Numerical Simulation on Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of 3D Printed Mortar Laminated Composites
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摘要: 通过有限元数值模拟研究了3D打印浆砌层合结构复合材料的层间断裂韧性。首先建立了基于内聚力原理和位移控制加载法的I型和II型断裂韧性有限元模型，模拟复合材料层间张开和错开的过程，随后通过有限元数值模拟与模型试验对比分析，验证了有限元数值方法的可靠性，最后分析了复合材料初始裂纹长度、断裂韧性、起始界面刚度、界面强度、黏结层厚度以及净距等参数对3D打印浆砌层合结构复合材料层间力学性能的影响。研究结果表明：对I型模型，减小初始裂纹长度、增大断裂韧性和增大黏结层厚度均能提高层间承载能力，起始界面刚度和界面强度的改变对拉伸力峰值无明显变化；对II型模型，减小初始裂纹长度、增强界面强度、增大断裂韧性和减小黏结层厚度均能提高层间承载能力，起始界面刚度的改变对荷载-位移曲线无明显影响。Abstract: In this paper, the interlaminar fracture toughness of 3D printed mortar laminated composite was investigated by finite element numerical simulation. Firstly, finite element models of the model-I and model-II fracture toughness were established based on cohesive principle and displacement control loading method, and used to simulate the interlaminar opening and staggering process of composites. Then the reliability of the finite element numerical method was verified by compared with the experiment results. Finally, the effects of initial crack length, fracture toughness, initial interface stiffness, interface strength, bonding layer thickness and clear distance on the mechanical properties of 3D printed mortar laminated composite were analyzed. The results show that, for the model-I, reducing the initial crack length, increasing the fracture toughness and increasing the bonding layer thickness can improve interface bearing capacity; and the change of initial interface stiffness and interface strength has no effect on the peak value of tensile force. For the model-II, reducing the initial crack length, enhancing the interface strength, increasing the fracture toughness value and reducing the bonding layer thickness can improve the interface bearing capacity; and the change of the initial interface stiffness has no significant effect on the load-displacement curve.
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图 6 不同黏结层厚度的I型对比
Figure 6. Comparison chart of different bonding layer thicknesses in model-I
图 7 不同黏结层厚度的II型对比
Figure 7. Comparison chart of different bonding layer thicknesses in model-II
图 8 初始裂纹长度对I型荷载-位移曲线的影响
Figure 8. Influence of initial crack length on model-I load-displacement curve
图 9 初始裂纹长度对裂纹尖端开口位移曲线的影响
Figure 9. Influence of initial crack length on crack tip opening displacement curves
图 10 断裂韧性对I型荷载-位移曲线的影响
Figure 10. Influence of fracture toughness on model-I load-displacement curve
图 11 起始界面刚度对I型荷载-位移曲线的影响
Figure 11. Influence of interface stiffness on model-I load-displacement curve
图 12 界面强度对I型荷载-位移曲线的影响
Figure 12. Influence of interface strength on model-I load-displacement curve
图 13 初始裂纹长度对II型荷载-位移曲线的影响
Figure 13. Influence of initial crack length on model-II load-displacement curve
图 14 断裂韧性对II型荷载-位移曲线的影响
Figure 14. Influence of fracture toughness on model-II load-displacement curve
图 15 断裂韧性对应的荷载峰值变化曲线
Figure 15. Loading peak curve corresponding to fracture toughness
图 16 起始界面刚度对II型荷载-位移曲线的影响
Figure 16. Influence of interface stiffness on model-II load-displacement curve
图 17 界面强度对II型荷载-位移曲线的影响
Figure 17. Influence of interface strength on model-II load-displacement curve
图 18 净距对II型荷载-位移曲线的影响
Figure 18. Influence of clear distance on model-II load-displacement curve
表 1 内聚力参数
Table 1. Cohesive parameters
T/mm Nmax/ MPa Smax/ MPa GI/(N∙mm−1) GII/(N∙mm−1) Knn/(N∙mm−3) Kss/(N∙mm−3) 0.16 0.35 2.0 0.40 0.73 15 625 31 250 0.20 0.50 2.5 0.55 0.65 12 500 25 000 
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