ/%
5.4 + 1.8	336.2	269.6	54.4	386.3	1046.5	1095.9	–4.5
1.8 + 5.4	435.7	296.2		209.4	941.3	984.6	–4.4
3.6 + 3.6	564.4	244.1		439.7	1249.2	1259.5	–0.8

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表 6 试验结果和计算结果比较

Table 6. Comparison of the test and calculation results

(h₁+h₂)/mm	v₅₀/(m·s^–1)		$\delta $/%
(h₁+h₂)/mm	Calculation	Experiment	$\delta $/%
5.4 + 1.8	509.9	521.8	–2.3
1.8 + 5.4	483.6	494.6	–2.2
3.6 + 3.6	557.1	559.4	–0.4

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表 7 不同排列方式的靶板耗能

Table 7. Targets energy dissipation in different arrangement

(h₁+h₂)/mm	E₂/J	E₃/J	E₄/J	E₅/J	E_t/J
1.0 + 6.2	289.8	360.2		145.6	895.6
1.4 + 5.8	398.8	325.1		195.7	919.6
1.8 + 5.4	435.7	296.2		209.4	941.3
2.0 + 5.2	447.9	283.4		238.7	970.0
3.0 + 4.2	462.8	247.9		378.5	1089.2
3.2 + 4.0	473.6	247.1		397.6	1118.3
3.4 + 3.8	488.4	244.8		436.6	1169.8
3.6 + 3.6	564.4	244.1		439.7	1249.2
3.8 + 3.4	493.4	244.8		432.4	1170.6
4.0 + 3.2	487.2	247.1		419.9	1154.2
4.2 + 3.0	480.3	250.8		405.0	1136.1
5.2 + 2.0	341.7	249.8	60.4	409.0	1060.9
5.4 + 1.8	336.2	269.6	54.4	386.3	1046.5
5.8 + 1.4	339.5	310.7	42.3	341.3	1033.8
6.2 + 1.0	318.0	355.1	30.2	272.2	975.5

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