瞬时弹射式蒸汽爆破处理生物质的能量模型及能耗理论分析

任天宝; 高卫锴; 苏同福; 于正道; 袁杭州; 徐桂转; 宋安东; 张百良

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20200532

瞬时弹射式蒸汽爆破处理生物质的能量模型及能耗理论分析

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20200532

任天宝^{1, 2,},
高卫锴³,
苏同福¹,
于正道⁴,
袁杭州¹,
徐桂转^1,*, ,,
宋安东^1,*, ,,
张百良¹

1.
河南农业大学，河南省生物炭工程技术研究中心，河南郑州　450002
2.
河南省破壁生物技术研究院，河南郑州　450002
3.
广东中烟工业有限责任公司，广东广州　510032
4.
清华苏州环境创新研究院，江苏苏州　215011

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（21406055）；河南省青年骨干教师资助项目（2020GGJS047）；河南省高层次人才特殊支持项目（204200510018）

详细信息

作者简介:
任天宝（1981－），男，博士，副教授，主要从事生物质资源转化技术研究. E-mail：tianbao1016@126.com

通讯作者:
徐桂转（1972－），女，博士，教授，主要从事生物质能源转换及利用技术研究. E-mail：xuguizhuan@126.com

宋安东（1972－），男，博士，教授，主要从事农业生物质转化和生物能源技术研究. E-mail：song1666@126.com

中图分类号: O521.9; S216.2
计量
- 文章访问数: 5788
- HTML全文浏览量: 2513
- PDF下载量: 24
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-03-30
- 修回日期: 2020-07-05
- 刊出日期: 2020-09-25

Energy Model and Energy Consumption Analysis of Biomass Pretreatment by Instant Catapult Steam Explosion

REN Tianbao^{1, 2
,},
GAO Weikai³,
SU Tongfu¹,
YU Zhengdao⁴,
YUAN Hangzhou¹,
XU Guizhuan^{1,*
, ,},
SONG Andong^{1,*
, ,},
ZHANG Bailiang¹

1.
Henan Agricultural University，Henan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
2.
Henan Broken Wall Biotechnology Research Institute, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
3.
Guangdong Zhongyan Industry Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510032, Guangdong, China
4.
Tsinghua Suzhou Environmental Innovation Institute, Suzhou 215011, Jiangsu,China

摘要

摘要: 在生物质资源化利用领域，蒸汽爆破技术是打破生物质抗降解屏障、实现生物炼制的关键技术途径，具有清洁、短时和高效的显著特点。针对生物质蒸汽爆破过程中能量消耗和能量平衡问题，基于传热学基本原理，对生物质蒸汽爆破过程中的能量组成和转化进行了分析，建立了生物质蒸汽爆破能耗模型，阐明了蒸汽爆破过程中蒸汽热能转换机械功，并利用能量模型对影响生物质蒸汽爆破预处理能耗因素进行能耗分析。结果表明：该模型可以较为准确地反映物质蒸汽爆破过程中的热能利用和转化过程，能够定量分析生物质蒸汽爆破过程中物料含水率、蒸汽爆破强度和装料量的能耗变化规律。研究结果为蒸汽爆破技术的生物液体燃料或生物炼制产业化应用提供了理论参考。
- 瞬时弹射式蒸汽爆破 /
- 能量模型 /
- 预处理 /
- 生物质 /
- 能耗分析 /
- 生物炼制
Abstract: In the field of biomass resource utilization, the steam explosion technology serves as the key technology to break the anti-degradation barrier of biomass and realize biorefineries, which is characteristic of clean, short-term and high efficiency. In this paper, the energy composition and transformation in the process of biomass steam explosion was analyzed using the basic principle of heat transfer, and an energy consumption model of biomass steam explosion was established to clarify the mechanical work of steam heat energy conversion and verify the consumption factors affecting the pretreatment enery of biomass steam explosion. It was shown that in the process of biomass steam explosion, the established model can not only accurately reflect the heat energy utilization and transformation process, but also quantitatively analyze the change law of material moisture content, steam explosion intensity and energy consumption of the charging amount. This study provides a theoretical reference for the steam explosion technology’s application into the industrialization of biofuel or biorefineries.
- instant catapult steam explosion /
- energy model /
- pretreatment /
- biomass /
- energy consumption /
- biorefinery

