月幔条件下水在橄榄石中扩散的实验研究

谢梦雨 鹿亚飞 邹心宇 邓力维

谢梦雨, 鹿亚飞, 邹心宇, 邓力维. 月幔条件下水在橄榄石中扩散的实验研究[J]. 高压物理学报, 2018, 32(1): 011201. doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20170645
引用本文: 谢梦雨, 鹿亚飞, 邹心宇, 邓力维. 月幔条件下水在橄榄石中扩散的实验研究[J]. 高压物理学报, 2018, 32(1): 011201. doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20170645
XIE Mengyu, LU Yafei, ZOU Xinyu, DENG Liwei. Water Diffusion in Olivine under Lunar Mantle Conditions[J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2018, 32(1): 011201. doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20170645
Citation: XIE Mengyu, LU Yafei, ZOU Xinyu, DENG Liwei. Water Diffusion in Olivine under Lunar Mantle Conditions[J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2018, 32(1): 011201. doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20170645

月幔条件下水在橄榄石中扩散的实验研究

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20170645
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金 41374096

国家自然科学基金 41490632

中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类) XDB18000000

中国科学院重点部署项目(Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences) QYZDJ-SSW-DQC001

详细信息
    作者简介:

    谢梦雨(1991-), 女, 硕士, 主要从事活塞圆筒压机、高压矿物物理研究. E-mail: xiemengyu@mail.iggcas.ac.cn

    通讯作者:

    邓力维(1981—), 女, 博士, 副研究员, 主要从事高压科学与技术、地球深部矿物物性研究. E-mail: dengliwei@mail.iggcas.ac.cn

  • 中图分类号: O521.2

Water Diffusion in Olivine under Lunar Mantle Conditions

  • 摘要: 利用高温高压实验技术,对月幔条件下水在橄榄石中的扩散行为开展实验模拟研究,考察氧逸度、压力和温度对水沿橄榄石晶体不同晶轴扩散速率的影响。实验结果表明:在高氧逸度条件下水在橄榄石中的扩散速率比低氧逸度条件下更高;扩散速率与温度正相关,与压力负相关;水沿橄榄石[100]轴的扩散速率较高,沿[001]轴的扩散速率较低,且随着压力的升高,扩散的各向异性减弱。月幔条件下,即使未完全饱和时橄榄石中的羟基含量仍超过10-4,因此橄榄石可成为月球深部水的重要储库。通过对比岩浆上升及喷发速率与水在橄榄石熔体包裹体中的扩散速率可知,熔体包裹体在岩浆上升过程中不会出现水的丢失,而在岩浆喷发过程中极有可能由于扩散作用而丢失大量的水。因此,前人根据橄榄石熔体包裹体所推测的月幔水含量有可能仅是下限值。研究工作为准确推演月球演化历史提供基础科学依据。

     

  • 图  退火后橄榄石的穆斯堡尔谱(293 K)

    Figure  1.  Mössbauer spectrum of olivine recovered from annealing experiment (293 K)

    图  实验组装示意

    Figure  2.  Schematic illustration of experimental assembly

    图  橄榄石[100]轴边缘处非偏振红外光谱(所有光谱都进行了归一化处理)

    Figure  3.  Unpolarized IR spectra of olivines (at the rim) along [100] axis (All the spectra are normalized to 1 cm of thickness)

    图  Ol-5-3橄榄石晶体中平行[100]轴的非偏振红外光谱(900 ℃、1.5 GPa、5 h、NNO;主要的羟基峰位于3 610、3 599、3 572、3 568、3 502、3 444、3 417、3 356和3 329 cm-1;所有光谱都进行了归一化处理)

    Figure  4.  Unpolarized infrared spectra as a function of wavenumber and position along the [100] axis in sample Ol-5-3 (900 ℃, 1.5 GPa, 5 h, NNO.The major hydroxyl absorption bands are located at 3 610, 3 599, 3 572, 3 568, 3 502, 3 444, 3 417, 3 356 and 3 329 cm-1.All the spectra are normalized to 1 cm of thickness.)

