近场爆炸冲击波对屏蔽压装TNT的冲击引爆试验和仿真

陈兴旺; 王金相; 唐奎; 陈日明; 周莲; 郝春杰

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20180604

近场爆炸冲击波对屏蔽压装TNT的冲击引爆试验和仿真

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20180604

陈兴旺^1,,
王金相^1,*, ,,
唐奎¹,
陈日明²,
周莲²,
郝春杰³

1.
南京理工大学瞬态物理国家重点实验室，江苏南京　210094
2.
中国北方车辆研究所，北京　100072
3.
晋西工业集团，山西太原　030027

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（11672138）

详细信息

作者简介:
陈兴旺（1994－），男，博士研究生，主要从事屏蔽装药结构安全性研究. E-mail：m18851199809@163.com

通讯作者:
王金相（1978－），男，研究员，博士生导师，主要从事爆炸与冲击动力学研究. E-mail： wjx@njust.edu.cn

中图分类号: O383.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-07-23
- 修回日期: 2018-08-23

Experimental and Numerical Study of Shock Initiation of Covered TNT by Near-Field Shock Wave

1.
National Key Laboratory of Transient Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
2.
China North Vehicle Research Institute, Beijing 100072, China
3.
Jinxi Industries Group Co. Ltd., Taiyuan 030027, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究近场强冲击波对屏蔽装药的冲击引爆效应，通过试验和LS-DYNA3D非线性有限元计算程序对屏蔽压装TNT的冲击引爆进行研究，得到了接触爆炸时压装TNT被引爆的临界屏蔽板厚度和非接触爆炸时屏蔽压装TNT的殉爆距离，分析了非接触爆炸时屏蔽板厚度对殉爆距离的影响，并通过非线性最小二乘法拟合得到屏蔽板厚度与殉爆距离的函数关系。结果表明：数值计算结果与试验结果基本一致；接触爆炸时临界起爆的屏蔽板厚度在20～23 mm之间；屏蔽板采用3 mm厚的45钢时，非接触爆炸作用下压装TNT的殉爆距离在12～15 mm之间；非接触爆炸时殉爆距离随着屏蔽板厚度的增加而减小，当无屏蔽板时，压装TNT的殉爆距离为79 mm，当屏蔽板厚度从1 mm加大到9 mm时，殉爆距离从51 mm减为1.5 mm，被发装药的屏蔽板对冲击波有显著的防护作用。
- 屏蔽装药 /
- 冲击引爆 /
- 近场冲击波 /
- 殉爆距离
Abstract: In this study we analyzed the shock initiation process of covered TNT using experiments and LS-DYNA3D to study the damage effect of the near-field strong shock wave on the covered charge. We obtained the critical thickness of the covered plate for detonating TNT during contact explosion and the sympathetic detonation distance of the covered TNT during non-contact explosion and the relation between the covered plate thickness and the distance of the explosion using the non-linear least square method. The results show that the numerical simulation results accord well with the experimental results. The sympathetic detonation distance of the covered-pressed TNT in non-contact explosion ranges from 12-15 mm when the thickness of the 45 steel covered plate is 3 mm. The critical thickness of the covered plate is between 20 and 23 mm for the pressed TNT ignited by contact explosion. The sympathetic detonation distance of the non-contact explosion decreases as the covered plate thickness increases. Without a covered plate, the sympathetic detonation distance is 79 mm. When the thickness of the covered plate increases from 1 mm to 5 mm, the sympathetic detonation distance reduces from 51 mm to 1.5 mm. The thickness of the covered plate is of great importance for the protection against shock waves.
- covered charge /
- shock initiation /
- near-field shock wave /
- sympathetic detonation distance

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图 1 屏蔽装药冲击引爆数值计算模型图

Figure 1. Numerical calculation model of covered charge explosive detonation

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图 2 屏蔽装药冲击引爆实物照片

Figure 2. Photo of shock initiation of covered charge

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图 3 套筒高度为10 mm时不同时刻起爆装置的高速摄影照片

