杆式钨合金弹超高速撞击薄靶的能量损耗

孙欢腾; 李名锐; 周刚; 马坤; 舒孝鸿

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20190732

杆式钨合金弹超高速撞击薄靶的能量损耗

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20190732

孙欢腾^{1, 2, 3,},
李名锐²,
周刚^{1, 2,*, ,},
马坤²,
舒孝鸿^{1, 2}

1.
湘潭大学，湖南湘潭　411105
2.
西北核技术研究所，陕西西安　710024
3.
中南大学粉末冶金研究院，湖南长沙　410083

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（11772269, 11402213）

详细信息

作者简介:
孙欢腾（1994－），男，博士研究生，主要从事超高速撞击能量研究. E-mail：780519755@qq.com

通讯作者:
周　刚（1964－），男，研究员，主要从事爆炸与冲击动力学研究. E-mail：gzhou@nint.ac.cn

中图分类号: O385
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-03-04
- 修回日期: 2019-03-24

Energy Dissipation of Tungsten Alloys Cylindrical Rods Hypervelocity Impacting Thin Steel Target

SUN Huanteng^{1, 2, 3
,},
LI Mingrui²,
ZHOU Gang^{1, 2,*
, ,},
MA Kun²,
SHU Xiaohong^{1, 2}

1.
Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
2.
Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi’an 710024, China
3.
Powder Metallurgy Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China

摘要

摘要: 超高速撞击过程伴随着复杂的物理过程。为分析杆式圆柱形钨合金弹超高速撞击薄钢靶时的物理过程，采用AUTODYN/SPH数值仿真计算方法获得了撞击过程模型及每个光滑粒子流体动力学信息，并通过广度搜索破片识别程序识别每个破片所含粒子，利用MATLAB编程对破片粒子数据信息进行统计分析，获得弹靶撞击过程的变化特性、弹靶破片数量、相关能量随撞击时间的变化规律。通过分析发现：随着弹体撞击速度的增加，剩余弹体被严重侵蚀，且弹体能量损耗增加，弹体损失的能量主要转变为弹靶破片动能；计算得到了撞击20 ${\text{μ}}{\rm{s}}$时的能量损耗直方图，同时分析了发生撞击时靶板的能量变化过程，并简要描述了该过程。
- 超高速撞击 /
- 光滑粒子流体动力学方法 /
- 弹靶破片 /
- 能量耗散 /
- 破片识别
Abstract: The complex physical process is always accompanied with hypervelocity impact. In this paper, the physical process of rod-shaped cylindrical tungsten alloy bomb impact thin steel target has been studied. The impact process model and fluid dynamic information of every particle were obtained by means of AUTODYN/SPH method and the fragment particles were identified through range search and fragment identification program. Some information of the elastic target change process, the number of the target fragment, the change of the relative energy with the time during the impact were obtained by MATLAB. It is found that with the increase of impact speed, the residual body is eroded seriously, and the energy loss of missile body is increased, and the energy of the body loss is mainly converted into the kinetic energy of the bomb target. The energy loss histogram of the impact at the time of 20 μs and energy change process for the target plate impacted have been analyzed.
- hypervelocity impact /
- smooth particle hydrodynamics method /
- projectile and target fragments /
- energy dissipation /
- debris identification

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图 1 弹体撞击靶板示意图

Figure 1. Diagrammatic sketch of projectile impact target plate

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图 2 仿真结果与实验结果对比

Figure 2. Comparison between simulation and experimental results

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图 3 不同时刻弹体的侵蚀

Figure 3. Erosion of projectile at different time

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图 4 不同长度弹体以不同速度撞击时产生的弹体破片数量

Figure 4. Fragments’ number of projectile with different velocities and lengths

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图 5 不同长度弹体的撞击结果

Figure 5. Impact results of projectiles with different lengths

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图 6 不同长度的弹体撞击形成的破片云长度和宽度

Figure 6. Debris length and width of projectiles with different lengths

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图 7 能量耗散图

Figure 7. Image of energy dissipation

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图 8 耗散的能量损失与剩余弹体速度降低量

Figure 8. The dissipation of energy and the decline of projectile velocity

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图 9 耗散的总塑性功与内能

Figure 9. The dissipation of total plastic energy and internal energy

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图 10 靶板获能过程

Figure 10. The gain energy of target plate

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图 11 剩余弹体动能

Figure 11. Kinetic energy of residual projectile

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表 1 状态方程参数

Table 1. Parameters of equation of state

Material S C₀/(m·s^–1) ${\varGamma}$ ${{\rho _0}/\left( {{\rm kg}\cdot {{\rm m}^{-3}}} \right)}$