    图  Ol-7-1橄榄石晶体(2.5 GPa、900 ℃、NNO、样品尺寸2.44 mm×0.36 mm×2.09 mm)中水沿[100]和[001]轴的扩散剖面(相应的化学扩散速率标记在图中,黑色圆点为实验数据,实线为根据扩散定律拟合的扩散剖面)

    Figure  5.  Hydroxyl content as a function of position parallel to [100] and [001] crystallographic axes in sample Ol-7-1 (2.5 GPa, 900 ℃, 5 h, buffered by NNO, size 2.44 mm×0.36 mm×2.09 mm.Diffusion coefficients are shown in each plot.Black points are IR data, and the solid lines are fitted diffusion profiles.)

    图  水沿橄榄石[100]和[001]轴的扩散速率与压力的关系

    Figure  6.  Diffusion coefficients along [100] and [001] axes as a function of pressure in olivines

    图  水沿橄榄石[100]、[010]、[001]轴的扩散速率与温度的关系

    Figure  7.  Diffusion coefficients along [100], [010] and [001] axes as a function of temperature in olivines

    表  1  水在橄榄石中扩散的实验条件及样品尺寸

    Table  1.   Experimental conditions of water diffusion in olivine and crystal sizes of samples

    Sample Pressure/GPa Temperature/℃ Duration/h Buffer Capsule Size before hydration[100]×[010]×[001]/(mm×mm×mm) Size for FTIR measurement[100]×[010]×[001]/(mm×mm×mm)
    Ol-5-3 1.5 900 5 NNO Ni 2.90×1.80×1.64 2.90×0.30*×1.64
    Ol-7-1 2.5 900 5 NNO Ni 2.44×2.10×2.09 2.44×0.36*×2.09
    Ol-7-2 3.0 900 5 NNO Ni 1.86×2.08×2.41 1.86×0.21*×2.41
    No.1-2 2.5 900 5 IW Fe 2.42×2.47×1.65 2.42×0.22*×1.65
    No.2-3 2.5 1 050 2/3 IW Fe 1.87×2.08×2.44 1.87×0.16*×2.44
    No.1-3 2.5 1 200 1/3 IW Fe 2.31×2.33×1.75 2.31×0.33*×1.75
    Note: The asterisk symbols represent sample thickness; NNO and IW stand for nickel-nickel oxide and iron-wüstite, respectively.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  水沿橄榄石各晶轴的扩散速率

    Table  2.   Diffusion coefficients of water along each axis in olivines

    Sample Pressure/GPa Temperature/℃ lg fO2 Duration/h C0/10-5 D[100]/(10-12 m2·s-1) D[001]/(10-12 m2·s-1)
    Ol-5-3 1.5 900 -12.0 5 2.7 2.15 0.35
    Ol-7-1 2.5 900 -12.0 5 6.0 2.35 0.26
    Ol-7-2 3.0 900 -12.0 5 7.1 0.70 0.40
    No.1-2 2.5 900 -16.7 5 10.3 0.31 0.16
    No.2-3 2.5 1 050 -14.1 2/3 13.1 ND 3.50
    No.1-3 2.5 1 200 -11.9 1/3 12.5 8.50 6.75
    Note: (1) lg fO2 was calculated using O'Neill's equation[23] for NNO and O'Neill and Pownceby's equation[24] for IW;
    (2) ND means "not detected", and D[010] in all samples were not detected.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  回收橄榄石样品中的红外羟基波数和羟基结合机制

    Table  3.   Hydroxyl band positions in all recovered olivines and hydroxyl incorporation mechanisms

    Hydroxyl band positions/cm-1 Band assignments
    Ol-5-3 Ol-7-1 Ol-7-2 No.1-2 No.2-3 No.1-3
    3 182 M site
    3 197 3 224 M site
    3 232 M site
    3 263 3 263
    3 329 3 329 3 321 Me3+ site
    3 356 3 356 3 352 3 352 3 356 3 344 Me3+ site
    3402 3 398 3 390 3 394 Ti4+
    3 417 3 421 3 425 3 410 3 410
    3 433
    3 448 3 456 3 452 3 452 3 444 Si site
    3 487 3 483 3 475 3 479 3 475
    3 502 3 494 3 506
    3 510 3 514
    3 525 3 521 Ti4+
    3 545
    3 568 3 568 3 556 3 568 3 560 Si site
    3 572 3 575 Ti4+
    3 591
    3 599 3 599 3 602
    3 610 Si site
    3 629
    下载: 导出CSV
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