非均质岩石动态断裂损伤细观特征模拟分析

崔年生; 危剑林; 袁增森; 徐振洋; 刘鑫; 王雪松

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20230638

非均质岩石动态断裂损伤细观特征模拟分析

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20230638

崔年生^1,,
危剑林^1,*, ,,
袁增森²,
徐振洋³,
刘鑫³,
王雪松⁴

1.
福建省新华都工程有限责任公司，福建厦门　361000
2.
五矿矿业（邯郸）矿山工程有限公司，河北邯郸　056000
3.
辽宁科技大学矿业工程学院，辽宁鞍山　114051
4.
沈阳工业大学建筑与土木学院，辽宁沈阳　110870

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（51974187）；辽宁省教育厅项目（LJKZ0282）

详细信息

作者简介:
崔年生（1969－），男，本科，高级工程师，主要从事矿山与爆破工程研究.E-mail：cuiniansheng0236@sina.com

通讯作者:
危剑林（1981－），男，本科，工程师，主要从事采矿与爆破工程技术研究. E-mail：191079238@qq.com

中图分类号: O347.3; TU45
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-04-07
- 修回日期: 2023-04-29
- 网络出版日期: 2023-07-11
- 刊出日期: 2023-09-01

Simulation Analysis of Mesoscale Characteristics in the Dynamic Fracture Damage of Heterogeneous Rock

1.
Fujian Xinhuadu Engineering Co. Ltd., Xiamen 361000, Fujian, China
2.
Minerals (Handan) Mine Engineering Co. Ltd., Handan 056000, Hebei, China
3.
College of Mining Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, Liaoning, China
4.
School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, Liaoning, China

摘要

摘要: 为从矿物晶质尺度研究非均质岩石动态断裂损伤的细观发展过程，采用颗粒流程序-等效晶质模型构建能够反映微观结构特征的非均质岩石模型，同时利用有限差分法FLAC^2D和离散元法PFC^2D建立耦合分离式霍普金森压杆系统，对不同冲击载荷下非均质岩石的动态冲击破坏过程进行模拟分析。通过自编Fish语言，对动态破坏过程中矿物的晶内及晶间微裂纹进行细化分组及数量统计，从细观发展的角度剖析非均质岩石的动态断裂损伤演化过程。结果表明：在静态单轴压缩条件下，沿晶破坏是主导非均质岩石破坏的重要原因，晶间裂纹和穿晶裂纹逐步贯通，最终使试样展现出宏观的破坏模式；在动态冲击条件下，各矿物晶内及晶间的微裂纹增长过程均存在萌生期、快速增长期、缓慢增长期和停止增长期4个阶段；与静态单轴压缩条件下微裂纹数的增长模式相似，动态破坏初期晶间裂纹数明显高于晶内裂纹数，岩石主要发生沿晶损伤破坏，随着加载的进行和岩石破坏程度的提升，动态破坏的晶内裂纹数逐渐超过晶间裂纹数。此外，模拟中不同冲击载荷下峰值应变率与对应的峰值载荷以及动态峰值强度与对应的峰值载荷均表现出良好的线性关系，为快速确定岩石相关动态力学参数提供了简便的方法。
- 岩石 /
- 非均质 /
- 动态损伤 /
- 微裂纹 /
- 细观特征
Abstract: In order to investigate the mesoscale development in the dynamic fracture damage of heterogeneous rocks at the mineral crystal scale, a heterogeneous rock model that can reflect the microstructure characteristics was constructed based on the particle flow code-grain based model (PFC-GBM) method. By establishing the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) system using finite difference method FLAC^2D and discrete element method PFC^2D, the dynamic impact failure process of heterogeneous rock under different impact loading was simulated and studied. Through the self-compiled Fish language, the number of intragranular and intergranular microcracks in different minerals during the dynamic failure process was grouped and counted. The microscopic evolution process of dynamic fracture damage of heterogeneous rocks was deeply analyzed from a mesoscopic perspective. The research results show that intergranular failure is an important reason for the failure of the dominant heterogeneous rock under the static uniaxial compression condition. Under impact loading condition, the growth process of microcracks within and between crystals of each mineral had four stages: initiation, rapid growth, slow growth and stop growth. Similar to the growth pattern of the number of microcracks under static uniaxial compression condition, the number of intergranular cracks at the initial stage of dynamic failure was significantly higher than the number of intragranular cracks in each mineral. The rock mainly suffered intergranular damage. As the degree increases, the number of intragranular cracks in dynamic failure gradually exceeds the number of intergranular cracks. In addition, the peak strain rate and the corresponding maximum pressure as well as the dynamic peak strength and the corresponding maximum pressure under different impact loads in the simulation show good linear relationships, which provides a simple method to quickly determine the relevant dynamic mechanical parameters of the rock.
- rock /
- heterogeneity /
- dynamic damage /
- microcracks /
- mesoscopic features