Tungsten alloy 1.23 4 040 1.67 17.6
Q345 Steel 1.49 4 569 2.17 7.83

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表 2 钨合金的Steinberg-Guinan强度模型参数

Table 2. Steinberg-Guinan strength model parameters of tungsten alloy

${{G_0}/{\rm GPa}}$ ${{Y_0}/{\rm GPa}}$ ${ {T_{\rm m}}/{\rm{K} } }$ ${ {G'_p} }$ ${ {G_T'}/({ {\rm{MPa} }\cdot{\rm K}^{ - 1} } })$ ${\,\beta }$ ${n}$ ${ {Y'_p} }$

132 1.4 4 520 1.794 –40 1.3 0.1 0.019 027

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表 3 Q345钢的Johnson-Cook强度模型参数

Table 3. Johnson-Cook strength model parameters of Q345 steel

${A/{\rm GPa}}$ ${B/{\rm GPa}}$ ${n}$ ${C}$ ${m}$ ${{T_{{\rm{melt}}}}/{\rm K}}$ T₀/K G/GPa

0.374 0.795 7 0.454 5 0.015 86 0.885 6 1 759 300 80.47

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表 4 实验与数值仿真结果

Table 4. Results of simulation and experiment

Method Residual projectile’s
kinetic energy/(km·s^–1) Residual projectile’s
length/mm

Experiment 2.945 12.510
Simulation 2.952 11.823

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参考文献(16)

[1]	武强, 张庆明, 孙浩勇, 等. 超高速撞击下PTFE/Al含能材料薄板的载荷特性分析 [J]. 航天器环境工程, 2017, 34(1): 1–7. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1379.2017.01.001 WU Q, ZHANG Q M, SUN H Y, et al. The loading characteristics of PTFE/Al energetic materialsunder hypervelocity impact [J]. Spacecraft Environment Engineering, 2017, 34(1): 1–7. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1379.2017.01.001
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Material	S	C₀/(m·s^–1)	${\varGamma}$	${{\rho _0}/\left( {{\rm kg}\cdot {{\rm m}^{-3}}} \right)}$
Tungsten alloy	1.23	4 040	1.67	17.6
Q345 Steel	1.49	4 569	2.17	7.83

${{G_0}/{\rm GPa}}$	${{Y_0}/{\rm GPa}}$	${ {T_{\rm m}}/{\rm{K} } }$	${ {G'_p} }$	${ {G_T'}/({ {\rm{MPa} }\cdot{\rm K}^{ - 1} } })$	${\,\beta }$	${n}$	${ {Y'_p} }$
132	1.4	4 520	1.794	–40	1.3	0.1	0.019 027

${A/{\rm GPa}}$	${B/{\rm GPa}}$	${n}$	${C}$	${m}$	${{T_{{\rm{melt}}}}/{\rm K}}$	T₀/K	G/GPa
0.374	0.795 7	0.454 5	0.015 86	0.885 6	1 759	300	80.47

Method	Residual projectile’s kinetic energy/(km·s^–1)	Residual projectile’s length/mm
Experiment	2.945	12.510
Simulation	2.952	11.823

杆式钨合金弹超高速撞击薄靶的能量损耗

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20190732

作者简介: 孙欢腾（1994－），男，博士研究生，主要从事超高速撞击能量研究. E-mail：780519755@qq.com

通讯作者: 周 刚（1964－），男，研究员，主要从事爆炸与冲击动力学研究. E-mail：gzhou@nint.ac.cn

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出版历程

Energy Dissipation of Tungsten Alloys Cylindrical Rods Hypervelocity Impacting Thin Steel Target

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出版历程

目录

作者简介:
孙欢腾（1994－），男，博士研究生，主要从事超高速撞击能量研究. E-mail：780519755@qq.com

通讯作者:
周　刚（1964－），男，研究员，主要从事爆炸与冲击动力学研究. E-mail：gzhou@nint.ac.cn