小钨球对防弹衣加松木靶的侵彻研究

唐昌州; 智小琦; 徐锦波; 陈志斌

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20200506

小钨球对防弹衣加松木靶的侵彻研究

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20200506

1.
中北大学机电工程学院，山西太原　030051
2.
晋西工业集团，山西太原　030027

详细信息

作者简介:
唐昌州（1996－），男，硕士研究生，主要从事弹药工程与毁伤技术研究.　E-mail：562870134@qq.com

通讯作者:
智小琦（1963－），女，博士，教授，主要从事武器毁伤与装药技术研究.　E-mail：zxq4060@sina.com

中图分类号: TJ012.4
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-01-13
- 修回日期: 2020-04-29

Research on Small Tungsten Spheres Penetrating into Pine Target with Body Armor

1.
College of Mechatronics Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, Shanxi, China
2.
Jinxi Industrial Group, Taiyuan 030027, Shanxi, China

摘要

摘要: 为获得小钨球对防弹衣加人体等效靶的侵彻性能，对小钨球侵彻Ⅲ级软体防弹衣加25 mm厚红松靶进行了试验研究。在此基础上，结合小钨球侵彻LY-12硬铝靶试验与数值模拟，研究了LY-12硬铝靶与Ⅲ级软体防弹衣加25 mm厚红松靶之间的等效关系，并通过量纲分析方法建立了小钨球侵彻Ⅲ级软体防弹衣加25 mm厚红松靶的弹道极限预测公式，分析了小钨球质量变化对其侵彻性能影响的规律。结果表明：对于小钨球的侵彻，Ⅲ级软体防弹衣加25 mm厚红松靶可等效为6.2 mm厚LY-12硬铝靶；弹道极限预测公式的预测值与试验值吻合良好，并且随着钨球质量的增加，弹道极限近似服从幂函数递减规律。研究结果对单兵破片战斗部的改进设计具有一定的参考价值。
- 小钨球 /
- 防弹衣 /
- 红松靶 /
- 数值模拟 /
- 等效靶 /
- 量纲分析 /
- 弹道极限
Abstract: In order to study the penetration performance of small tungsten spheres on the human equivalent target with body armor, the test of small tungsten spheres penetrating 25 mm thick pine target with Class Ⅲ soft body armor is carried out. On this basis, the equivalent relationships between 25 mm thick pine target with Class Ⅲ soft body armor and LY-12 hard aluminum target are studied by combining the experiment and numerical simulation of small tungsten spheres penetrating LY-12 hard aluminum target. According to the method of dimensional analysis, the ballistic limit prediction formula of small tungsten spheres penetrating 25 mm thick pine target with Class Ⅲ soft body armor is established and the influence of the mass change of small tungsten spheres on the penetration performance is studied. The experimental results reveal that for the penetration of small tungsten spheres, a 25 mm thick pine target with Class Ⅲ soft body armor can be equivalent to a 6.2 mm thick LY-12 hard aluminum target. The predicted value of ballistic limit prediction formula is in good agreement with the test value. And with the increase of the mass of tungsten spheres, the ballistic limit approximately obeys the law of decreasing power function. The research results have certain reference value for the improvement and design of individual fragment warhead.
- small tungsten sphere /
- body armor /
- pine target /
- numerical simulation /
- equivalent target /
- dimensional analysis /
- ballistic limit

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图 1 钨球及弹托

Figure 1. Tungsten spheres and sabots

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图 2 试验布置示意图

Figure 2. Schematic of experimental set-up

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图 3 试验后的防弹衣和红松木

Figure 3. Body armor and pine after the experiment

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图 4 防弹纤维的典型损伤

Figure 4. Typical damage of bulletproof fiber

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图 5 试验后LY-12硬铝靶状态图

Figure 5. States of LY-12 hard aluminum target after the experiment

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图 6 钨球侵彻靶板的剩余速度-着靶速度曲线

Figure 6. Residual velocity-initial velocity curves of tungsten spheres penetrating targets

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图 7 有限元模型

Figure 7. Finite element model

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图 8 仿真值与试验值的对比

Figure 8. Comparison between simulation results and experimental results

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表 1 R-I模型参数

Table 1. R-I model parameters

Target type	$ a $	v_bl/(m·s⁻¹)	$ p $
Body armor + Pine composite target	0.73	692.9	2
8 mm thick LY-12 hard aluminum target	0.77	850.1	2