HTML全文

图 1 蒸汽爆破反应器模型（a）和蒸汽爆破腔横截面（b）

Figure 1. Model of steam explosion reactor (a) and cross section of steam explosion chamber (b)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 不同蒸汽压力对单位物料能耗的影响

Figure 2. Effect of steam pressure on energy consumption

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 不同含水率对能耗的影响

Figure 3. Effect of water content on energy consumption

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 不同物料填装量对蒸汽耗能的影响

Figure 4. Effect of material filling ratio on energy consumption

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 蒸汽保压时间对散热量的影响

Figure 5. Effect of holding time on heat dissipation

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 爆破腔容积对散热的影响

Figure 6. Effect of explosion reactor volume on heat dissipation

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 蒸汽爆破预处理过程中的能量流向组成

Table 1. Energy distribution of steam explosion unit

Energy distribution	Energy/kJ	Proportion/%
Heat dissipation	19.86	0.24
Material internal energy change	4.35	0.05
Water increases internal energy	187.06	2.27
Exhausted steam energy	200.56	2.43
Mechanical work	7836.45	95.01
Total energy	8248.28	100.00

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(19)

[1]	PARAJULI R, DALGAARD T, JØRGENSEN U, et al. Biorefining in the prevailing energy and materials crisis: a review of sustainable pathways for biorefinery value chains and sustainability assessment methodologies [J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2015, 43: 244–263.
[2]	KAJASTE R. Chemicals from biomass-managing greenhouse gas emissions in biorefinery production chains—a review [J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2014: 75.
[3]	任天宝, 马孝琴, 徐桂转, 等. 响应面法优化玉米秸秆蒸汽爆破预处理条件 [J]. 农业工程学报, 2011, 27(9): 282–286. REN T B, MA X Q, XU G Z, et al. Optimizing steam explosion pretreatment conditions of corn stalk by response surface methodology [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2011, 27(9): 282–286.
[4]	POGGI-VARALDO H M, MUNOZ-PAEZ K M, ESCAMILLA-ALVARADO C, et al. Biohydrogen, biomethane and bioelectricity as crucial components of biorefinery of organic wastes: a review [J]. Waste Management & Research, 2014, 32(5): 353–365.
[5]	任天宝, 马孝琴, 徐桂转, 等. 蒸汽爆破玉米秸秆热解特性及其动力学分析 [J]. 农业工程学报, 2011, 27(13): 32–36. REN T B, MA X Q, XU G Z, et al. Pyrolysis characteristics and kinetic ananlysis of corn stalks by steam explosion [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2011, 27(13): 32–36.
[6]	RUIZ H A, CONRAD M, SUN S, et al. Engineering aspects of hydrothermal pretreatment: from batch to continuous operation, scale-up and pilot reactor under biorefinery concept [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2020, 299: 122685. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122685
[7]	LEE J J, YUN H S, CHO Y J, et al. Empirical analysis of a steam explosion in a slag yard based on a field investigation and 3D explosion damage simulation [J]. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2020, 136: 126–135. doi: 10.1016/j.psep.2019.12.032
[8]	李静静, 常建伟, 任天宝, 等. 基于蒸汽爆破技术的烟秆炭对烤烟生长及烟叶品质的影响 [J]. 中国土壤与肥料, 2017(4): 99–103. LI J J, CHANG J W, REN T B, et al. Effect of tobacco stalk biochar made by steam explosion technology on the growth and quality of flue-cured tobacco [J]. Soils and Fertilizers Sciences in China, 2017(4): 99–103.
