三轴压缩下裂隙岩体破坏模式及能量演化研究

徐阳; 周宗红; 杨渊; 梁源贵; 李绍斌

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20240722

三轴压缩下裂隙岩体破坏模式及能量演化研究

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20240722

徐阳^1,,
周宗红^2,*, ,,
杨渊³,
梁源贵³,
李绍斌³

1.
昆明理工大学公共安全与应急管理学院, 云南昆明　650093
2.
昆明理工大学国土资源与工程学院, 云南昆明　650093
3.
鹤庆北衙矿业有限公司, 云南大理　671507

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52264019）

详细信息

作者简介:
徐　阳（1997－），男，硕士研究生，主要从事矿山安全与岩石力学研究. E-mail：351675412@qq.com

通讯作者:
周宗红（1967－），男，博士，教授，主要从事采矿工程与岩石力学研究. E-mail：zhou20051001@163.com

中图分类号: O346.1; TU45
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-01-31
- 修回日期: 2024-03-21
- 录用日期: 2024-05-27
- 网络出版日期: 2024-07-22

Study on Failure Mode and Energy Evolution of Fractured Rock Body under Triaxial Compression

1.
Faculty of Public Safety and Emergency Management, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
2.
Faculty of Land Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
3.
Heqing Beiya Mining Co., Ltd., Dali 671507, Yunnan, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究不同围压条件下含不同长度单裂隙岩体的裂纹扩展特征和能量演化规律，基于室内三轴压缩试验结果标定细观参数，开展了PFC^2D颗粒流数值模拟试验。结果表明：拉伸裂纹先于剪切裂纹产生，两者呈指数增长，裂隙长度减小和围压增大使拉伸裂纹和剪切裂纹快速增长时间滞后；最终破坏时，随裂隙长度增加，拉伸裂纹和剪切裂纹减少。应力集中于裂隙两端，裂纹周围存在应力集中现象。相同围压下，裂隙长度增加，岩样破坏时块体数减少。岩体破坏本质为能量储存、耗散与释放的过程，在加载过程中，岩体能量转化被分为4个阶段。裂隙长度增加削弱岩样储存应变能的能力，总能量减少，围压增强岩样储存应变能的能力。岩样破坏时，耗散能大于应变能，随裂隙增长，耗散能减少。
- 单裂隙岩体 /
- 三轴压缩 /
- PFC^2D模拟试验 /
- 裂纹扩展 /
- 能量演化
Abstract: To study the crack extension characteristics and energy evolution law of the rock body with different lengths of single fissure under different confining pressures, the mesoscopic parameters were calibrated by use of the indoor triaxial compression test, and the numerical simulation test of PFC^2D particle flow was carried out. The results show that tensile cracks are generated before shear cracks, and both of them grow exponentially; the decrease of the fissure length and the increase of the confining pressure restrain the rapid growth of tensile and shear cracks; when the final failure occurs, the tensile and shear cracks decrease with the increase of the fissure length. The stress is concentrated at both ends of the crack, and there is stress concentration around the crack. Under the same confining pressure, the number of failure blocks of the rock sample decreases with the increment of fissure length. The nature of rock failure is the process of energy storage, dissipation and release, and the rock energy transformation is divided into four stages during the loading process. The increase in fissure length weakens the ability of the rock samples to store strain energy, the total energy decreases, and the confining pressure enhances the ability of the rock samples to store strain energy. The dissipated energy is greater than the strain energy when the rock sample fails, and the dissipated energy decreases with the fissure growth.
- single fissure rock mass /
- triaxial compression /
- PFC^2D simulation test /
- crack extension /
- energy evolution

HTML全文

图 1 裂隙岩样模型

Figure 1. Model of fissure rock sample

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图 2 室内试验^[16]与PFC^2D数值模拟结果对比

Figure 2. Comparison between indoor test^[16] and PFC^2D numerical simulation

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图 3 平行黏结破坏模式

Figure 3. Parallel bonding damage pattern

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图 4 不同围压和裂隙长度下岩样总裂纹的演化规律

Figure 4. Total cracks evolution of rock samples under different confining pressures and fissure lengths

