Experimental Investigation on Load Characteristics and Structure Response of Finite-Size Plate Subjected to Underwater Explosions
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摘要: 为研究近结构边界下水下爆炸冲击波和气泡载荷特性，设计几种典型尺寸的平板模型，通过调整爆径比、平板厚度等参数，试验研究了水下非接触爆炸下的气泡脉动过程，分析平板边界处的低压流场特性，并基于应变分析获得了平板结构的局部及整体响应特征。研究发现：在近平板爆炸气泡的运动过程中，平板边界处会出现低压（负压）流场，低压维持时间约占气泡脉动周期的60%~80%，最大负压值可达0.1 MPa；随着爆径比的减小，平板的最终变形由弹性变形、中垂变形向中拱变形转变。Abstract: In order to study the loading characteristics of underwater explosion shock wave and bubble near the structural boundary, we designed and tested several plate models.By changing the ratio of stand-off to the maximum bubble radius, the flat thickness and other parameters, we analyzed the bubble pulsation and the low-pressure flow field at the plate boundary, as well as the local and global response characteristics of the slab based on the strain analysis.The results show that a low-pressure (negative pressure) flow field appears at the boundary of the plate during the movement of the bubble in near-flat explosion.The duration of the low-pressure accounts for 60%-80% of the bubble pulsation period and the maximum negative pressure can reach 0.1 MPa.With the reduction of the ratio of stand-off to the maximum bubble radius, the final deformation of the plate changes from elastic and sagging deformation to hogging deformation.
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Key words:
- underwater explosion /
- negative pressure /
- load characteristics /
- bubble pulsation /
- structure response
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表 1 试验工况
Table 1. Test cases
Case Model h/m w/g R/rmax Tb/ms 1 M3 1.0 18 2.46 69.82 2 M3 0.8 18 1.96 70.34 3 M6 0.6 18 1.46 71.40 4 M3 0.4 18 0.97 72.51 5 M6 1.0 10 2.99 56.98 6 M6 1.0 5 3.77 45.23 
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表 2 不同工况下冲击波和气泡脉动的压力峰值
Table 2. Peak pressures of shock wave and bubble pulsation in test cases
Case R/rmax pw/MPa pb1/MPa pb2/MPa $\frac{{{p_{{\rm{b1}}}}}}{{{p_{\rm{w}}}}}/\% $ 1 2.46 2 1.96 6.963 1.274 0.416 18.30 3 1.46 8.804 1.097 0.522 12.46 4 0.97 6.932 0.637 9.18 5 2.99 5.464 0.950 0.406 17.38 6 3.77 4.610 0.762 0.218 16.53
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表 3 不同工况下平板在各个阶段的应变峰值
Table 3. Peak strains at each stage of plate in different cases
Case R/rmax Peak strain/(10-3) Hogging phase Sagging phase Stabilization phase S1 S2 S3 S4 S1 S2 S3 S4 S1 S2 S3 S4 1 2.46 0.577 0.684 0.306 0.366 -0.212 -0.470 -0.267 -0.334 -0.090 -0.014 -0.026 -0.011 2 1.96 0.780 0.606 0.388 0.305 -0.385 -0.503 -0.371 -0.321 0.011 0.023 -0.031 -0.050 4 0.97 0.533 -0.148 -0.171 -0.008 -0.111 -0.539 -0.600 0.407 0.055 -0.403 -0.452 5 2.99 0.543 0.535 0.269 0.345 -0.472 -0.492 -0.746 -0.939 0 0 0 0 6 3.77 0.613 0.553 0.097 0.097 -0.338 -0.240 -0.177 -0.233 0 0 0 0
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表 4 工况2和工况4的压力对比
Table 4. Comparison of pressures in Case 2 and Case 4
Case First pulsation Second pulsation tp1/ms tn1/ms pn1/MPa tp2/ms tn2/ms pn2/MPa 2 13.90 51.45 -0.067 5.33 40.95 -0.095 4 4.40 55.05 -0.184 5.60 52.77 -0.142
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表 5 R/rmax对气泡脉动周期的影响
Table 5. Effect of R/rmax on the period of bubble pulsation
Case R/rmax Bubble pulsation period Test/ms Theor./ms Error/% 1 2.46 69.82 2 1.96 67.10 70.34 4.6 3 1.46 67.17 71.40 5.9 4 0.97 66.32 72.51 8.5 5 2.99 53.34 56.98 6.4 6 3.77 42.22 45.23 6.7
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