玻璃微球基乳化炸药及其在爆炸焊接中的应用

李雪交; 汪泉; 马宏昊; 杨明; 沈兆武; 毕志雄

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20170651

玻璃微球基乳化炸药及其在爆炸焊接中的应用

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20170651

1.
安徽理工大学化学工程学院, 安徽淮南 232001
2.
中国科学技术大学近代力学系材料力学行为和设计重点实验室, 安徽合肥 230027

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 11502001

中国博士后基金面上项目 2014M561808

详细信息

作者简介:
李雪交(1986-), 男, 博士, 讲师, 主要从事含能材料与爆炸复合方面的研究.E-mail:xjli@aust.edu.cn

中图分类号: TG456.6;TQ560.1
计量
- 文章访问数: 7602
- HTML全文浏览量: 3445
- PDF下载量: 207
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-09-28
- 修回日期: 2017-10-31

Glass Microsphere Based Emulsion Explosive and Application in Explosive Welding

1.
College of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan 232001, China
2.
CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China

摘要

摘要: 爆速是爆炸复合的主要参数之一。采用玻璃微球作为敏化剂和稀释剂，研究玻璃微球尺寸、含量对乳化炸药爆速的影响，然后调配爆速为2.230 km/s的低爆速乳化炸药，利用铝蜂窝板配置蜂窝结构炸药，进行铝-钢复合板的爆炸焊接。试验结果表明：炸药密度随着玻璃微球含量的增加而减小；小尺寸玻璃微球含量（质量分数）小于2%或者大于35%时，乳化炸药发生拒爆现象；玻璃微球含量大于7%且小于35%时，炸药爆速随着玻璃微球含量的增大而减小。小尺寸（5~100 μm）玻璃微球的敏化效果和调节爆速效果比大尺寸（70~200 μm）玻璃微球好，铝蜂窝结构炸药用于铝-钢爆炸焊接可以获得良好的结合质量。
- 玻璃微球 /
- 敏化剂 /
- 稀释剂 /
- 炸药性能 /
- 爆炸焊接
Abstract: Detonation velocity is one of the main parameters in explosive welding where glass microsphere is used as a sensitizer and diluent.In this paper, the effect of the glass microsphere on detonation velocity of emulsion explosive was explored.The honeycomb-structured explosive manufactured using a honeycomb aluminum panel and a low detonation velocity emulsion explosive with the detonation velocity of 2.230 km/s was used to carry out explosive welding of Al-steel clad plate.The results showed that the density of the explosive decreased with the increase of the glass microsphere content.The emulsion explosive misfired when the content of the glass microsphere was less than 2% or greater than 35%.The detonation velocity of the emulsion explosive decreased with the increase of the glass microsphere content when the content of the glass microsphere was greater than 7% and less than 35%.The sensitization effect and detonation velocity adjustment effect of small-size glass microspheres produced a better welding quality than those of large-size glass microspheres.The honeycomb aluminum structured explosive used for Al-steel explosive welding was able to achieve superior bonding quality.
- glass microsphere /
- sensitizer /
- diluent /
- explosive property /
- explosive welding

HTML全文

图 1 不同玻璃微球含量的乳化炸药形貌

Figure 1. Morphology of emulsion explosive with different contents of glass microsphere

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 炸药密度与玻璃微球含量的关系曲线

Figure 2. Variation of explosive density with content of glass microsphere

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 乳化炸药爆速与玻璃微球含量的变化曲线

Figure 3. Variation of explosive velocity of emulsion explosive with content of glass microsphere

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 蜂窝结构炸药

Figure 4. Honeycomb aluminum explosive

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 爆炸焊接装置示意图

Figure 5. Schematic of explosive welding setup

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 铝-钢爆炸复合板界面金相组织

Figure 6. Metallographic image of Al-steel explosively clad plate

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 铝-钢爆炸复合界面扫描电镜图

Figure 7. SEM image at the interface of Al-steel explosively clad plate

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 乳化基质的组分

Table 1. Constituents of emulsion matrix

(%)
NH₄NO₃	NaNO₃	H₂O	C₁₈H₃₈	C₂₄H₄₄O₆	C₁₂H₂₆
73	10	10	4	2	1

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 不同尺寸和含量玻璃微球的炸药密度

Table 2. Density of explosive of explosive with different sizes and contents of glass microspheres

GM content/%	Density of explosive/(g·cm^-3)
1	1.30
2	1.26
3	1.22
5	1.14
7	1.07
15	0.88
25	0.77
30	0.70
35	0.59
40	0.48

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 不同尺寸、含量玻璃微球的炸药爆速

Table 3. Detonation velocity of explosive with different sizes and contents of glass microspheres

GM size/μm	Detonation velocity/(km·s^-1)
GM size/μm	1%	2%	3%	5%	7%	15%	25%	30%	35%	40%
Size 1 (5-100)	0	4.867	5.087	4.915	4.759	3.252	2.471	1.923	0
Size 2 (70-200)		0	4.852	4.935	4.851	3.779	2.917	2.531	2.108	0

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 金属材料的物理力学性能

Table 4. Physical and mechanical properties of metallic materials

Material	T/℃	ρ/(g·cm^-3)	H_V	σ_s/MPa	σ_b/MPa	c/(km·s^-1)
1060 Al alloy	660	2.72	32	45	100	6.3
Q345 steel	1 523	7.85	168	385	609	6.0

