Numerical Analysis of Propulsion Mechanism ofBoiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion
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摘要: 蒸汽爆炸(BLEVE)是一种剧烈的相变现象，可应用于推进、发射等领域。采用VOF(Volume of Fraction)模型对蒸汽爆炸的两相流场变化过程进行了数值模拟，并根据流场参数的变化对Navier-Stokes方程中的源项进行动态优化，同时采用非结构化动网格技术追踪弹丸的运动轨迹。选取3种温度的过热水，模拟了不同填装量条件下过热水的蒸汽爆炸过程，并对流场压力、流体膨胀速率、相变过程和弹丸加速情况进行了对比分析。结果表明，蒸汽爆炸的产生条件较简单，能量转换迅速，膨胀的混合流体在数十毫秒内便可将弹丸发射出膛。Abstract: As a sharp phase transition phenomenon, the boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion (BLEVE) is widely applicable to facilities related with launching and propulsion.In this work, the VOF (Volume of Fraction) model was employed in the simulation of the two-phase flow field, and the source item in the Navier-Stokes equation was optimized based on the fluid conditions.Moreover, the motion of the bullet was traced using an unstructured dynamic mesh method.Three kinds of superheated vapor with different filling ratios were chosen to simulate the BLEVE process and analyze the field pressure, the expanding rate, the phase transition and the bullet's acceleration.The results indicate that BLEVE is a simple and quick way of energy conversion, and the expanded two-phase flow propels the bullet out of the barrel within tens of milliseconds.
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图 3 初始温度为403 K、填装量为70%时BLEVE的液相组分和压力分布
Figure 3. Liquid fraction and pressure distributions of BLEVEwith initial temperature of 403 K and filling ratio of 70%
图 4 爆炸腔内流体动能和涡量分布
Figure 4. Kinetic energy and vorticity distributions in explosion cavity
图 5 初始温度为403 K、填装量为70%时A、B两点的压力-时间曲线
Figure 5. Pressure-time curves at points A and B with theinitial temperature of 403 K and filling ratio of 70%
图 6 初始温度为403 K、填装量不同时BLEVE过程中弹丸速度变化曲线
Figure 6. Velocity curves of bullet for the BLEVE withdifferent filling ratios at initial temperature of 403 K
图 7 填装量为50%、初始温度不同的BLEVE过程中弹丸速度变化曲线
Figure 7. Velocity curves of bullet for the BLEVE with afilling ratio of 50% at different initial temperatures
图 8 初始温度不同时BLEVE的流场速度和压力分布
Figure 8. Field velocity and pressure distributions ofBLEVE at different initial temperatures
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