爆炸深度对浅水爆炸气泡脉动的影响

董琪; 韦灼彬; 唐廷; 张宁

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20170580

爆炸深度对浅水爆炸气泡脉动的影响

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20170580

董琪^{1, 2,},
韦灼彬²,
唐廷^2,*, ,,
张宁³

1.
海军工程大学, 湖北武汉 430033
2.
海军勤务学院, 天津 300450
3.
海军潜艇学院, 山东青岛 266071

基金项目:

军队后勤科研计划项目 CHJ13J006

详细信息

作者简介:
董琪(1990—), 男, 博士研究生, 主要从事港口工程、防护工程研究.E-mail:dq_1990@163.com

通讯作者:
唐廷(1980—), 男, 博士, 讲师, 主要从事港口工程、防护工程研究.E-mail:kublai@126.com

中图分类号: O382.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-05-08
- 修回日期: 2017-05-22

Influence of Explosion Depth on Bubble Pulsation in Shallow Water Explosion

DONG Qi^{1, 2
,},
WEI Zhuobin²,
TANG Ting^{2,*
, ,},
ZHANG Ning³

1.
Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan 430033, China
2.
Naval Logistics College of PLA, Tianjin 300450, China
3.
Naval Submarine Academy, Qingdao 266071, China

摘要

摘要: 考虑水面和水底的影响, 采用ALE算法构建浅水爆炸全耦合模型, 运用LS-DYNA对不同爆炸深度下的浅水爆炸进行数值模拟, 通过与COLE经验公式对比, 验证了模拟的可靠性。考察了不同爆炸深度下气泡脉动的形态及荷载特性, 并分析了爆炸深度对浅水爆炸气泡脉动的影响。结果表明:随着爆炸深度增大, 气泡脉动受自由面和重力的影响减小, 受静水压力和边界面的影响增大, 气泡收缩时产生的射流方向由向下逐渐转变为向上, 气泡最大半径到达时间和脉动周期亦增大; 比冲量随水深增大而增长的趋势先增强后减弱, 当爆炸深度靠近水底时, 荷载分布基本趋于一致, 但荷载沿传播距离的衰减速度随着爆炸深度增大而变缓; 危险爆炸深度随测量深度增大而增大的趋势先陡后缓, 至趋近水底面后基本不再变化。
- 浅水爆炸 /
- 数值模拟 /
- 气泡脉动 /
- 爆炸深度
Abstract: Based on the numerical model established using the ALE algorithm in consideration of the influencing factors of the water surface and the water bottom, the shallow water explosion in different explosion depths was simulated using LS-DYNA, and the credibility of the simulation results were verified by the comparison of numerical results and empirical formula.Then the bubble pulsation's form and loading characteristics in different explosion depths were explored, and the influence of the explosion depth on the bubble pulsation in shallow water explosion was analyzed.The results show that with the increase of the explosion depth, the influence of the free surface and gravity diminish, the influence of the hydrostatic pressure and the boundary surface rise up, the jet flow direction constantly changes from downward to upward during the bubble shrinkage process, and the times of the maximum bubble radius and pulsation period also gradually increase; that the specific impulse-water depth curve increases at first and then decreases, and the load distributions are basically consistent with each other when the explosion depth is close to the water bottom; the decline of the load slows down with the explosion's spreading distance; and that the growing trend of hazard explosion depth tends to slow down after rising steeply along with the increase of the depth measured, becoming stable towards the water bottom.
- shallow water explosion /
- numerical simulation /
- bubble pulsation /
- detonation depth

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图 1 有限元计算模型

Figure 1. Finite element calculation model

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图 2 气泡形态图(H=0.43 m·kg^-1/3)

Figure 2. Configuration changing process of bubble form (H=0.43 m·kg^-1/3)

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图 3 气泡形态图(H=1.08 m·kg^-1/3)

Figure 3. Configuration changing process of bubble form (H=1.08 m·kg^-1/3)

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图 4 气泡形态图(H=1.72 m·kg^-1/3)

Figure 4. Configuration changing process of bubble form (H=1.72 m·kg^-1/3)

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图 5 水下爆炸荷载分布

Figure 5. Distribution of underwater explosion loading

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图 6 比冲量衰减曲线

Figure 6. Specific impulse decay curve

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图 7 爆深对不同水深位置荷载峰压的影响

Figure 7. Peak pressure versus explosion depth in different depths

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图 8 爆深对不同水深位置比冲量的影响

Figure 8. Specific impulse versus explosion depth in different depths

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表 1 材料参数

Table 1. Material parameters

Material	ρ/(kg·m^-3)	C₀	C₁	C₂	C₃	C₄	C₅	C₆	E₀/(J·kg^-1)
Gas	1.293	0	0	0	0	0.4	0.4	0	2.5×10⁵