下载: 导出CSV

表 5 铝-钢爆炸焊接参数

Table 5. Explosive welding parameters of Al-steel clad plate

Density of explosive/(g·cm^-3)	Charge per unit area/(g·cm^-2)	Charge/g	Detonation velocity/(km·s^-1)	Mass ratio	Thickness of explosive/mm
0.81	1.80	123	2.230	2.20	22.0

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(15)

[1]	FINDIK F.Recent developments in explosive welding[J].Materials & Design, 2011, 32(2):1081-1093. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0261306910006138
[2]	夏鸿博, 王少刚, 翟伟国, 等.金属爆炸焊接技术研究进展[J].热加工工艺, 2013, 42(5):203-206. http://industry.wanfangdata.com.cn/dl/Detail/Periodical?id=Periodical_rjggy201305067 XIA H B, WANG S G, ZHAI W G, et al.Research progress of metal explosive welding technology[J].Hot Working Technology, 2013, 42(5):203-206. http://industry.wanfangdata.com.cn/dl/Detail/Periodical?id=Periodical_rjggy201305067
[3]	郭训忠, 陶杰, 袁正, 等.爆炸焊接TA1/Al复合管的界面及性能研究[J].稀有金属材料与工程, 2012, 41(1):139-142. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=xyjsclygc201201031 GUO X Z, TAO J, YUAN Z, et al.Interface and properties of explosive welded TA1/Al clad tube[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering, 2012, 41(1):139-142. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=xyjsclygc201201031
[4]	ZHANG N, WANG W, CAO X, et al.The effect of annealing on the interface microstructure and mechanical characteristics of AZ31B/AA6061 composite plates fabricated by explosive welding[J].Material & Design, 2015, 65:1100-1109. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0261306914006414
[5]	KAYA Y, KAHRAMAN N, DURGUTLU A, et al.Investigation of the microstructural, mechanical and corrosion properties of grade a ship steel-duplex stainless steel composites produced via explosive welding[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 2017, 48(8):3721-3733. doi: 10.1007/s11661-017-4161-3
[6]	孙伟, 李晓杰, 闫鸿浩.合金工具钢的水下爆炸焊接[J].爆炸与冲击, 2016, 36(1):107-112. doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2016)01-0107-06 SUN W, LI X J, YAN H H.Underwater explosive welding of tool steel[J].Explosion and Shock Waves, 2016, 36(1):107-112. doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2016)01-0107-06
[7]	LIU L, JIA Y F, XUAN F Z.Gradient effect in the waved interfacial layer of 304L/533B bimetallic plates induced by explosive welding[J].Materials Science and Engineering A, 2017, 704:493-502. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2017.08.012
[8]	SIL'VESTROV V, PLASTININ A.Investigation of low detonation velocity emulsion explosives[J].Combustion Explosion and Shock Waves, 2009, 45(5):618-626. doi: 10.1007/s10573-009-0074-9
[9]	KAHRAMANN, GULENC B.Microstructural and mechanical properties of Cu-Ti plates bonded through explosive welding process[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2005, 169(1):67-71. doi: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.02.264
[10]	张越举, 杨旭升, 李晓杰, 等.钛/钢复合板爆炸焊接实验[J].爆炸与冲击, 2012, 32(1):103-107. doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2012)01-0103-05 ZHANG Y J, YANG X S, LI X J, et al.An experimental research on explosive welding of titanium/steel cladplate[J].Explosion and Shock Waves, 2012, 32(1):103-107. doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2012)01-0103-05
[11]	CHU Q L, ZHANG M, LI J H, et al.Experimental and numerical investigation of microstructure andmechanical behavior of titanium/steel interfaces prepared by explosivewelding[J].Materials Science and Engineering A, 2017, 689:323-331. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2017.02.075
[12]	付艳恕, 孙宇新, 陈志华, 等.铝-铝爆炸焊接界面的实验研究[J].实验力学, 2011, 26(1):49-52. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYLX201101010.htm FU Y S, SUN Y X, CHEN Z H, et al.An experimental investigation on Al-Al explosive welding interfaces[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics, 2011, 26(1):49-52. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYLX201101010.htm
[13]	邓伟, 陆明, 田晓洁.爆速对爆炸焊接铝/不锈钢复合管界面及结合性能的影响[J].爆炸与冲击, 2015, 35(1):82-88. doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2015)01-0082-07 DENG W, LU M, TIAN X J.Influence of detonation velocity interface and combination performances of Al/316L composite tube by explosive welding[J].Explosion and Shock Waves, 2015, 35(1):82-88. doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2015)01-0082-07
[14]	黄文尧, 张凯, 吴红波, 等.低爆速爆炸焊接乳化炸药的制备与性能[J].含能材料, 2013, 21(3):357-362. HUANG W Y, ZHANG K, WU H B, et al.Preparation and performance of low detonation velocity emulsion explosives used in explosive welding[J].Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2013, 21(3):357-362.
[15]	郑远谋.爆炸焊接和金属复合材料及其工程应用[M].长沙:中南大学出版社, 2002:93-94. ZHENG Y M.Explosive welding and metallic composite and their engineering application[M].Changsha:Central South University Press, 2002:93-94.