碳纤维-手撕钢复合材料的力学性能及除冰功能

闻贞; 张国亮; 蒋麒; 李永存; 郭章新; 栾云博

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20230661

碳纤维-手撕钢复合材料的力学性能及除冰功能

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20230661

太原理工大学机械与运载工程学院，山西太原　030024

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（12041201）；山西省基础研究计划项目（202203021211126，202203021211122）

详细信息

作者简介:
闻　贞（1995－），男，硕士，主要从事复合材料研究. E-mail：2531148360@qq.com

通讯作者:
栾云博（1984－），女，博士，副教授，主要从事复合材料研究. E-mail：luanyunbo@tyut.edu.cn

中图分类号: O347; TB333
计量
- 文章访问数: 111
- HTML全文浏览量: 66
- PDF下载量: 90
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-05-15
- 修回日期: 2023-06-11
- 网络出版日期: 2023-10-12
- 刊出日期: 2023-11-07

Mechanical Property and De-Icing Function of Carbon Fibre-Hand-Torn Steel Composites

College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China

摘要

摘要: 碳纤维增强复合材料因其轻质高强等优异特性，在轨道交通、航空航天等领域具有重要作用。然而，作为高空飞行器表面结构材料，碳纤维复合材料在低温环境中存在力学性能衰减和结冰等问题，严重影响了其服役安全性。以单向碳纤维预浸料和不锈钢超薄带即手撕钢为原材料，采用铺层固化的方法，设计了不同裁剪形状的手撕钢与碳纤维铺层的“碳纤维-手撕钢”复合材料，并对其在电流驱动下的力学性能和除冰功能进行研究。研究表明，手撕钢不仅能够改善复合材料内部的应力分布，提升力学性能，而且由于手撕钢的电流致热效应，能够实现复合材料的温度调控，从而进一步改善材料的强度和吸能特性。此外，手撕钢的裁剪宽度对于调控电流通路及其致热效应具有重要影响，是优化材料力学性能和除冰功能的关键因素。研究结果对于“碳纤维-手撕钢”复合材料的力学设计和电流驱动除冰功能实现具有一定的指导意义，并有望在航天航空等领域得到重要应用。
- 碳纤维-金属复合材料 /
- 应力分布 /
- 力学性能 /
- 电流除冰
Abstract: Carbon fibre reinforced composites have an important role in rail transportation, aerospace and other fields due to their excellent properties such as lightweight and high strength. However, as a surface structure material for high-altitude vehicles, carbon fibre reinforced composites suffer from mechanical property degradation and icing in low-temperature environments, which seriously affect their service safety. In this paper, a “carbon fibre-hand-torn steel” composite is designed using unidirectional carbon fibre prepreg and stainless steel ultra-thin belts, i.e. hand-torn steel, as the raw material, and a lay-up curing method is used to design a “carbon fibre-hand-torn steel” composite consisting of hand-torn steel with different cut shapes and carbon fibre lay-up. It is shown that the hand-torn steel not only improves the mechanical properties by improving the internal stress distribution of the composite, but also enables the temperature regulation of the composite due to the current-driven thermal effect of the hand-torn steel, which further improves the material strength and energy absorption properties. In addition, the cutting width of the hand-torn steel has an important influence on the regulation of the current path and its thermogenic effect, which is a key factor in optimizing the mechanical properties and de-icing function of the material. This paper provides guidance on the mechanical design and current-driven de-icing of carbon fibre-hand-torn steel composites, and is expected to have important applications in aerospace and other fields.
- carbon fibre-metal composites /
- stress distribution /
- mechanical properties /
- current de-icing

HTML全文

图 1 三点弯曲层合板铺层设计方案

Figure 1. Lay-up design scheme of three-point bending laminate

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 不同电流通路宽度的手撕钢层合板

Figure 2. Hand-torn steel laminates with different current path widths

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 三点弯曲样品通电实验和力学性能测试

Figure 3. Three-point bending sample energization test and mechanical property test

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 3种样品的三点弯曲测试结果

Figure 4. Three-point bending test results of three kinds of samples

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 碳纤维-手撕钢层合板在不同电流强度下的弯曲测试结果

Figure 5. Bending test results of carbon fibre-hand-torn steel laminates at different current strengths

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 不同电流通路宽度层合板表面稳态温度随电流变化和温度场分布

Figure 6. Steady-state temperature variation of laminate surface with current and temperature field distribution for different current path widths

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 电流通路宽度为10 mm的层合板通入2.5 A电流后不同时刻样品表面的温度场

Figure 7. Temperature field on the surface of a laminate with a current path width of 10 mm after applying 2.5 A current at different moments

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 材料的基本属性

Table 1. Basic material properties

Material Tensile strength/MPa Density/(g·cm⁻³) Thickness/mm

HTS 1130 7.26 0.02

CFRP 1800 1.80 0.20

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 三点弯曲样品通电方案

Table 2. Three-point bending sample energization scheme

Samples Current/A

CFRP No power
HTS-CFRP No power
Cut HTS-CFRP 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 电流致热样品通电方案