Material	ρ/(kg·m^-3)	C		S₁		S₂	S₃		γ₀
Water	1 000	0.164 7		1.921		-0.096	0		0.35

Material	ρ/(kg·m^-3)	A/GPa		B/GPa		ω	R₁		R₂
Explosive	1 654	374		3.23		0.3	4.15		0.95

Material	ρ/(g·cm^-3)			E/MPa			G/MPa
Soil	1.860			22.4			8

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表 2 第1次气泡脉动周期的比较

Table 2. Comparison of the first bubble pulsation

No.	H/m	T_m/s	T_e/s	δ_T/%
1	1		1.28
2	2	0.63	1.19	-47.06
3	3	0.69	1.15	-40.00
4	4	0.75	1.05	-28.57
5	5	0.80	0.99	-19.19
6	6	0.82	0.94	-12.77
7	7	0.83	0.90	-7.78
8	8	0.81	0.85	-4.71

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表 3 气泡脉动荷载比较

Table 3. Comparison of the load of bubble pulse

r/m	p_sim/MPa	p_calc/MPa	δ_p/%	I_sim/(kN·s·m^-2)	I_calc/(kN·s·m^-2)	δ_I/%
4	5.53	8.40	-34.17	98.27	133.66	-26.48
5	4.31	6.72	-35.86	81.35	106.93	-23.92
6	4.31	5.60	-23.04	68.74	89.10	-22.85
7	3.45	4.80	-28.13	61.92	76.38	-18.93
8	3.20	4.20	-23.81	59.29	66.83	-11.28

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表 4 气泡脉动特性

Table 4. Characteristic of bubble pulsation

No.	H/m	H/(m·kg^-1/3)	T_re/s	T/s
1	1	0.22
2	2	0.43	0.23	0.63
3	3	0.65	0.29	0.69
4	4	0.86	0.31	0.75
5	5	1.08	0.35	0.80
6	6	1.29	0.37	0.82
7	7	1.51	0.38	0.83
8	8	1.72	0.39	0.81

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表 5 不同爆深下各水深气泡脉动荷载峰压

Table 5. Peak pressure of bubble impulse vs.explosion depth in different depths

H/(m·kg^-1/3)	p_m/MPa
H/(m·kg^-1/3)	h=0.22	h=0.43	h=0.65	h=0.86	h=1.08	h=1.29	h=1.51	h=1.72	h=1.94
0.43	0.41	0.66	0.94	0.95	1.25	1.13	1.17	1.19	1.24
0.65	0.57	1.12	1.57	1.98	2.11	2.29	2.30	2.27	2.54
0.86	0.56	1.26	1.30	2.00	1.86	2.72	2.26	2.62	3.02
1.08	0.56	1.00	1.15	1.99	1.76	2.60	2.38	3.41	3.29
1.29	0.70	1.40	1.15	1.71	1.56	2.06	2.33	2.48	2.85
1.51	0.57	0.76	1.02	1.49	1.47	1.88	2.02	2.29	2.62
1.72	0.56	0.86	0.93	1.27	1.46	1.69	2.03	2.21	2.53
Note:The unit of h is m·kg^-1/3.

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表 6 不同爆深下各水深气泡脉动荷载比冲量

Table 6. Peak pressure of bubble impulse vs.explosion depth in different depths

H/(m·kg^-1/3)	I/(kN·s·m^-2)
H/(m·kg^-1/3)	h=0.22	h=0.43	h=0.65	h=0.86	h=1.08	h=1.29	h=1.51	h=1.72	h=1.94
0.43	15.57	23.05	29.26	34.81	35.17	36.82	34.74	36.25	34.23
0.65	14.17	27.04	36.19	45.86	49.39	55.38	54.14	59.30	56.71
0.86	14.74	24.41	35.58	45.25	52.46	58.02	60.98	63.20	64.97
1.08	15.44	26.58	35.84	46.75	54.16	62.04	67.21	71.40	73.65
1.29	12.89	22.25	32.42	41.02	50.95	57.80	65.15	69.21	74.42
1.51	12.53	22.35	30.45	40.39	48.12	57.30	63.35	69.37	72.06
1.72	14.89	24.16	32.79	41.32	48.06	57.76	64.49	70.41	73.88
Note:The unit of h is m·kg^-1/3.

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