HTML全文

图 1 PFC-GBM的构建过程

Figure 1. Construction process of PFC-GBM

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图 2 黏结分布及黏结原理

Figure 2. Bond distribution and bond principle

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图 3 试样应力-应变曲线及破坏模式的数值模拟与实验结果^[18]对比

Figure 3. Comparison of numerical simulation and experimental results^[18] of stress-strain curves and failure modes

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图 4 非均质岩石单轴破坏的微裂纹演化过程

Figure 4. Microcrack evolution of heterogeneous rock under uniaxial failure condition

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图 5 单轴破坏中的微裂纹演化过程

Figure 5. Microcrack evolution in uniaxial failure

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图 6 微裂纹统计及细化分组

Figure 6. Microcracks statistics and subdivision

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图 7 耦合SHPB系统及应力波施加

Figure 7. Coupling SHPB system and stress wave application

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图 8 耦合SHPB系统中杆件应力波的传播过程

Figure 8. Stress wave propagation of the rod in coupling SHPB system

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图 9 杆件应力时程曲线

Figure 9. Stress-time history curve of the rod

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图 10 不同冲击载荷下的应力平衡验证

Figure 10. Uniformity of stress under different impact loading

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图 11 冲击载荷下岩石内部微裂纹及宏观破坏模式演化过程

Figure 11. Evolution process of microcracks and macroscopic failure modes in rock under impact loading

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图 12 微裂纹数时程曲线

Figure 12. Time-history curves of microcrack number

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图 13 微裂纹细化分组

Figure 13. Micro-crack refinement grouping

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图 14 不同冲击载荷下的应力-应变曲线

Figure 14. Stress-strain curves under different impact loading

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图 15 σ_d和${\dot \varepsilon _{\rm d}}$关于p_m的线性拟合

Figure 15. Linear fitting of σ_d and ${\dot \varepsilon _{\rm d}}$ with respect to p_m

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表 1 试样的细观参数

Table 1. Microscopic parameters of the specimen

Material	f	Ф/(°)	K₁	E_f/GPa	K₂	S_n/MPa	S_s/MPa
Quartz	0.20	30	2.3	53	2.3	34.0	42.0
Feldspar	0.15	33	2.5	43	2.5	27.2	33.6
Mica	0.18	36	3.8	34	3.8	20.4	25.2
Grain boundary	0.50	42	5.0	22	5.0	5.1	6.3

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表 2 试样的主要力学参数

Table 2. Main mechanical parameters of the rock specimen

Method	E/GPa	μ	σ/MPa
Simulation	30.95	0.205	125.72
Experiment	30.58	0.210	126.57
Error/%	1.2	2.4	0.7

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表 4 不同冲击载荷下试样破坏的模拟结果

Table 4. Simulation results of specimen failure under different impact loading

T/μs	p_m/MPa	Crack distribution	Fragmentation distribution	N_d	σ_d/MPa	${\dot \varepsilon _{\rm d}}$/s⁻¹
200	200			1017	120.56	60.28
	250			2386	143.94	76.65
	300			3241	162.85	104.59
	350			3950	184.84	114.55
	400			4776	203.12	157.64

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