铝铜药型罩射流与侵彻数值模拟

刘志跃; 翟俊昭

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20190728

铝铜药型罩射流与侵彻数值模拟

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20190728

刘志跃^*, ,,
翟俊昭

北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室，北京　100081

基金项目: 北京理工大学爆炸与科学技术国家重点实验室面上项目（YBKT12-06）

详细信息

作者简介:
翟俊昭（1994－），男，硕士研究生，主要从事爆炸安全研究.E-mail: toshiakichia@gmail.com

通讯作者:
刘志跃（1965－），男，博士，副教授，主要从事冲击与爆炸安全研究. E-mail: zyliu@bit.edu.cn

中图分类号: O385; E932.4
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-02-26
- 修回日期: 2019-03-15

Numerical Simulation on the Performance of Shaped Charge with Explosively Welded Aluminum Copper Liner

LIU Zhiyue^{*
, ,},
ZHAI Junzhao

School of Mechatronic Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

摘要

摘要: 为提高射流侵彻性能，根据聚能射流装置的射流形成特点，设计了爆炸复合铝铜金属体作为药型罩的聚能射流装置。此装置依据已有的锥角为42°的聚能装药紫铜药型罩改进而来。利用LS-DYNA软件中的MMALE多物质算法，对此装置的射流形成、侵彻金属靶体全过程进行数值模拟。在保持装药量不变的情况下，计算了当铝铜药型罩锥角分别为36°、38°、40°和42°时的射流形成及侵彻过程。结果表明:射流头部速度随着铝铜药型罩锥角的减小而增大；且锥角为38°时射流穿深最大。相比单纯金属铜药型罩情况，射流头部速度提高了13.2%，侵彻深度提高了14.5%。
- 聚能射流 /
- 侵彻 /
- 铜铝复合药型罩 /
- LS-DYNA
Abstract: According to the character of jet formation in shaped charge device, a new type of charge assembly, with metallic liner of aluminum-copper bond fabricated by explosively welding technique, has been proposed in order to acquire the improvement on penetration capability from such charge. The device is modified from the available conical shaped charge with single copper liner material and 42° conical apex angle. Multi-material arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (MMALE) method in LS-DYNA software package is employed as the numerical simulation tool to fulfill the calculations for the whole processes involving jet formation and ensuing penetration into target. Charges with apex angles varying from 36°, 38°, 40°, and 42° respectively have been calculated for comparison. The results show that the head velocity of the jet increases with the decreasing value of apex angle. Furthermore, 38° apex angle charge reaches maximum penetration depth. Compared to shaped charge with single copper liner, such design of the charge presents 13.2% improvement in jet head velocity and 14.5% rising in penetration depth.
- shaped charge /
- penetration /
- welded aluminum copper liner /
- LS-DYNA

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图 1 经典聚能射流装置

Figure 1. Prototype shaped charge device

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图 2 铝铜复合体药型罩聚能射流装置

Figure 2. Shaped charge with aluminum-copper welded liner

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图 3 射流装置及靶体布置有限元计算设定

Figure 3. Computational diagrams of shape charge and target arrangement

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图 4 纯铜药型罩在50 μs时的射流形态

Figure 4. Jet configuration from conical shaped charge with single copper liner at 50 μs instant

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图 5 纯铜药型罩射流侵彻深度

Figure 5. Penetration into steet target by jet from conical copper liner shaped charge

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图 6 不同锥角铝铜药型罩射流头部速度-时间变化

Figure 6. Variation of jet tip velocity versus time from shaped charge set-up with different liner apex angles

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图 7 锥角为38°时铝铜药型罩射流侵彻过程的计算结果

Figure 7. Penetration phases at shown time intervals by jets from 38° apex angle charge with aluminum-copper welded liner

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图 8 不同锥角铝铜药型罩射流侵彻深度-时间变化

Figure 8. Variation of jet penetration depth versus time by charge devices with different liner apex angles

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图 9 纯铜药型罩射流侵彻靶板前的速度分布

Figure 9. Jet velocity contour from charge with single copper liner

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图 10 锥角38°铝铜药型罩射流侵彻靶板前的速度分布

Figure 10. Jet velocity contour from charge with aluminum copper welded liner under 38° apex angle

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图 11 无结合强度铝铜复合板斜碰撞计算形貌

Figure 11. Computational results of the oblique collision by plates of aluminum copper without bonding

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图 12 结合良好的铝铜复合板斜碰撞计算形貌

Figure 12. Computational results of the oblique collision by plates of aluminum copper with strong bonding

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表 1 模型几何参数

Table 1. Geometrical parameters in shaped charge configuration

δ/cm	h/cm	d/cm	α/(°)	b/cm
0.21	15.24	8.38	42	5.86
Note: δ, h, d, α, b are liner thickness, height of charge, diameter, apex angle, and top diameter, respectively.