Table 3. Energizing samples with current heating

Width of hand-torn steel/mm Current/A

20 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5
15 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5
10 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5
5 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 1.8

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(15)

[1]	吴明宇, 闫晓鹏, 郭章新,等. 低浓度氧化石墨烯改性环氧树脂基碳纤维层合板的拉伸性能 [J]. 高压物理学报, 2020, 34(6): 061301. WU M Y, YAN X P, GUO Z X, et al. Tensile properties of low concentration graphene oxide modified epoxy resin-based carbon fiber laminate [J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2020, 34(6): 061301.
[2]	张菡英, 刘明. 碳纤维复合材料的发展及应用 [J]. 工程塑料应用, 2015, 43(11): 132–135. ZHANG H Y, LIU M. Development and applications of carbon fiber reinforced polymer [J]. Engineering Plastics Applications, 2015, 43(11): 132–135.
[3]	CAO Y H, TAN W Y, WU Z L. Aircraft icing: an ongoing threat to aviation safety [J]. Aerospace Science and Technology, 2018, 75: 353–385. doi: 10.1016/j.ast.2017.12.028
[4]	蒋天俊. 结冰对飞机飞行性能影响的研究 [D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学, 2008: 1−4. JIANG T J. Investigation of icing accretion influences on aircraft flight performance [D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2008: 1−4.
[5]	AOKI T, ISHIKAWA T, KUMAZAWA H, et al. Cryogenic mechanical properties of CF/polymer composites for tanks of reusable rockets [J]. Advanced Composite Materials, 2001, 10(4): 349–356. doi: 10.1163/156855101753415373
[6]	胡林权. 民用飞机机翼电加热防/除冰应用现状及技术难点 [J]. 航空科学技术, 2016, 27(7): 8–11. HU L Q. Application status and technical difficulties for civil aircraft wing electrothermal anti-/de-icing [J]. Aviation Science and Technology, 2016, 27(7): 8–11.
[7]	周岸卿. PTC陶瓷在翼型防/除冰结构中的应用探索 [D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学, 2017: 2−5. ZHOU A Q. Exploration and application of PTC ceramics in airfoil anti-/de-icing structure [D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2017: 2−5.
[8]	马蕾, 王贤明, 宁亮. 飞机防冰涂料的研究进展 [J]. 中国涂料, 2014, 29(1): 11. MA L, WANG X M, NING L. Research progress of aircraft anti-icing coatings [J]. China Paint, 2014, 29(1): 11.
[9]	XUE X, ZHANG H, ZHANG Z. Effective anti-icing coating during the whole freezing process [C]//Abstract Book of the 6th International Conference on Nanoscience & Technology, 2015: 165−166.
[10]	王智勇. 超薄不锈钢均热板制造工艺及其传热性能分析 [D]. 南昌: 南昌航空大学, 2020: 1−5. WANG Z Y. Manufacturing process and heat transfer performance analysis of ultra thin stainless steel vapor chamber [D]. Nanchang: Nanchang Hangkong University, 2020: 1−5.
[11]	李艳. 碳纤维金属层板的制备与性能研究 [D]. 西安: 西安建筑科技大学, 2020: 25−45. LI Y. Preparation and performance study of carbon fiber metal laminates [D]. Xi’an: Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, 2020: 25−45.
[12]	马其华, 周琪, 甘学辉,等. 金属/碳纤维增强复合材料混合薄壁管的研究进展 [J]. 工程塑料应用, 2019, 47(8): 128–134. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3539.2019.08.027 MA Q H, ZHOU Q, GAN X H, et al. Research progress of metal/carbon fiber reinforced composite hybrid thin-walled tubes [J]. Engineering Plastics Applications, 2019, 47(8): 128–134. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3539.2019.08.027
[13]	张磊, 马小敏, 李如江,等. 纤维金属层合板的抗爆性能及失效机理 [J]. 高压物理学报, 2019, 33(1): 014202. ZHANG L, MA X M, LI R J, et al. Anti-explosion performance and failure mechanism of fiber-metal laminates [J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2019, 33(1): 014202.
[14]	陈健. 温度循环骤变对碳纤维增强复合材料机械性能的影响 [D]. 上海: 东华大学, 2020: 9−13. CHEN J. Effects of temperature cycling on mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced composites [D]. Shanghai: Donghua University, 2020: 9−13.
[15]	于广, 魏化震, 李大勇, 等. 热处理温度对碳纤维增强聚酰亚胺复合材料性能影响 [J]. 工程塑料应用, 2020, 48(6): 62–67. YU G, WEI H Z, LI D Y, et al. Effect of heat treatment temperature on properties of polyimide/carbon fiber composites [J]. Engineering Plastics Applications, 2020, 48(6): 62–67.