Development of a Vertical Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar
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摘要: 低波阻抗材料通常可以用于吸能、缓冲等领域。用分离式霍普金森压杆实验装置测量这类材料的动态本构关系时，并不需要子弹拥有太高的冲击速度，但要求速度稳定，每次实验过程中的速度偏差要小。为此，依据自由落体原理，研制立式分离式霍普金森压杆，通过下落高度精确控制子弹撞击速度。通过夹持入射杆的摩擦力与入射杆重力相等的方法消除入射杆自重对实验结果的影响。通过对PVA（聚乙烯醇）纤维增韧混凝土的动态压缩实验验证该实验装置的可靠性。Abstract: Measuring the dynamic constitutive relation of low-impedance materials which are usually used in the field such as energy absorption and cushion by using a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) device generally does not require a high impact velocity of bullet but a stable one with little error in the experiments.In this study, based on the principle of free fall, we developed a vertical split Hopkinson pressure bar.We can precisely control the bullet impacting speed through the height of the free fall.In order to eliminate the gravity effects on the experiment, we held the incident bar by the friction force, and let the friction force equals the incident bar gravity.We carried out dynamic compression experiments of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber concrete to verify the reliability of the experimental device.
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图 1 立式SHPB装置(1.子弹; 2.速度精准仪; 3.加速导管; 4.入射杆; 5.摩擦力夹; 6.试件; 7.透射杆; 8.减震吸能装置)
Figure 1. Schematic of vertical SHPB system (1.Bullet; 2.Speed adjustment; 3.Guide-bar; 4.Incident bar; 5.Friction clasp; 6.Specimen; 7.Transmission bar; 8.Shock-absorption device)
图 2 气枪发射子弹与子弹自由落体得到的速度对比
Figure 2. Comparison on the bullet velocities of air gun shooting and freely falling
图 4 通过三波校核法分离的基本波形
Figure 4. Basic waves selected by three-wave mutual-checking method
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