材料层裂研究的主要进展

周洪强; 张凤国; 潘昊; 何安民; 王裴

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20180670

材料层裂研究的主要进展

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20180670

北京应用物理与计算数学研究所，北京　100094

基金项目: 科学挑战专题（TZ2018001）

详细信息

作者简介:
周洪强（1970－），男，博士，副研究员，主要从事材料动态损伤破坏研究. E-mail: zhouhq@iapcm.ac.cn

中图分类号: O347.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-10-22
- 修回日期: 2019-01-10

Main Progress in Research on Material Spalling

Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China

摘要

摘要: 层裂是一种重要的动态损伤破坏现象，由物质界面的反射稀疏波相互作用引起，其细观尺度上的物理机制是微损伤（即微孔洞和微裂纹）的成核、生长和汇合。围绕美国物理学会George E. Duvall冲击压缩科学奖的3位获奖者Grady、Curran和Johnson的相关工作，概述层裂现象的一些主要研究进展，简要介绍层裂现象的研究历史，以期更深刻地理解那些著名的层裂物理模型和实验技术。此外，报道了最近取得的最新研究成果，阐述了冻结不同损伤水平状态的双层靶层裂实验技术与Hopkinson压杆共通的工作原理。针对微损伤成核和生长断裂破碎模型NAG/FRAG在数学上的不一致性和在物理上的不完备性，指出对于延性材料的层裂过程，只要微孔洞成核的累积数目密度满足尺寸的指数分布、微孔洞半径的生长速度与半径呈线性关系，就能够得到解析形式的损伤度演化方程，该修正模型MNAG在数学上是一致的，在物理上是完备的；对于白以龙等建立的欧拉形式的微损伤数目守恒方程，指出计算损伤度不必显式求解该方程，损伤度的表达式一般通过拉格朗日形式的微损伤数目守恒方程获得；针对损伤度函数模型或封加坡模型，以更加简洁的方法进行了推导。
- 层裂损伤 /
- 层裂强度 /
- 双层靶层裂技术 /
- NAG/FRAG模型 /
- Carroll-Holt-Johnson模型 /
- Gurson模型 /
- Grady模型 /
- 封加坡模型
Abstract: Spallation is an important damage and failure mechanism produced by the interactions of decompression waves from the material interfaces, and is mesoscopically attributed to the nucleation, growth and coalescence of microdamages (microvoids and microcracks). Based on the works of Grady, Curran and Johnson, who respectively won George E. Duvall Shock Compression Science Award of the American Physical Society in 2007, 2009 and 2011, this paper gives a review of the progress and brief history for dynamic material spall. Further physical insights may be obtained based on those known physical models and experimental techniques for dynamic material spallation. In the meantime, some valuable results obtained are presented as follows. (1) Experimental technique of double layer targets, used to freeze the state of spall damage, is based on the same basic physical principle of Hopkinson pressure bar. (2) The nucleation, growth to fragmentation (NAG/FRAG) model, which is mathematically inconsistent and physically incomplete, is modified by inheriting the same size exponential distribution and nucleation rate from the original model by assuming the growth rate of microvoid’s radius proportional to the microvoid’s radius for ductile spall. A modified nucleation and growth (MNAG) model is obtained. The MNAG model is mathematically consistent and physically closed, and owns an analytical damage evolution equation. (3) It is pointed out that the damage can usually be obtained from the equation of microdamage’s number for Lagrangian formulation rather than from the equation for Eulerian formulation presented by Bai Yilong et al. (4) The damage function model or the Feng-Jiapo model is derived by a simpler way.
- spall damage /
- spall strength /
- double target technique for spallation /
- NAG/FRAG model /
- Carroll-Holt-Johnson model /
- Gurson model /
- Grady model /
- Feng-Jiapo model

HTML全文

图 1 典型延性金属层裂过程中应力-孔隙度关系

Figure 1. Typical stress-porosity relationship for the spall of ductile metals

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图 2 Hopkinson压杆示意图

Figure 2. Schematic of Hopkinson bar

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图 3 采用双层靶技术的平板碰撞层裂实验中应力波动力学示意图

Figure 3. Wave dynamics of plate impact experiment for spallation using the double target technique

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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