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表 2 Octol炸药爆轰性能及JWL参数^[14]

Table 2. Detonation properties and JWL parameters of octol explosive^[14]

ρ₀/(g·cm^–3)	D/(km·s^–1)	p_CJ/GPa	E₀/(J·m^–3)	ω
1.821	8.48	34.2	9.6	0.38

A/GPa	B/GPa	C/GPa	R₁	R₂
748.6	13.38	1.167	4.50	1.20
Note: ω, A, B, C, R₁ and R₂ are JWL EOS parameters; ρ₀, D, p_CJ and E₀ are density, detonation velocity, CJ presure, and explosive energy per volume, respectively.

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表 3 铝和铜的Grüneisen状态方程参数^[16]

Table 3. Parameters in Grüneisen equation of state of aluminum and copper^[16]

Material	ρ₀/(g·cm^–3)	C₀/(km·s^–1)	S	Γ	T_room/K	c_v/(J·kg^–1·K^–1)
Aluminum	2.78	5.39	1.339	1.97	300	884
Copper	8.93	3.94	1.489	2.02	300	383
Note: S is constant; C₀, Γ, T_room, c_v are sound velocity, Grüneisen coefficient, room temperature, and specific heat capacity at constant volume, respectively.

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表 4 铝和铜材料的Steinberg强度模型参数^[17]

Table 4. Parameters in Steinberg strength model of aluminum and copper^[17]

Material	ρ₀/(g·cm^–3)	G₀/GPa	Y₀/GPa	β	n	( ${-G'_r/G_0}$ )×10³/K^–1
Aluminum	2.78	27.6	0.29	125	0.10	0.62
Copper	8.93	47.7	0.12	36	0.45	0.38
Note: β and n are constants; G₀, Y₀ and are shear modulus, yield strength, and ${G'_r}$ shear modulus per time derivative,respectively.

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表 5 钢靶弹塑性随动硬化模型参数^[19]

Table 5. Target material parameters in elastic-plastic-kinematic strength model^[19]

Material	ρ₀/(g·cm^–3)	E_p/GPa	μ	Y/GPa	C_e	P_e/s^–1	ɛ_eff
Steel	7.83	2.07	0.3	0.011 1	6 500	4	0.7
Note: P_e, C_e and ɛ_eff are constants; E_p, μ and Y are platic modulus, Poisson’s ratio and yield strength, respectively.

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表 6 纯铜药型罩射流侵彻计算和实验结果对比

Table 6. Comparison on computational and experimental results of jet and penetration by charge with single copper liner

Jet head velocity/(km·s^–1)		Penetration depth/cm
Experiment	This calculation	Experiment	This calculation
8.30	8.23	38.58–40.23	41.15

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表 7 不同锥角铝铜药型罩与纯铜药型罩射流计算结果对比

Table 7. Computational results on penetration by aluminum-copper liner with various apex angels

Material	α/(°)	Penetration depth/cm
Cu	42°	41.15
Al-Cu	42°	40.01
	40°	44.23
	38°	47.01
	36°	44.02

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表 8 锥角38°铝铜药型罩射流各分段速度分布及总动能

Table 8. Jet velocity values at different locations along its elongation and total jet kinetic energy from the charge with aluminum copper welded liner at 38° apex angle

Portion i	Velocity/(km·s^–1)	v_a/(km·s^–1)	r/cm	l/cm	E_vi/kJ	E_v/kJ
1	2.0–3.0	2.5	0.54	0.45	11.50	454.71
2	3.0–7.0	5.0	0.28	6.09	167.43	454.71
3	7.0–8.0	7.5	0.23	2.29	95.58	454.71
4	8.0–9.6	8.8	0.17	5.74	180.19	454.71

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表 9 单层铜药型罩射流各分段速度分布及总动能

Table 9. Jet velocity values at different locations along jet elongation and total jet kinetic energy from the charge with single copper liner

Portion i	Velocity/(km·s^–1)	v_a/(km·s^–1)	r/cm	l/cm	E_vi/kJ	E_v/kJ
1	2.0–3.0	2.5	0.58	1.21	35.68	414.13
2	3.0–7.0	5.0	0.28	8.83	242.76	414.13
3	7.0–8.0	7.5	0.21	3.40	118.30	414.13
4	7.0–8.3	7.7	0.11	1.75	17.38	414.13

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