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图 6 不同围压和裂隙长度下岩样剪切裂纹的演化规律

Figure 6. Shear cracks evolution of rock samples under different confining pressures and fissure lengths

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图 5 不同围压和裂隙长度下岩样拉伸裂纹的演化规律

Figure 5. Tensile cracks evolution of rock samples under different confining pressures and fissure lengths

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图 7 不同围压和裂缝长度下岩石试样失效后的裂纹数

Figure 7. Cracks number in rock specimens after failure under different confining pressures and fissure lengths

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图 8 不同围压下岩体最终破坏块体数

Figure 8. Final number of fail ure blocks of rock mass under different confining pressures

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图 9 不同围压下裂隙长度为2.5 mm的岩样块体的破碎形态

Figure 9. Crushing pattern of rock sample block with a fissure length of 2.5 mm under different confining pressures

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图 10 不同围压下裂隙长度为5 mm的岩样块体的破碎形态

Figure 10. Crushing pattern of rock sample block with a fissure length of 5 mm under different confining pressures

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图 11 不同围压下裂隙长度为10 mm的岩样块体的破碎形态

Figure 11. Crushing pattern of rock sample block with a fissure length of 10 mm under different confining pressures

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图 12 不同围压下裂隙长度为15 mm的岩样块体的破碎形态

Figure 12. Crushing pattern of rock sample block with a fissure length of 15 mm under different confining pressures

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图 13 岩样弹性应变能与耗散能的关系

Figure 13. Relationship between elastic strain energy and dissipation energy of rock samples

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图 14 10.0 MPa围压下不同岩样的能量转化曲线

Figure 14. Energy conversion curves of different rock samples under 10.0 MPa confining pressure

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图 15 裂隙岩样的储能极限

Figure 15. Energy storage limit of fissure rock samples

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图 16 峰值与峰后能量指标的对比

Figure 16. Comparison of the peak and post-peak energy metrics

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表 1 岩石PFC模型细观参数

Table 1. Mesoscopic parameters of the rock PFC model

Minimum radius of particles/mm	Ratio of maximum to minimum of radius	Density of the particle/ (kg·m⁻³)	Friction coefficient	Bond friction angle/(º)
0.3	1.5	2 950	0.17	40

Parallel bonding stiffness ratio	Particle stiffness ratio	Effective modulus of bonding/GPa	Tangential bond strength/MPa	Normal bond strength/MPa
1.1	1.1	11	76.6	69.6

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表 2 室内试验^[16]与数值模拟对比

Table 2. Comparison between indoor test^[16] and numerical simulation results

Method	Deviatoric stress/MPa	Elastic modulus/MPa
Indoor test^[16]	144.782	17.147
Numerical simulation	144.670	17.109
Error/%	0.077	0.222

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表 3 不同裂隙长度的岩样在不同围压下的接触力链演化过程

Table 3. Evolution of contact force chainof rock samples under different confining pressures and fissure lengths

L/mm	Confining pressure/MPa	Pre-peak period	Peak value	Post-peak period
0	5.0
0	10.0
5	5.0
5	10.0
10	5.0
10	10.0

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表 4 不同裂隙长度岩样的峰值点能量指标

Table 4. Indexes of peak point energy of rock samples with different fissure lengths

L/mm	Confining pressure/MPa	Total energy/kJ	Dissipated energy
L/mm	Confining pressure/MPa	Total energy/kJ	Energy/kJ	Proportion/%
0	2.5	288.67	9.54	3.30
	5.0	324.79	10.41	3.21
	10.0	415.48	14.47	3.48
	15.0	474.29	21.31	4.49
5	2.5	248.58	8.24	3.31
	5.0	281.97	9.11	3.23
	10.0	348.54	12.51	3.59
	15.0	355.56	12.34	3.47
10	2.5	172.37	4.89	2.84
	5.0	205.55	7.32	3.56
	10.0	279.90	9.16	3.27
	15.0	293.19	10.24	3.49
15	2.5	153.98	5.86	3.8
	5.0	169.91	5.02	2.95
	10.0	215.02	7.95	3.70
	15.0	240.84	10.34	4.29

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