Single Pulse Shock Tube Study on Decomposition and Incipient Detonation of the Trinitrotoluene
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摘要: 用单脉冲化学激波管实验方法,使用自由基清扫剂和对比速率,测定了邻位和对位硝基甲苯在高温下,裂解瞬间(500 s) 的化学反应机理,并测定了化学反应速率常数。作为邻位硝基甲苯的同分异构体,对位硝基甲苯的主要裂解通道与其不同。通过实验发现了邻位硝基甲苯的裂解重要通道,测到它的产1氧-2氮-3,4-环丁二稀基异嚙唑(Anthranil) 在瞬间随温度变化生成和很快消失的过程。由此,测得这一化学性质极不稳定的产物的消失速率常数为:k(Anthranil)=3.71015exp(-25 800/T) s-1。分析这一过程的机理,认为第一步是硝基甲苯的裂解,第二步是Anthranil的生成,第三步是Anthranil中的N-O键的断裂。Abstract: Dilute quantities of o-nitrotoluene and anthranil have been pyrolyzed in comparative rate single pulse shock tube experiments. Rather a lot of CNO2 bond cleavages than NO2 isomerization are found as major channels in p-nitrotoluene decomposition. We demonstrate that the important pathway for pyrolysis involves the formation of anthranil with the following overall rate expression: k(o-nitrotolueneanthranil) =1.21013exp (-26 020/T) s-1. The anthranil that is formed is very unstable under our conditions, the rate expression for disappearance has been found to be the following: k(Anthranil)d=3.71015exp(-25 800/T) s-1.
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Key words:
- shock tube /
- trinitrotoluene /
- incipient detonation
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Tsang W, Robaugh D, Mallard W G. J Phys Chem, 1986, 90: 5968. Gonzalez A C, Larson C W. J Phys Chem, 1985, 89: 4809. He Y Z, Cui J P, Mallard W G, et al. J Am Chem Soc, 1988, 8: 3754. 范秉诚, 崔季平. 气动实验与测量控制, 1990, 4(3): 58.
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