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表 2 弹靶材料模型参数

Table 2. Material model parameters of projectile and target

Material	ρ/(g·cm⁻³)	E/GPa	μ	SIGY/MPa	ETAN/MPa	SRC	SRP	FS
Tungsten alloy	18.1	367	0.303	1506	792	3.9	6	1.2
LY-12 hard aluminum	2.78	71	0.3	375	1000	0	0	0.8

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表 3 钨球侵彻不同厚度LY-12硬铝靶的仿真结果

Table 3. Simulation results of tungsten sphere penetrating LY-12 hard aluminum target with different thicknesses

Initial velocity/(m·s⁻¹)	Thickness of target/mm	Residual velocity/(m·s⁻¹)	Penetration result
692.9	6.10	63.0	Penetration
	6.20	21.4	Penetration
	6.21	0	Embedment
	6.25	0	Embedment
	6.30	0	Embedment

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表 4 钨球侵彻原型靶与等效靶弹道极限的对比

Table 4. Comparison of ballistic limits between tungsten spheres penetrating prototype target and the equivalent target

Type of tungsten sphere	Target type	Ballistic limit/(m·s⁻¹)	Relative error/%
0.21 g, $ \varnothing $2.8 mm	Body armor + Pine composite target	692.9	1.8
0.21 g, $ \varnothing $2.8 mm	6.2 mm thick LY-12 hard aluminum target	705.2	1.8
0.17 g, $ \varnothing $2.6 mm	Body armor + Pine composite target	742.3	2.2
0.17 g, $ \varnothing $2.6 mm	6.2 mm thick LY-12 hard aluminum target	758.7	2.2

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表 5 确定弹道极限的主要物理量

Table 5. Main physical quantities for determining ballistic limit

Material	Physical quantity	Dimension
Tungsten sphere	Density ρ_p/(kg·m⁻³)	ML⁻³
	Diameter D_p/Pa	L
	Elastic modulus $ {E}$_p/Pa	L⁻¹MT⁻²
	Yield strength $ {\sigma }$_sp/Pa	L⁻¹MT⁻²
	Characteristic strain $ {\varepsilon } $_p	1
	Sound velocity $ {C}$_p/(m·s⁻¹)	LT⁻¹
Body armor	Density ρ_f/(kg·m⁻³)	ML⁻³
	Thickness $ {h}$_f/m	L
	Elastic modulus $ {E}$_f/Pa	L⁻¹MT⁻²
	Compressive strength $ {\sigma }$_sf/Pa	L⁻¹MT⁻²
	Shear strength $ {\sigma }_{\tau}$_f/Pa	L⁻¹MT⁻²
	Tensile strength $ {\sigma } $_ff/Pa	L⁻¹MT⁻²
	Characteristic strain $ {\varepsilon }$_f	1
	Sound velocity $ {C} $_f/(m·s⁻¹)	LT⁻¹
Pine	Density ρ_s/(kg·m⁻³)	ML⁻³
	Thickness $ {h} $_s/m	L
	Elastic modulus $ {E} $_s/Pa	L⁻¹MT⁻²
	Failure stress $ {\sigma }$_ss/Pa	L⁻¹MT⁻²
	Characteristic strain $ {\varepsilon }$_s	1
	Sound velocity $ {C}$_s/(m·s⁻¹)	LT⁻¹

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表 6 不同方法计算的弹道极限的比较

Table 6. Comparison of ballistic limits calculated by different methods

Mass of tungsten sphere/g	Diameter of tungsten sphere/mm	Ballistic limit/(m·s⁻¹)		Relative error/%
Mass of tungsten sphere/g	Diameter of tungsten sphere/mm	Calculated	Simulated	Relative error/%
0.26	3.02	643.8	649	−0.8
0.31	3.20	609.9	623	−2.1
0.36	3.36	582.8	599	−2.8
0.41	3.52	558.1	580	−3.9
0.46	3.64	540.9	561	−3.7

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表 7 0.20 g钨球侵彻防弹衣+红松木复合靶的弹道极限的试验值与计算值的对比

Table 7. Comparison between experimental and calculated values of ballistic limits of tungsten spheres with mass of 0.20 g penetrating body armor and pine composite target

Type of tungsten sphere	Ballistic limit/(m·s⁻¹)		Relative error/%
Type of tungsten sphere	Experimental value	Calculated value	Relative error/%
0.20 g，$\varnothing$2.8 mm	709.4	702.5	−1.0

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