刚性柱附近浅水爆炸荷载特性研究

刘靖晗; 唐廷; 韦灼彬; 于小存; 李凌锋; 张元豪

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20180704

刚性柱附近浅水爆炸荷载特性研究

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20180704

刘靖晗^{1, 2,},
唐廷^2,*, ,,
韦灼彬²,
于小存³,
李凌锋^{1, 2},
张元豪^{1, 2}

1.
海军工程大学，湖北武汉　430033
2.
海军勤务学院，天津　300450
3.
联勤保障部队第四工程代建管理办公室，辽宁沈阳　110005

基金项目: 军队后勤科研计划项目（CHJ13J006）

详细信息

作者简介:
刘靖晗（1992－），男，博士研究生，主要从事港口工程、防护工程研究.E-mail：1226001717@qq.com

通讯作者:
唐　廷（1980－），男，博士，讲师，主要从事港口工程、防护工程研究.E-mail：tangting1980@126.com

中图分类号: O383
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-12-20
- 修回日期: 2019-02-25

Pressure Characteristics of Shallow Water Explosion near the Rigid Column

LIU Jinghan^{1, 2
,},
TANG Ting^{2,*
, ,},
WEI Zhuobin²,
YU Xiaocun³,
LI Lingfeng^{1, 2},
ZHANG Yuanhao^{1, 2}

1.
Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan 430033, China
2.
Naval Logistics Collage of PLA, Tianjin 300450, China
3.
Joint Logistics Support Center Fourth Engineering Agency, Shenyang 110005, China

摘要

摘要: 刚性柱附近浅水爆炸时冲击波传播、气泡射流受多种因素影响。考虑水面、水底、刚性柱与水下爆炸冲击波及气泡的耦合作用，基于LS-DYNA有限元软件，建立浅水爆炸全耦合模型，通过经验公式验证有限元模型的正确性。研究表明：采用炸药直径1/3～1/2中心渐变网格能够较好地保证数值模拟精度。在冲击波传播阶段，刚性柱迎爆区冲击波峰值上升并产生切断现象，冲击波下降段被“截断”，而背爆区冲击波峰值衰减约50%，同时正压作用时间增加；在气泡脉动阶段，气泡在收缩阶段产生指向刚性柱的气泡射流，当刚性柱与炸药之间的距离约为一个气泡半径时，刚性柱附近的脉冲荷载增幅最大，脉冲荷载最大测点水深较爆心上移。
- 浅水爆炸 /
- 刚性柱 /
- 切断现象 /
- 射流 /
- 数值模拟
Abstract: Shock wave propagation and bubble jet in the shallow water explosion near a rigid column are affected by many factors. Considering the influence of free water surface, water bottom boundary and rigid column, the coupling numerical model was established based on LS-DYNA, and the feasibility of numerical method is assured by comparison of simulation results and empirical results. The results show that the accuracy of numerical simulation can be better guaranteed if one-third and one-half of the explosive diameter as mesh size is adapted. During the shock wave propagation, the peak pressure in front of the column rises while the cut-off phenomenon causes during the shock wave pressure decreases, and the peak pressure behind the column decreases by approximately 50% while load duration increases. The jet is formed directivity to the column at the complete moment of the first bubble pulsation. The bubble impulse pressure increases most dramatically when the explosive is at a distance of explosive radius from the column, and the depth of the maximum impulse pressure is higher than the depth of explosive.
- shallow water explosion /
- rigid column /
- cut-off phenomenon /
- jet /
- numerical simulation

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图 1 有限元计算模型

Figure 1. FEM calculation model

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图 2 不同网格尺寸下的冲击波峰值压力

Figure 2. Shock peak pressures simulated by different mesh sizes

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图 3 不同网格尺寸下冲击波峰值压力偏差

Figure 3. Error of shock peak pressures for different mesh sizes

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图 4 刚性柱有限元计算模型

Figure 4. FEM calculation model of rigid column

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图 5 刚性柱附近冲击波传播过程

Figure 5. Propagation of shock wave near a rigid column

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图 6 冲击波荷载时程曲线

Figure 6. Time history curve of shock wave load

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图 7 刚性柱附近冲击波峰值压力的变化

Figure 7. Peak pressure of shock wave near a rigid column

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图 8 刚性柱附近冲击波比冲量的变化

Figure 8. Specific impulse of shock wave near a rigid column

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图 9 刚性柱附近气泡射流压力等值线

Figure 9. Pressure peak contour of bubble impulse near a rigid column

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表 1 有限元计算模型材料参数

Table 1. Material parameters of FEM calculation model

Material	ρ/(kg·m^–3)	C₀, C₁, C₂, C₃	C₄	C₅	C₆	E/(J·kg^–1)
Air	1.29	0	0.4	0.4	0	2.5×10⁵

Material	ρ/(kg·m^–3)	C	S₁	S₂	S₃	γ
Water	1000	1480	2.56	–1.986	0.2268	0.5

Material	ρ/(kg·m^–3)	A/GPa	B/GPa	ω	R₁	R₂
TNT	1630	374	7.33	0.3	4.15	0.95

Material	ρ/(kg·m^–3)	E/MPa	G/MPa
Soil	1800	22.4	8

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表 2 数值模拟与经验公式比较

Table 2. Comparison of the numerical and theoretical results

S/m	P_max			R_m			T
S/m	Theoretical results/MPa	Numerical results/MPa	Error/%	Theoretical results/m	Numerical results/m	Error/%	Theoretical results/s	Numerical results/s	Error/%
2	135.05	137.36	1.71	5.00	5.12	2.40	0.56	0.53	5.40
4	61.71	62.39	1.10
6	39.03	38.78	0.63
8	28.20	27.21	3.50
10	21.91	20.80	5.07
12	16.78	17.21	3.49
14	14.98	14.02	6.42

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表 3 刚性柱附近冲击波荷载比较

Table 3. Comparison of the pressure near a rigid column

d_e	Measuring area	P_max			I_b
d_e	Measuring area	Near rigid column/MPa	No rigid column/MPa	Increase/%	Near rigid column/(kN·s·m^–2)	No rigid column/(kN·s·m^–2)	Increase/%
0.39	In front of column	278.68	137.36	102.88	111.53	83.71	33.23
0.39	Behind the column	34.82	80.88	–56.95	39.77	57.01	–30.24
0.98	In front of column	87.64	46.9	86.87	43.16	36.65	17.76
0.98	Behind the column	19.95	38.78	–48.56	26.30	29.28	–10.18
1.95	In front of column	34.74	21.08	64.80	18.77	16.59	13.14
1.95	Behind the column	11.98	19.02	–37.01	13.36	15.94	–16.19

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表 4 刚性柱迎爆区气泡脉冲荷载比较

Table 4. Peak pressure of bubble impulse near a rigid column

d_e	P_max/MPa	Depth of the maximum impulse/m	Increase/%
0.39	9.66	6	15.83
0.98	6.33	7	29.45
1.95	1.58		6.04

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