[9]	谢慧, 李志敏, 于政道, 等. 3种预处理对青贮玉米秸秆理化特性的比较研究 [J]. 河南农业大学学报, 2018, 52(2): 238–243. XIE H, LI Z M, YU Z D, et al. Comparative study on physical and chemical properties of silage corn straw by three pretreatment methods [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural University, 2018, 52(2): 238–243.
[10]	覃锦程, 郝学密, 刘黎阳, 等. 瞬间弹射蒸汽爆破增强离子液体对水稻秸秆的预处理效果 [J]. 化工学报, 2015, 66(Suppl 1): 302–307. QIN J C, HAO X M, LIU L Y, et al. Enhanced effects of ionic liquid pretreatment on rice straw by instant catapult steam explosion [J]. CIESC Journal, 2015, 66(Suppl 1): 302–307.
[11]	李春美, 杜济良, 陈乐, 等. 乙醇甲烷联产对提高蒸汽爆破预处理能源草生物转化效率的作用[J]. 太阳能学报. 2019, 40(3): 843–849. LI C M, DU J L, CHEN L, et al. Advantages of ethanol-methane coproduction on bioconversion of steam-exploded energy grass [J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica. 2019, 40(3): 843–849.
[12]	PADILLA-RASCÓN C,RUIZ E,ROMERI I,et al. Valorisation of olive stone by-product for sugar production using a sequential acid/steam explosion pretreatment [J]. Industrial Crops & Products, 2020, 148: 148–156.
[13]	张志军, 郭同军, 赵洁, 等. 汽爆与汽爆后发酵对棉花秸秆营养价值的影响 [J]. 动物营养学报, 2018, 30(9): 3720–3725. ZHANG Z J, GUO T J, ZHAO J, et al. Effects of steam explosion and fermentation after steam explosion on nutrient value of cotton stalk [J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2018, 30(9): 3720–3725.
[14]	韩士群, 杨莹, 周庆, 等. 蒸汽爆破对芦苇纤维及其木塑复合材料性能的影响 [J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 41(1): 136–142. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2017.01.021 HAN S Q, YANG Y, ZHOU Q, et al. Effects of steam explosion on reeds fiber and the properties of reed wood-plastic composites [J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2017, 41(1): 136–142. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2017.01.021
[15]	易军鹏, 王赛, 李欣, 等. 蒸汽爆破提取牛膝多糖工艺优化及抗氧化性研究 [J]. 食品与机械, 2018, 34(6): 145–152. YI J P, WANG S, LI X, et al. Optimization of steam explosion pretreatment for polysaccharides extraction from Achyranthes bidentata radix and of its antioxidant activity evaluation [J]. Food Machinery, 2018, 34(6): 145–152.
[16]	AHN H K, SAUER T J, RICHARD T L, et al. Determination of thermal properties of composting bulking materials [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2009, 100: 3974–3981. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.11.056
[17]	李智渝, 王益, 沈俭一. 表面反应动力学机理研究的新进展 [J]. 化学通报, 1998(8): 11–16. LI Z Y, WANG Y, SHEN J Y. Recent advances in kinetic analysis of surface reactions [J]. Chinese Chemical Society, 1998(8): 11–16.
[18]	任天宝, 徐桂转, 马孝琴, 等. 蒸汽爆破对玉米秸秆理化特性的影响 [J]. 高压物理学报, 2012, 26(2): 227–234. doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.2012.02.017 REN T B, XU G Z, MA X Q, et al. Influence of steam explosion on physical-chemical characteristic of corn stalk [J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2012, 26(2): 227–234. doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.2012.02.017
[19]	王许涛, 张百良, 宋安东, 等. 蒸汽爆破技术在秸秆厌氧发酵中的应用 [J]. 农业工程学报, 2008, 24(8): 189–192. WANG X T, ZHANG B L, SONG A D, et al. Application of steam-exploded technology to anaerobic digestion of corn stover [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2008, 24(8): 189–192.