Structure Optimization of Square Explosive Dispersion Device
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摘要: 为了研究方形抛撒装置壳体破坏规律及燃料分散特性，开展了抛撒装置外场实验并利用LS-DYNA仿真软件进行了数值模拟，模拟结果与实验结果相吻合。进一步分析装置倒圆角及刻槽深度对壳体破裂效果及燃料分散速度的影响规律，结果表明：倒圆角与增加刻槽深度有利于减小壳体棱边处应力集中的影响，圆角半径增至10 mm或刻槽深度增至1.2 mm时，棱边处不再破裂；同一装置壳体边部和中部位置采用不同深度的刻槽可有效减少壳体破裂不均现象。当边缘处刻槽深度为1.2 mm、中间刻槽为1.6 mm时，壳体均匀破裂；当棱边处倒10 mm圆角，边部刻槽深度为0.8 mm，中部刻槽为1.2 mm时，抛撒装置既能满足壳体均匀开裂，又可提高壳体强度，同时可将燃料分散平均速度差值降低22%，从而有效提高燃料抛撒效率。Abstract: This paper presents a numerical model of the square dispersing device for simulating the process of shell failure and fuel dispersion by LS-DYNA software. Combined with the results of the field experiments, this model reveals in detail the influence of the fillet angle and groove depth on the shell rupture process and fuel dispersion speed. The results show that the shell edge would no longer rupture when the fillet radius increases to 10 mm or the groove depth increases to 1.2 mm, since different groove depth would effectively reduce the nonuniform shell rupture. And when the depth of edge and middle groove is 1.2 mm and 1.6 mm respectively, the shell is uniformly ruptured. In addition, a special dispersing device with 10 mm fillet angle, 0.8 mm edge groove depth and 1.2 mm middle groove depth, could not only make the shell uniformly ruptured, but also increase the strength of the shell. Meanwhile, it would reduce the average velocity difference of fuel dispersion by 22%, which effectively improve the fuel dispersing efficiency.
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Key words:
- square dispersion device /
- fuel dispersion /
- LS-DYNA /
- crack
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图 3 实验过程中不同时刻燃料分散及壳体破裂
Figure 3. Fuel dispersion and shell rupture at different times during the experiment
图 6 仿真过程中不同时刻燃料分散及壳体破裂结果
Figure 6. Results of fuel dispersion and shell rupture at different time in the simulation process
图 7 壳体破裂过程的侧视应力云图
Figure 7. Side-view of stress nephogram for the shell rupture process
图 10 400
$ {\text{μ}}{\rm s}$ 不同倒角大小时壳体破裂结果（正视图）Figure 10. Effect of shell rupture under different chamfer sizes at 400 μs (front view)
图 11 400
$ {\text{μ}}{\rm s}$ 刻槽2深度不同时壳体破裂结果（正视图）Figure 11. Effect of shell rupture under different groove 2 depth at 400
$ {\text{μ}}{\rm s}$ (front view)表 1 TNT炸药的爆轰性能及JWL状态方程参数
Table 1. Detonation properties and JWL equation-of-state parameters of TNT explosive
ρ0/(g·cm–3) D/(m·s–1) p/GPa A/GPa B/GPa R1 R2 ω E/(GJ·m–3) 1.63 6 930 21 374 7.33 4.2 0.9 0.35 7 
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表 2 燃料计算参数
Table 2. Parameters for the computation of fuel
ρ0/(g·cm–3) C S1 S2 S3 γ0 1.0 1.65 1.92 –0.096 0 0.35
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表 3 空气计算参数
Table 3. Parameters for the computation of air
ρ0/(g·cm–3) C0 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 E/(J·m–3) V0 0.001 25 0 0 0 0 0.4 0.4 0 2.5 × 105 1.0
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表 4 装置结构计算参数
Table 4. Computation parameters of device structure
Structure Material ρ0/（g·cm–3） E ν F Ce Pe Shell 5A06 Al 2.75 0.68 0.35 0.45 40 5 Plate, central tube and tube cap 2A12 Al 2.78 0.70 0.35 0.35 40 5
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表 5 倒圆角对壳体棱边及刻槽的影响
Table 5. Effect of chamfer on edge and groove of shell
Shell Position σmax/MPa Crack or not tcrack/$ {\text{μ}}{\rm s}$ No chamfer Edge 376 Yes 175 Groove 1 361 No Groove 2 355 No 0.8 cm chamfer Edge 374 Yes 205 Groove 1 369 No Groove 2 355 No 1.0 cm chamfer Edge 360 No Groove 1 381 Yes 185 Groove 2 356 No 1.2 cm chamfer Edge 359 No Groove 1 385 Yes 175 Groove 2 357 No
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表 6 刻槽深度对壳体棱边及刻槽的影响
Table 6. Effect of groove depth on edge and groove of shell
Depth of
groove/mmPosition σmax/MPa Crack or not tcrack/μs Edge 376 Yes 175 0.6 Groove 1 361 No Groove 2 355 No Edge 371 Yes 175 0.8 Groove 1 368 No Groove 2 358 No Edge 378 Yes 175 1.0 Groove 1 376 Yes 185 Groove 2 366 No Edge 375 No 1.2 Groove 1 378 Yes 165 Groove 2 366 No Edge 369 No 1.6 Groove 1 381 Yes 145 Groove 2 364 No
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表 7 多深度刻槽条件下增加刻槽2的深度对壳体破裂产生的影响
Table 7. Effect of increasing groove 2 depth on shell rupture under multi-depth grooving conditions
Depth of
groove 2/mmPosition σmax/MPa Crack or not tcrack/μs 1.4 Groove 1 378 Yes 165 Groove 2 370 No 1.5 Groove 1 382 Yes 165 Groove 2 373 Yes 175 1.6 Groove 1 380 Yes 165 Groove 2 377 Yes 165
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表 8 两因素条件下增加刻槽2的深度对壳体破裂效果的影响
Table 8. Effect of increasing groove 2 depth on shell fracture under two factors condition
Depth of
groove 2/mmPosition σmax/MPa Crack or not tcrack/μs 1.0 Groove 1 383 Yes 165 Groove 2 364 No 1.1 Groove 1 382 Yes 165 Groove 2 371 Yes 185 1.2 Groove 1 382 Yes 165 Groove 2 376 Yes 165
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表 9 方案参数
Table 9. Scheme parameters
Plan Chamfer
size/cmDepth of
groove 1/mmDepth of
groove 2/mm1 0 0.6 0.6 2 0 1.2 1.6 3 1.0 0.8 1.2
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