Tension Mechanical Behavior of 3D Printed Composite Materials Inspired by Nacre
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摘要: 采用硬质和软质双组分材料，通过调控两种基体材料的装配夹角，采用光固化3D打印技术制备了不同装配方式的仿贝壳珍珠层复合材料，开展了准静态拉伸实验，结合扫描电镜观察，分析了其拉伸力学性能、断裂及能量耗散机理。研究结果表明，保持胞元边长不变，随着面内装配角度增加，仿贝壳珍珠层复合材料的强度呈线性增加趋势，断裂应变呈线性减小的趋势；随着面外装配角度增大，断裂应变呈线性减小趋势，而强度在面外装配角小于45°时呈增强趋势，超过45°时趋于稳定；面外装配角度为45°时，材料的强度达到最大值。试样在断裂前主要通过硬质材料的拔出、软/硬相界面处微裂纹的生成及微裂纹在扩展过程中的合并和偏转等方式耗散能量。Abstract: Nacre inspired composite materials with different assembly modes were fabricated by photocurable 3D printing. The composite materials consist of two kinds of matrix materials. The tension mechanical properties, fracture and energy dissipation mechanism were analyzed by quasi-static tensile tests combined with scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that, keeping the length of the cell constant, the strength of nacre inspired composite materials increase linearly, while the fracture strain decreases linearly with the increasing of in-plane assembly angle. The fracture strain decreases linearly with the increasing of out-plane assembly angle. When the out-plane assembly angle is less than 45°, the strength of nacre inspired composite materials increases linearly with increasing such angle, but it tends to be stable when such angle exceeds 45°. The strength of the material reaches the maximum value when the out-plane assembly angle is 45°. Most of the tension energy is dissipated by pull-out of the hard materials, generation, propagation and combination of micro-cracks at the soft/hard interface and the crack deflection in the propagation process.
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Key words:
- 3D printing /
- tension mechanical behavior /
- bio-inspired material /
- energy dissipation
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图 2 双相材料介观几何构型与组合方式以及结构优化示意图
Figure 2. Mesoscale structure and combination of biphase materials and structural-optimized diagrams
图 3 硬质材料(a)与软质材料(b)在准静态拉伸下的应力-应变关系
Figure 3. Stress-strain curve of stiff (a) and soft (b) phases under quasi-static tensile
图 4 (a) I-15～I-75及B-M试样准静态拉伸应力-应变曲线，(b) I-15～I-75及B-M试样断裂应变及拉伸强度
Figure 4. (a) Stress-strain curve of I-15–I-75 and B-M specimens under quasi-static tensile; (b) fracture strain and tensile strength of I-15–I-75 and B-M specimens
图 5 (a) O-15～O-75及B-M试样准静态拉伸应力-应变曲线，(b) O-15～O-75及B-M试样断裂应变及拉伸强度
Figure 5. (a) Stress-strain curve of O-15–O-75 and B-M specimens under quasi-static tensile, and(b) fracture strain and tensile strength of O-15–O-75 and B-M specimens
表 1 模型及试件编号
Table 1. Number of models and specimens
Type Unit cell Specimens B-M 
I-15 
I-30 
I-45 
I-60 
I-75 
O-15 
O-30 
O-45 
O-60 
O-75 
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