铝氧比对含铝炸药水下爆炸载荷及能量输出结构的影响

田俊宏; 孙远翔; 张之凡

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20190745

铝氧比对含铝炸药水下爆炸载荷及能量输出结构的影响

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20190745

北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室，北京　100081

基金项目: 爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室（北京理工大学）自主研究课题探索性项目（YBKT17-08）；中国博士后科学基金(2017M620644)

详细信息

作者简介:
田俊宏（1992－），男，硕士研究生，主要从事水下爆炸研究. E-mail: junhong_tian@163.com

通讯作者:
孙远翔（1967－），男，博士，副教授，主要从事水下爆炸研究. E-mail: sunyuanxiang002@126.com

中图分类号: O383
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-03-25
- 修回日期: 2019-04-19

Effect of Al/O Ratio on Underwater Explosion Load and Energy Output Configuration of Aluminized Explosive

State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

摘要

摘要: 为了系统地研究铝氧比对含铝炸药水下爆炸载荷及能量输出结构的影响，在验证数值模型有效性的基础上，针对铝氧比分别为0、0.16、0.36、0.63的RDX基含铝炸药，利用耦合欧拉-拉格朗日方法模拟了其水下爆炸连续的全过程，考虑了冲击波载荷和气泡载荷之间的耦合作用，从冲击波、气泡和能量输出结构三方面对影响效应进行评估。计算结果表明：随着铝氧比的增大，含铝炸药水下爆炸冲击波衰减时间常数、冲击波冲量、气泡脉动周期、气泡最大半径以及比气泡能都增大；铝氧比为0.36时，冲击波峰值压力、冲击波能流密度和比冲击波能达到最大。铝粉的加入对气泡能的提高相对于冲击波能更加显著。
- 含铝炸药 /
- 铝氧比 /
- 水下爆炸 /
- 冲击波 /
- 气泡 /
- 能量输出
Abstract: In order to study the effect of Al/O ratio on underwater explosion load and energy output configuration of aluminized explosives systematically, four kinds of aluminized explosives are taken into account, and their Al/O ratio are 0, 0.16, 0.36 and 0.63, respectively. Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian method was used to simulate the whole process of underwater explosion of four kinds of aluminized explosives on the basis of verifying the effectiveness of numerical method. The coupling effect between shock wave and bubble was considered in the numerical simulation. The impact effect is explained from three aspects: shock wave, bubble and energy output configuration. Simulation results show that with the increase of Al/O ratio, shock wave attenuation constant, shock wave impulse, bubble period, bubble maximum radius and specific bubble energy of underwater explosion of aluminized explosives all increase. Shock wave peak pressure, energy flow density and specific shock wave energy reach the maximum when Al/O ratio is 0.36. The addition of aluminum improves bubble energy more significantly than shock wave energy.
- aluminized explosive /
- Al/O ratio /
- underwater explosion /
- shock wave /
- bubble /
- energy output

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图 1 不同时刻冲击波传播压力云图

Figure 1. Shock wave pressure nephogram at different times

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图 2 不同比例距离处压力时程曲线

Figure 2. Pressure time history at different distances

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图 3 冲击波压力峰值对比

Figure 3. Comparison of shock wave peak pressure

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图 5 比冲击波能对比

Figure 5. Comparison of specific shock wave energy

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图 4 冲击波冲量对比

Figure 4. Comparison of shock wave impulse

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图 6 RS211炸药水下爆炸气泡脉动过程示意图

Figure 6. Bubble impulse caused by underwater explosion of RS211

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图 7 不同时刻冲击波压力云图

Figure 7. Shock wave pressure nephogram at different times

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图 8 不同爆距处冲击波压力时程曲线

Figure 8. Pressure time history at different distances

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图 9 铝氧比对峰值压力的影响

Figure 9. Effect of Al/O ratio on peak pressure

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图 12 铝氧比对能流密度的影响

Figure 12. Effect of Al/O ratio on energy flow density

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图 10 铝氧比对衰减常数的影响

Figure 10. Effect of Al/O ratio on attenuation constant

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图 11 铝氧比对冲击波冲量的影响

Figure 11. Effect of Al/O ratio on shock wave impulse

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图 13 气泡半径时程曲线

Figure 13. Time history of bubble radius

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图 14 铝氧比对气泡载荷的影响

Figure 14. Effect of Al/O ratio on bubble load

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图 15 铝氧比对比冲击波能的影响

Figure 15. Effect of Al/O ratio on specific shock wave energy

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图 16 铝氧比与能量构成之间的关系（R/a=28.68）

Figure 16. Relation of Al/O ratio with energy(R/a=28.68)

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表 1 炸药材料参数^[11–12]

Table 1. Explosive material parameters^[11–12]

Sample	$\rho $/(kg·m^–3)	A/GPa	B/GPa	R₁	R₂	ω	e/(J·g^–1)
TNT	1 630	371.20	3.21	4.15	0.95	0.30	4 290
RS211	1 750	758.00	8.51	4.90	1.10	0.20	4 509
1(0)	1 667	334.77	9.50	6.71	1.26	0.21	5 636
2(0.16)	1 720	361.55	27.42	4.81	1.89	0.32	6 206
3(0.36)	1 788	709.60	20.27	5.37	1.90	0.34	6 956
4(0.63)	1 853	761.51	9.16	5.45	1.74	0.23	7 441

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表 2 气泡周期和比气泡能的对比

Table 2. Comparison of bubble period and specific bubble energy

Explosive	T_b/ms		E_b/MJ		e_b/(MJ·kg^–1)		e_b/e_{b, TNT}
Explosive	Exp.	Cal.	Exp.	Cal.	Exp.	Cal.	Exp.	Cal.
RS211	273.33	266.89	9.441 7	8.789 9	3.059 5	2.846 5	1.52	1.48
TNT	235.99	232.56	6.097 2	5.815 6	2.017 2	1.928 9	1.00	1.00

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表 3 RDX基含铝炸药组分^[15]

Table 3. Composition of RDX/Al explosives^[15]

Explosive	$\rho /({\rm{kg}} \cdot {{\rm{m}}^{{\rm{ - }}3}})$	Mass fraction/%				Al/O ratio
Explosive	$\rho /({\rm{kg}} \cdot {{\rm{m}}^{{\rm{ - }}3}})$	RDX	Al	Wax	C	Al/O ratio
1	1 667	95.5	0	2	2.5	0
2	1 720	85.5	10	2	2.5	0.16
3	1 788	75.5	20	2	2.5	0.36
4	1 853	65.5	30	2	2.5	0.63

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