铜粉末动态压缩行为的多颗粒有限元分析

彭克锋; 潘昊; 赵凯; 郑志军; 虞吉林

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20180665

铜粉末动态压缩行为的多颗粒有限元分析

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20180665

彭克锋^1,,
潘昊²,
赵凯¹,
郑志军^1,*, ,,
虞吉林¹

1.
中国科学技术大学近代力学系中国科学院材料力学行为和设计重点实验室，安徽合肥　230026
2.
北京应用物理与计算数学研究所，北京　100088

基金项目: 科学挑战专题（TZ2018001）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（WK2480000003）

详细信息

作者简介:
彭克锋（1994－），男，博士研究生，主要从事材料动态响应数值模拟研究. E-mail: pkf@mail.ustc.edu.cn

通讯作者:
郑志军（1979－），男，博士，副教授，主要从事材料动态响应数值模拟研究. E-mail: zjzheng@ustc.edu.cn

中图分类号: O347.5
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-10-18
- 修回日期: 2018-11-23

Dynamic Compaction Behaviors of Copper Powders Using Multi-Particle Finite Element Method

PENG Kefeng^1
,,
PAN Hao²,
ZHAO Kai¹,
ZHENG Zhijun^{1,*
, ,},
YU Jilin¹

1.
CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
2.
Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China

摘要

摘要: 颗粒金属材料的宏观力学性能与其细观特性密切相关，金属粉末的冲击压缩问题有待深入研究。选用实验结果较为丰富的铜粉末作为研究对象，基于多颗粒有限元法建立了颗粒金属材料的二维数值分析模型，研究了铜粉末在冲击压缩下的力学行为。数值计算结果表明，在较高速度冲击下颗粒金属材料呈现出高度局部化的变形带，变形带如同冲击波一样从冲击端向支撑端传播。利用速度场计算方法，计算得到了塑性冲击波波阵面的位置，进而获得了不同孔隙率（0.25～0.60）铜粉末的粒子速度与冲击波波速之间的Hugoniot关系，其在较高冲击速度（200～300 m/s）下与实验结果吻合较好。发展了以动态锁定应变为唯一参数的冲击波模型，较好地表征了铜粉末在较高速度冲击下的Hugoniot关系和波后应力。
- 颗粒金属材料 /
- 冲击压缩 /
- 多颗粒有限元法 /
- 冲击波模型 /
- Hugoniot关系
Abstract: The meso-scale characteristics of granular metal materials play an important role in macroscopic mechanical behavior. The dynamic compression behavior of metal powders still needs further researches. In this paper, the copper powders persisting rich experimental results were selected as the research objects. Based on the multi-particle finite element method, a two-dimensional numerical analysis model of granular metal materials was established, and the mechanical behavior of copper powders under impact compression was studied. The numerical results show that the granular metal materials exhibit a highly localized deformation band under high velocity impact, and the deformation bands propagate from the impact end to the support end like a shock wave. By using the velocity field calculation method, the position of the plastic impact wave front was calculated, and the Hugoniot relationship between the particle velocity and the shock wave velocity of copper powders with different porosities (0.25–0.60) was obtained. The numerical results agree well with the experimental results at high impact velocities (200–300 m/s). The shock wave model using the dynamic locking strain as the only parameter was developed. It is found that the Hugoniot relationship and the stress behind the shock wave front of the copper powders under high velocity impact are well characterized.
- granular metal materials /
- shock compression /
- multi-particle finite element method /
- shock model /
- Hugoniot relationship

HTML全文

图 1 颗粒金属材料的几何模型

Figure 1. Geometric models of granular materials

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图 2 铜粉末恒速压缩的细观有限元模型(a)以及颗粒初始网格划分(b)

Figure 2. A finite element model of copper powders under constant-velocity compression (a) and the initial mesh of a particle (b)

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图 3 不同时刻试件变形图

Figure 3. Deformation patterns at different times

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图 4 不同冲击速度下试件内的一维速度(v)分布

Figure 4. One-dimensional velocity distribution in specimens under different impact velocities

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图 5 一维速度分布及其速度梯度 (V=225 m/s, t=0.4 μs, $\phi$=0.28)

Figure 5. One-dimensional velocity distribution and the corresponding velocity gradient (V=225 m/s, t=0.4 μs, $\phi$=0.28)

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图 6 不同冲击速度下冲击波位置随时间变化的关系

Figure 6. Variation of the shock front position with impact time at different impact velocities

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图 7 冲击波速度-粒子速度关系与已有文献结果对比

Figure 7. Comparison of the shock wave speed-particle velocity relations with the data in the literature

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图 8 动态应变锁定冲击波模型

Figure 8. Dynamic shock model with strain locked

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图 9 不同孔隙率的铜粉末粒子速度与冲击波速度的关系

Figure 9. Variation of the shock wave speed with the particle velocity at different porosity of copper powders

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图 10 不同冲击速度下冲击端应力与冲击波模型所得波后应力比较

Figure 10. Comparison of the stress at the impact end obtained from finite element models and the stress behind the shock wave front predicted by the shock model at different impact velocities

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图 11 不同孔隙率下冲击端应力与冲击波模型所得波后应力比较

Figure 11. Comparison of the stress at the impact end and the stress behind the shock wave front obtained by the shock model under different porosities

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表 1 不同孔隙率下细观模型所含颗粒数

Table 1. Particle numbers of mesoscale model at different porosities

Porosity ($\phi $)	Number of particles (N)
0.60	142
0.50	177
0.45	195
0.40	213
0.35	230
0.30	248
0.28	255
0.25	265

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