Figure 3. High speed camera photos of experimental setup with 10 mm PPR sleeve at different time

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图 4 套筒高度为15 mm时不同时刻起爆装置的高速摄影照片

Figure 4. High speed camera photos of experimental setup with 15 mm PPR sleeve at different time

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图 5 接触爆炸试验后被发装药的见证板变形

Figure 5. Deformation of the witness plates under the acceptor with contact explosion

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图 6 非接触爆炸试验后被发装药的见证板变形

Figure 6. Deformation of the witness plates under the acceptor with non-contact explosion

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图 7 被发装药爆炸后见证板变形的数值模拟结果

Figure 7. Numerical simulation results of witness plate deformation

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图 8 13.0 mm距离下炸药不同时刻的变形

Figure 8. Calculated pressure contours at various time for the configuration with 13 mm separation

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图 9 13.5 mm距离下炸药不同时刻的变形

Figure 9. Calculated pressure contours at various times for the configuration with 13.5 mm separation

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图 10 13.0 mm间隔高度下被发装药的爆轰成长过程

Figure 10. Detonation development process with spacing distance of 13.0 mm

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图 11 13.5 mm间隔高度下被发装药的熄爆过程

Figure 11. Extinguished process with spacing distance of 13.5 mm

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图 13 殉爆距离随屏蔽板厚度变化曲线

Figure 13. Variation of sympathetic detonation distance with shield thickness

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图 12 屏蔽装药冲击起爆示意

Figure 12. Shock initiation of covered charge

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表 1 主发炸药和屏蔽板的材料模型参数^[11-13]

Table 1. Parameters for donor charge and shell model^[11-13]

Material	ρ₀/（g·cm^-3）	D/（m·s^-1）	p_CJ/GPa	A/GPa	B/GPa	R₁	R₂	ω	E/(10⁹ J·m^-3)
TNT	1.60	6 812	18.56	370	3.23	4.15	0.95	0.3	7

Material	ρ₀/（g·cm^-3）	G/GPa	A₁/GPa	B₁/GPa	C₁	n	m	T_m/K	T_r/K
45 steel	7.85	82.3	0.507	0.320	0.280	0.064	1.06	1 765	298
Q235 steel	7.83	80.0	0.235	0.250	0.022	1.000	0.36	1 793	294

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表 2 TNT点火增长反应模型参数^[13]

Table 2. Ignition and growth reactive flow model parameters for TNT^[13]

I/μs^–1	G₁/( Pa^–3·s^–1)	G₂/( Pa^–3·s^–1)	a	b	c	d	e	g	x	y	z
8×10⁸	4.20×10^–25	2.60×10^–25	0.111	0.667	0.667	0.667	0.333	1	6	3	3

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表 3 屏蔽装药冲击引爆试验结果

Table 3. Results of shock initiation of covered charge

Explosion type	Test No.	d/mm	h/mm	Explosion situation of acceptor charge	Pit depth/mm
Contact explosion	1	20		Exploded	4.22
	2	26		Unexploded	0
	3	23		Unexploded	0
Non-contact explosion	4	3	10	Exploded	4.20
	5	3	19	Unexploded	0
	6	3	15	Unexploded	0
	7	3	12	Part of the explosion	2.20

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表 4 屏蔽装药冲击引爆试验和仿真计算结果

Table 4. Test and simulation results of shock initiation of covered charge

Explosion type	Test results		Simulation results
Explosion type	d/mm	Explosion situation	d/mm	Explosion situation
Contact explosion	20	Exploded	24.0	Exploded
Contact explosion	23	Unexploded	24.5	Unexploded
Explosion type	Test results		Simulation results
Explosion type	h/mm	Explosion situation	h/mm	Explosion situation
Non-contact explosion	12	Partial explosion	13.0	Exploded
Non-contact explosion	15	Unexploded	13.5	Unexploded

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